Effect of acute and chronic moderate hypoxia on diltiazem kinetics and metabolism in the dog.

abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:The knowledge of molecular mechanisms determining drug pharmacokinetics in pathological states is relevant for the development of new therapeutic approaches. This study was undertaken to evaluate the cortical renal blood flow (cRBF) and the renal protein expression of the organic anion transporters (OAT...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Di Giusto G,Anzai N,Endou H,Torres AM

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study, chronic treatment of atorvastatin was evaluated on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200 +/- 25 g) were randomized into the following four groups: (1) control group, (2) isoproterenol-treated group, (3) atorvastatin-treated group, and (4) isoproterenol- and at...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Trivedi CJ,Balaraman R,Majithiya JB,Bothara SB

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in combination with diuretics is a common strategy used for the treatment of patients affected by heart failure. An infant affected by initial congestive cardiac failure, after starting the treatment with enalapril in association with furosemide, developed acut...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Fabiano V,Carnovale C,Gentili M,Radice S,Zuccotti GV,Clementi E,Perrotta C,Mameli C

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on their anabolic properties in skeletal muscles, beta-adrenergic agonists are of interest as potential countermeasures to microgravity-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. The levels of clenbuterol (Cb), a beta(2)-adrenergic agonist, in both plasma and skeletal muscle were higher in hindlimb-suspended rats than in ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： von Deutsch DA,Abukhalaf IK,Wineski LE,Roper RR,Aboul-Enein HY,Paulsen DF,Potter DE

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Historical evidence has verified the multifaceted antiviral efficacy of polyoxometalates (PMs). METHODS:We carried out a study to investigate the antimicrobial effects of each of the 5 substances comprising virus block (VB): 3 PMs that have antibacterial and antiviral activity, an antibiotic agent, and an a...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Dan K,Katoh N,Matsuoka T,Fujinami K

更新日期：2019-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of fenfluramine, administered orally in a daily dose of 1 mg/kg for 40 days, on the disposition and rate of elimination of antipyrine was studied in 15 obese patients. Although the plasma half-life of antipyrine was unchanged, the apparent volume of distribution (1/kg) fell by 11.6% (p less than 0.001) and ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： O'Malley K,Stevenson IH,West M

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was designed to document possible changes in the binding of bupivacaine (BV), lidocaine (LC) and their main metabolites desbutylbupivacaine (PPX) and monoethylglycinexylydide (MEGX), respectively, to plasma proteins and erythrocytes in mice after acute treatment with the calcium antagonists diltiazem (DZ), ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Jacob D,Grignon S,Attolini L,Gantenbein M,Bruguerolle B

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated a possible alteration in the ability of leukocytes to produce reactive oxygen species by stobadine, a pyridoindole antioxidant, in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. The production of free radicals from whole blood was assessed by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence after stimulation by phorbol myristate ace...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Demiryürek AT,Karasu C,Stefek M,Stolc S

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pain and mental status were assessed in a series of 35 consecutive hospitalized patients with metastatic cancer receiving narcotics for pain that was difficult to control. Forty-five episodes of mental status impairment were detected in 27 of these patients. Fifteen patients had dose-related oversedation or organic br...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Leipzig RM,Goodman H,Gray G,Erle H,Reidenberg MM

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of intraperitoneal pretreatment, 48 h beforehand, with zinc sulphate (22, 44 or 88 mg/kg) were studied on gastric ulceration, gastric secretion and changes in stomach wall mast cell counts induced after 4 h by reserpine (5 mg/kg) given intraperitoneally to intact (unoperated for pylorus occlusion) or pylor...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Ogle CW,Cho CH

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the total urinary kallikrein levels, left-ventricular wall thickness and mean arterial blood pressure of nontreated and captopril-treated diabetic and nondiabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats. The mean arterial blood pressure was significantly elevated in diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats as ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Sharma JN,Kesavarao U

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of dietary taurine on lipid secretion and ketone body production were examined in the livers of Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats fed high-cholesterol diets. The weight gain of the Sprague-Dawley rats tended to be higher than that of the Wistar rats, although food intake was comparable between the strains. Th...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Yamamoto K,Yoshitama A,Sakono M,Nasu T,Murakami S,Fukuda N

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:Basal insulin administered to type-2 diabetic patients with poor glycaemic control when managed with oral anti-diabetics (OADs) alone can lead to an increased risk of weight gain and hypoglycaemia. In the absence of head-to-head trials, an indirect comparison of the once-daily insulin detemir with insulin glargine...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Fakhoury W,Lockhart I,Kotchie RW,Aagren M,LeReun C

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three synthetic peptides, urotensin I, sauvagine and ovine CRF, have less than 50% sequence homology. In the dog, all three produce selective mesenteric dilation, which appears to be solely responsible for a decrease in peripheral resistance and systemic arterial blood pressure. Urotensin I and sauvagine were found to...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： MacCannell KL,Lederis K,Hamilton PL,Rivier J

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Black Swiss (BS) mice were shown to be an advantageous strain to model behavioral domains of mania, but to date only male mice were tested, whereas bipolar disorder (BPD) is equally prevalent in women and men. This study was therefore designed to examine the possibility of using both male and female BS mice in future ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Ene HM,Kara NZ,Einat H

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of bepridil on the low voltage-activated T-type Ca2+ channel (CaV3.2) current stably expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells were examined using patch-clamp techniques. Bepridil potently inhibited ICa,T with a markedly voltage-dependent manner; the IC50 of bepridil was 0.4 micromol/l at the holding...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Uchino T,Lee TS,Kaku T,Yamashita N,Noguchi T,Ono K

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms underlying the fade of the tetanic contraction induced by pancuronium were studied in vitro by means of myographical and electrophysiological techniques in the extensor digitorum longus muscle of the rat. Pancuronium (0.5 mumol/l) induced a complete fade of the tetanic contraction while leaving the twit...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Gallacci M,Oliveira AC

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene knockout mice have proven to be very useful in understanding the role of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in chemical toxicity and carcinogenesis. The combination of gene knockout technology with transgenic mouse technology should provide more versatile and suitable animal models to study the risks of chemical exp...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Kimura S,Gonzalez FJ

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:Superfluous reactive nitrogen and oxygen species generation is implicated in the damage of tissues at sites of inflammation where activated neutrophils and macrophages are involved. This study was conducted to investigate whether the beneficial effects of carvedilol involve modulation of respiratory burst, degranul...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Pecivová J,Macicková T,Lojek A,Gallova L,Cíz M,Nosál' R,Holománová D

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cassia angustifolia L. (senna) is traditionally used as a laxative. Its major components are sennosides that are responsible for the laxative effect. Senna is recommended for the short-term treatment of acute constipation. Nevertheless people use its preparations as self-medication, often for long periods, t...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Vitalone A,Di Giacomo S,Di Sotto A,Franchitto A,Mammola CL,Mariani P,Mastrangelo S,Mazzanti G

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:L-Carnitine (oral route) significantly corrects the muscle hypocontractility and hypoexcitability induced in the rat after 5 consecutive days of fasting. This effect is interpreted on the basis of the dual role of L-carnitine as cofactor in the transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria and as a detoxif...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Pierrefiche G,Reynier M,Laborit H

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tacrine (THA) selectively modulates binding of M1 ligands in an allosteric fashion causing positive cooperativity. The binding affinity of THA to M1 and M2 cholinoceptors is similar. It is therefore proposed that the allosteric selectivity of THA is a function of the binding site and not of THA itself. Its interaction...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Szilagyi M,Lau WM

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the rabbit, intracerebroventricular administration of dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBC) produces fever which is selectively antagonised by phenoxybenzamine. This indicates the involvement of central alpha-adrenoceptors in DBC-induced fever. The decrease in DBC hyperthermia after 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OH-DA) supports the vi...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Kandasamy SB

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution pattern of (-)-3H-dihydroalprenolol (3H-DHA) binding sites within the thoracic and abdominal aorta was studied using a histoautoradiographic technique. Frozen sections of rabbit aorta were incubated with 3H-DHA in the presence or absence of 1 mumol/l (-)-propranolol and of increasing concentrations of...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Amenta F,Cavallotti C,De Rossi M

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was performed to investigate the effect of muscimol on morphine-induced hyperactivity, reverse tolerance and postsynaptic dopamine receptor supersensitivity in mice. A single administration of morphine induced hyperactivity as measured in mice, and the morphine-induced hyperactivity was inhibited dose-depen...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Yoon IS,Kim HS,Hong JT,Lee MK,Oh KW

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Opioid antagonists have been shown to prevent the occurrence of lethal arrhythmias following coronary reperfusion. In this study, we have examined the effect of a new, long-lasting, potent opioid antagonist, nalmefene, and congeners in the prevention of reperfusion arrhythmias in dogs. Nalmefene given at a dose of 1 m...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Caldwell RW,Nagarajan R,Chryssanthis A,Tuttle RR

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide has been shown to decrease myocardial contractility and O2 consumption. This study was designed to evaluate the hypothesis that nitric oxide-mediated increases in cyclic GMP require elevated cyclic AMP to produce cardiac depression. Using isolated, Langendorff-perfused rat hearts, we determined the effect...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Weiss HR,Sadoff JD,Scholz PM,Klabunde RE

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A calcitonin preparation derived from porcine thyroid glands exhibited potentiating activity on the steroidogenic action not only on ACTH-(1-24) but also of ACTH-(1-18) in isolated rat adrenal cells in vitro. This activity was demonstrated in various molecular weight fractions resulting from gel filtration of the prep...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Iida S,Itoh Y,Moriwaki K

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous investigations demonstrated that CYP2D16 was expressed at high levels in guinea pig adrenal microsomes. The studies presented here were done to determine whether adrenal metabolism of bufuralol (BUF), a model CYP2D substrate, was similar to that in the liver. Guinea pig adrenal microsomes converted BUF to 1'-...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Colby HD,Nowak DM,Longhurst PA,Zhang X,Hayes JR,Voigt JM

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In anesthetized rats intravenously infused, norepinephrine (NE) was accumulated by the heart, the spleen and the lung in a dose-related manner. With the lower dose of NE (2.5 mg/kg) the organ/blood ratios were more than unity and were generally greater than with higher doses (5 and 10 mg/kg), indicating that accumulat...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Sivaramakrishna N,Gulati OD

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00