解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Interferons are known to prevent liver collagen by an antifibrogenic mechanism that involves mRNA procollagen regulation. The aim of the present work was to determine whether interferon could also decrease collagen by increasing its degradation. Fibrosis was induced in male Wistar rats by double ligation and section o...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139345
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the existence of beta 3-adrenoceptors in functional assays in isolated preparations for which data are lacking, we compared the effects of SR 58611A, a selective beta 3-adrenoceptor agonist, and isoprenaline in the guinea pig common bile duct, distal colon and urinary bladder. SR 58611A and isoprenaline r...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139338
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and calcium-dependent protein kinase (PKC) modulators on secretagogue-stimulated gastric acid secretion were studied in the continuously perfused stomach of the anesthetized rat. Intravenous histamine (0.25 mg/kg/h) and pentagastrin (2 microg...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139368
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of a 1- or 24-hour pretreatment regimen with monophosphoryl lipid A (MLA, 35 micrograms/kg i.v.) on myocardial stunning produced by repetitive coronary occlusions were studied in barbital-anesthetized dogs. Regional segment function (%SS) and myocardial blood flow were measured by sonomicrometry and the ra...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139329
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiotensin had a dual action on the epididymal half of rat vas deferens. It potentiated electrical stimulated contraction and exerted a direct contractile effect on the muscle. The potentiation of electrically stimulated response may be mediated by presynaptic facilitation of neurotransmitter release. Muscular contra...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139322
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) detoxify diverse electrophilic chemicals, including anticancer drugs. Containing at least 100 microM total GST, the adult rat liver has abundant alpha and mu class GST isoenzymes. We utilized primary cultured rat hepatocytes, maintained in chemically defined medium, to examine direct ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139312
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have indicated that structurally dissimilar serotonin2 (5HT2) antagonists can protect globally ischemic/reperfused reperfused rat hearts. We therefore determined if the 5HT2 antagonist cinanserin can protect the ischemic myocardium in two models of pacing-induced ischemia in anesthetized dogs. In one ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139294
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that the postischemic neuronal damage is accompanied by changes of the electrocorticogram (ECoG) of freely moving rats during long-term recovery after forebrain ischemia. Ten minutes forebrain ischemia was induced in male Wistar rats. ECoG was recorded 1 day before a...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139287
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both in vivo and in vitro exposure to morphine have been reported to produce a number of immunomodulatory effects in both laboratory animals and humans. The current study was performed to assess the direct in vitro effect of exposure to morphine or morphine metabolites on immune response parameters. Murine B6C3F1 sple...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139266
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of vinconate and pentobarbital against the alterations in spirodecanone binding in the gerbil striatum and hippocampus 5 h and 7 days after 10 min of cerebral ischemia, using receptor autoradiography. Vinconate and pentobarbital were given intraperitoneally 10 and 30 min prior to ischemic i...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139245
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms underlying the fade of the tetanic contraction induced by pancuronium were studied in vitro by means of myographical and electrophysiological techniques in the extensor digitorum longus muscle of the rat. Pancuronium (0.5 mumol/l) induced a complete fade of the tetanic contraction while leaving the twit...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139242
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::86Rb efflux assay was used to investigate the effect of cromakalim, pinacidil and P1075 in guinea pig urinary bladder strips. The type of K channel opened by cromakalim and pinacidil was determined using specific K channel blockers through 86Rb efflux assay in detrusor strips. Cromakalim, pinacidil and P1075 all three...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139230
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the action of beta-adrenergic agonists on Japanese quail erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase (CA) in vitro. Earlier we had reported that epinephrine increased CA activity by 14%; the present study focused on an attempt to increase the size of this response. Washed erythrocytes from reserpine-treated (1 mg/kg dai...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139223
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The affinity of amitriptyline for muscarine M1 receptors was studied in the rat cerebral cortex and rabbit vas deferens utilizing binding studies as well as inhibition of carbachol-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis in the cerebral cortex and blockade of the muscarinic prejunctional inhibition of sympathetic nerve st...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139192
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-affinity (104 +/- 18 pmol/l) and high-density (204 +/- 25 fmol/mg) angiotensin II (AII) binding sites have been identified in Xenopus laevis heart membranes. Competition binding of [125I]Sar1,Ile8 angiotensin (SIA) to these receptors by peptide analogs selective for the mammalian AII receptor subtypes AT1 and AT2...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139186
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to assess whether moderate hypoxia affects the disposition of diltiazem. Six male beagle dogs received diltiazem (0.6 mg/kg) on three occasions: (1) while breathing air, i.e. during normoxia; (2) 1 h after initiating exposure to a FiO2 of 0.08, a FiCO2 of 0.035 and a FiN2 of 0.885, i.e. durin...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139121
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wood creosote, a mixture of phenolic compounds, suppresses in vitro contractions of rat intestine. To identify a compound in wood creosote able to inhibit intestinal motility, we screened its constituent phenolic compounds and found 4-ethylguaiacol (4-EG) as an active compound. It suppressed the spontaneous phasic (IC...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139111
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of sodium rhein on contractile activity and fluid flow in the rat complete large intestine was studied in vitro. Contractile activity was recorded using serosal strain gauges and volume transducers recorded distal fluid flow from the segment. Luminal sodium rhein (1 mM) produced a protracted increase in cae...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139840
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a model of dimethylhydrazine-induced colorectal tumors in male mice aloin- or sennoside-enriched diets (0.03%) did not promote incidence and growth of adenomas and carcinomas after 20 weeks. Furthermore, in anthranoid-fed mice no significant changes in serum electrolytes as well as parameters of hepato- and nephrot...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139859
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Danthron infused intravenously in rats shows a complex dose-dependent pattern of metabolism and excretion. The metabolites, particularly the more polar ones, are in general excreted predominantly in bile, to a lesser extent in urine. They can be separated as metabolite groups according to polarity and molecular size o...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139852
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tacrine (THA) selectively modulates binding of M1 ligands in an allosteric fashion causing positive cooperativity. The binding affinity of THA to M1 and M2 cholinoceptors is similar. It is therefore proposed that the allosteric selectivity of THA is a function of the binding site and not of THA itself. Its interaction...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139101
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renal hypoperfusion which occurs in hemorrhagic shock creates an environment in which cellular injury and organ dysfunction can occur during the episode of shock as well as reoxygenation and reperfusion. At the same time, mast cell degranulation which is observed during hemorrhage may have an additional deleterious ef...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139097
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to examine the reaction pathway of colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS) with thiols. Studies were performed using the monothiol glutathione (GSH), the dithiol dithiothreitol (DTT) and the thiol enzymes papain and H+/K(+)-ATPase. UV-vis spectra showed that CBS forms complexes with GSH and D...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139088
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously it was demonstrated that intravenously administered morphine produced greater analgesic but lower hyperthermic responses to morphine in 24-week-old rats in comparison to 8-week-old rats. The differential pharmacological responses to morphine could not solely be attributed to the pharmacokinetic parameters, ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139073
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antagonism of carbachol-induced contractions of guinea pig gallbladder smooth muscle strips via selective antagonists, methoctramine, HHSiD, pf-HHSiD and DABDMA has been investigated in order to find out the m-cholinoceptor subtype(s) of gallbladder smooth muscle. All m-cholinoceptor antagonists examined, displace...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139061
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to investigate the effects of fluid administration on survival in endotoxemic or septicemic male Sprague-Dawley rats. Endotoxemia was induced by intravenous injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and septicemia produced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). In endotoxemi...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139053
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::L-Carnitine (oral route) significantly corrects the muscle hypocontractility and hypoexcitability induced in the rat after 5 consecutive days of fasting. This effect is interpreted on the basis of the dual role of L-carnitine as cofactor in the transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria and as a detoxif...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139026
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The observations that people infected with HIV suffer not only from an inflammatory stress but also from depleted glutathione levels have led to a general hypothesis that these two are causally related, and that treatment of AIDS should include thiol-replenishment therapy. In particular, inflammatory stimulations are ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000139037
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of intravenous administration of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on electrocardiographic or blood pressure (BP) functional parameters were assessed in urethane-anesthetized rats. The responses of cardiovascular functional parameters produced by these drugs included: (1) isoproterenol decreased the du...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138922
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::When rat mast cells were cultured for a short period in plastic dishes and adhering cells were permeabilized with beta-escin and exposed to Ca2+ at concentrations higher than 10(-7) mol/l, histamine release was induced dose-dependently. Protein kinase C (PKC) activity in the crude extracts obtained from adhering mast ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138874
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure of rat portal veins to an N2-gassed buffer markedly increased 86Rb outflow. Moreover, glucose caused a pronounced reduction in 86Rb outflow from portal veins perfused with an N2-gassed buffer. Pinacidil, cromakalim and diazoxide provoked a sustained increase in 86Rb outflow. The stimulatory effect of pinacidi...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138878
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) after cyclooxygenase inhibition (COI) is well documented in the dog, but the site of vasoconstriction to chemically distinct cyclooxygenase inhibitors is largely unknown. The purpose of the present study was to examine and compare equimolar concentrations of three che...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138935
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The calcium channel antagonist, nifedipine (0.1 microM), only slightly inhibited the response to the full alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist, (-)-norepinephrine, in rat aorta, but nearly completely inhibited the response to the partial alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist, (-)-dobutamine, indicating that (-)-norepinephrine primaril...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138906
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of the calcium channel antagonist nifedipine and the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, staurosporine were examined on the pressor actions of a full, cirazoline, and a partial, St587, alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist as well as the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist B-HT 920 in the pithed rat preparation. Administrat...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138838
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present experiments examined the protective effect of the nitrofuran drugs, furazolidone (FZ) and nitrofurazone (NF), on duodenal ulceration induced by cysteamine or indometacin in rats. FZ at oral doses of 25, 50 or 100 mg/kg for 2 consecutive days signficantly reduced, in a dose-dependent manner, the incidence a...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138767
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Veratridine caused a positive inotropic action in the electrically driven left atria of rats. Quinacrine (a phospholipase A2 inhibitor), indomethacin (a cyclooxygenase inhibitor) and aspirin (a cyclooxygenase inhibitor), but not nordihydroguaiaretic acid (a lipoxygenase inhibitor), inhibited the response to veratridin...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138774
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various stressful stimuli cause mast cell degranulation. Hemorrhagic shock is one such stressful stimulus which may cause mast cell degranulation and histamine release. Histamine may be involved in the pathophysiology of hemorrhage. It was reported that there are large amounts of histamine in the anterior and posterio...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138826
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and rutin on peroxidative processes were studied in xanthine-xanthine oxidase system, linoleic acid ufasomes and human erythrocyte membranes. In these three systems, tested compounds scavenge superoxide anion radicals or inhibit lipid peroxidation in a concentration-depen...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138807
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Galactosamine (GalN) administration produces hepatitis-like liver injury in animals. The hepatotoxicity of GalN is attenuated by several interventions, including activation of the reticuloendothelial system (RES). Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) administration significantly increases the phagocytic activity of the RES ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138861
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diastereomeric glucuronic acid conjugates are major metabolites of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug fenoprofen (FEN). Glucuronidation of FEN enantiomers was investigated with liver microsomal preparations from different species (sheep, rabbit, rat and human). The formed R- and S-FEN conjugates can be separa...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138828
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00