Carnitine action on neuromuscular disturbances in the fasting rat: potentiation by L-lysine.

abstract：:The pregnane X receptor (PXR/NR1I2) gene is a master regulator for a number of cytochrome P450s (CYPs) and drug transporters. This study aimed to detect the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the PXR gene in Han Chinese (n = 186) and to compare the frequencies of polymorphisms of the PXR gene with those in Cauc...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Wang XD,Deng XY,Chen J,Li JL,Chen X,Zhao LZ,Lu Y,Chowbay B,Su QB,Huang M,Zhou SF

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:Vaginismus is characterized by recurrent or persistent involuntary contraction of the perineal muscles surrounding the outer third of the vagina when penile, finger, tampon, or speculum penetration is attempted. Recent results have suggested the use of botulinum toxin for the treatment of vaginismus. He...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Ferreira JR,Souza RP

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aims of the present study were to investigate the pharmacological effects induced by Tityus serrulatus venom (TsV) and its fractions and to compare with the effects induced by pure alpha (TsTX-V) and beta (TsTX-I) toxins isolated from TsV on rat retractor penis muscle (RPM). TsV, fractions X, XI, XIIa, XIIb (0.01-...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Bomfim JH,de Godoy MA,Giglio JR,de Oliveira AM,Arantes EC

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) detoxify diverse electrophilic chemicals, including anticancer drugs. Containing at least 100 microM total GST, the adult rat liver has abundant alpha and mu class GST isoenzymes. We utilized primary cultured rat hepatocytes, maintained in chemically defined medium, to examine direct ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Grgurevich S,Greene FE

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was carried out to test bioequivalence between two different oral desmopressin formulations. Sixty healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study and were randomly assigned to receive the test (T) and reference (R) drug in a two-period two-sequence, crossover, analyst-blinded study design. Subjects re...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Kaehler ST,Steiner IM,Sauermann R,Scheidl H,Mueller M,Joukhadar C

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution pattern of (-)-3H-dihydroalprenolol (3H-DHA) binding sites within the thoracic and abdominal aorta was studied using a histoautoradiographic technique. Frozen sections of rabbit aorta were incubated with 3H-DHA in the presence or absence of 1 mumol/l (-)-propranolol and of increasing concentrations of...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Amenta F,Cavallotti C,De Rossi M

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previously published data from this laboratory on the urinary excretion of 3-hydroxymethyl antipyrine (one of the major metabolites of antipyrine in man) have to be reconsidered, because of use of an impure reference substance in the high-pressure liquid chromatographic assay method. Comparison with newly synthesized,...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Danhof M,Teunissen MW,Breimer DD

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metformin is a widely used antidiabetic agent that is generally considered safe. However, metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA), though not common, occurs from time to time and results in significantly high mortality. A series of 23 MALA cases in a local major hospital in Hong Kong is reported in this article to...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Yeung CW,Chung HY,Fong BM,Tsai NW,Chan WM,Siu TS,Tam S,Tsui SH

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protective influence of verapamil upon ouabain-induced cardiac arrhythmias was investigated in anesthetized (alpha-chloralose 60 mg/kg and urethane 500 mg/kg) open-chest guinea pigs. Verapamil in doses between 100 and 150 micrograms/kg significantly increased (80-90%) the dose of ouabain, necessary to cause ventricula...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Khatter JC,Navaratnam S,Hoeschen RJ

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of sodium rhein on contractile activity and fluid flow in the rat complete large intestine was studied in vitro. Contractile activity was recorded using serosal strain gauges and volume transducers recorded distal fluid flow from the segment. Luminal sodium rhein (1 mM) produced a protracted increase in cae...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Rumsey RD,Squires PE,Read NW

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Incubation of rat brain homogenates or 14,500 g pellet isolated from the homogenate with (14C)-mescaline was associated with accumulation of (14C)-mescaline in the pellet. 1.33 mumol/ml of chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine, fluphenazine, imipramine, desmethylimipramine, nortriptyline and amitriptyline inhibited the accu...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Shah NS,Gulati OD

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In isolated perfused rat hearts with coronary occlusion and reperfusion, the effect of adenosine antagonists on the release of adenosine and its degradation products inosine, hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric acid was investigated. An antagonist with high selectivity for the A1 receptor, 8-phenyltheophylline, was applie...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Bernauer W

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is expressed on Th2 cells, found in inflamed tissues of allergic diseases, and is therefore suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases by controlling Th2 cell migration into inflamed tissues. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Sato T,Komai M,Iwase M,Kobayashi K,Tahara H,Ohshima E,Arai H,Miki I

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) after cyclooxygenase inhibition (COI) is well documented in the dog, but the site of vasoconstriction to chemically distinct cyclooxygenase inhibitors is largely unknown. The purpose of the present study was to examine and compare equimolar concentrations of three che...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Endrédi J,el-Kashef HA,Hofman WF,Ehrhart IC

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N-Tosyl-L-phenylalanyl-chloromethyl ketone (TPCK) is neuroprotective in rat pups. We measured bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 to determine the mechanisms. Seven-day-old rats had the right carotid artery ligated and were subjected to 2.5 h of 8% oxygen. Ten mg/kg of PTCK or vehicle was given intraperitoneally 15 min prior to ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Feng Y,LeBlanc MH

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of mitemcinal (GM-611) on the gastrointestinal contractile activity were investigated using chronically implanted force transducers in conscious dogs and were compared with the effects of porcine motilin (pMTL), EM-523 and EM-574. In the interdigestive state, intravenous and oral administration of mitemcin...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Ozaki K,Yogo K,Sudo H,Onoma M,Kamei K,Akima M,Koga H,Itoh Z,Omura S,Takanashi H

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Angiogenesis is usually driven by inflammation. Matrix metalloproteinases MMP-3 and MMP-9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 are implicated in vascular remodeling. TIMP-2 exhibits antiangiogenic properties. Statins show benefits that are additional to lipid lowering including pro- ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Siddiqui AJ,Gustafsson T,Sylven C,Crisby M

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to assess whether moderate hypoxia affects the disposition of diltiazem. Six male beagle dogs received diltiazem (0.6 mg/kg) on three occasions: (1) while breathing air, i.e. during normoxia; (2) 1 h after initiating exposure to a FiO2 of 0.08, a FiCO2 of 0.035 and a FiN2 of 0.885, i.e. durin...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： du Souich P,Hartemann D,Saunier C

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of probenecid on the plasma protein binding of methotrexate (MTX) has been examined in vitro. At concentrations greater than or equal to 5 x 10(-4) M, probenecid caused a significant reduction (greater than 30%) in the plasma binding of MTX. It is suggested that in vivo this would lead to a greater dispersi...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Paxton JW

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on their anabolic properties in skeletal muscles, beta-adrenergic agonists are of interest as potential countermeasures to microgravity-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. The levels of clenbuterol (Cb), a beta(2)-adrenergic agonist, in both plasma and skeletal muscle were higher in hindlimb-suspended rats than in ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： von Deutsch DA,Abukhalaf IK,Wineski LE,Roper RR,Aboul-Enein HY,Paulsen DF,Potter DE

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:86Rb efflux assay was used to investigate the effect of cromakalim, pinacidil and P1075 in guinea pig urinary bladder strips. The type of K channel opened by cromakalim and pinacidil was determined using specific K channel blockers through 86Rb efflux assay in detrusor strips. Cromakalim, pinacidil and P1075 all three...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Trivedi S,Stetz S,Levin R,Li J,Kau S

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-administration of either nicotine (NIC) or ethanol (ETH) has been extensively studied. This study addressed for the first time the self-administration of both substances when offered together. Male and female rats of different ages were offered NIC and ETH using the two- or three-bottle free-choice method. When N...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Marshall CE,Dadmarz M,Hofford JM,Gottheil E,Vogel WH

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of alpha-adrenergic agonists on 45Ca efflux from slices of rat liver were studied and the results compared to earlier studies on the rabbit aorta. Norepinephrine and phenylephrine (PE) cause a stimulation of 45Ca efflux which was due to alpha 1-receptor activation. The mitochondrial uncoupler dinitrophenol...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Lynch CJ,Deth RC

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Centhaquin is a centrally acting hypotensive drug like clonidine. Clonidine also produces analgesia and hypothermia in mice and potentiates morphine analgesia. Clonidine analgesia is blocked by idazoxan and naloxone while it is potentiated by BQ123 and sulfisoxazole. This study was conducted to determine the...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Andurkar SV,Gulati A

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was designed to determine whether pyrazinoylguanidine (PZG) can attenuate diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced within 1 week after a single intraperitoneal dose of STZ (45 mg/kg in 0.05 mol/l sodium citrate buffer). Diabetic rats were divided into five gro...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Follansbee MH,Beyer KH Jr,Griffith JW,Vesell ES

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of trichostatin A (TSA) on cervical cancer and the related mechanisms. METHODS:The HeLa and Caski cervical cancer cell lines were treated with different concentrations of TSA. Cell viability was measured by MTT assays. Cell apoptosis was analysed using flo...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Liu JH,Cao YM,Rong ZP,Ding J,Pan X

更新日期：2020-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common type of dementia and has become a major public health challenge as the global population ages. VaD is caused by cerebrovascular disease, and most patients with VaD have been reported to also have Alzheimer's pathologies, which is the formation of neurofibrillary tangle...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Shi R,Zheng CB,Wang H,Rao Q,Du T,Bai C,Xiao C,Dai Z,Zhang C,Chen C,Li X,Tian M,Yu X,Ji B,Weng Z,Yang W

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an important component of the extracellular matrix of prostate cells. Platelet-derived growth factor bb (PDGFbb) has a mitogenic effect on prostate stromal cells. The effect of PDGFbb on HA production by smooth muscle cells from normal and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissue was studied t...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Pullen M,Thomas K,Wu H,Nambi P

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Serotonin-depleting lesions of midbrain raphe (extensive lesions located within dorsal and partly median raphe muclei) induced intraspecific agressiveness in grouped Wistar male rats but failed to increase mouse-killing behaviour. Rats which had lesions in the lateral midbrain did not display intraspecific aggression ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Kostowski W,Cxlonkowski A,Markowdka L,Markiewicz L

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Poncirus fructus (PF), also known as the dried immature fruit of Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf., has long been used as a cure for the treatment of various gastrointestinal disorders in eastern Asia. Recently, it was reported that naringin, a flavonoid constituent of the PF extract, causes the acti...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Jang Y,Kim TK,Shim WS

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00