abstract：:The treatment of acute ischemic stroke is one of the most rapidly evolving areas in medicine. Like all ischemic vascular emergencies, the priority is reperfusion before irreversible infarction. The central nervous system is sensitive to brief periods of hypoperfusion, making stroke a golden hour diagnosis. Although th...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Siket MS,Cadena R

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pediatric cardiac arrest is a relatively rare but devastating presentation in infants and children. In contrast to adult patients, in whom a primary cardiac dysrhythmia is the most likely cause of cardiac arrest, pediatric patients experience cardiovascular collapse most frequently after an initial respiratory arrest....

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Mick NW,Williams RJ

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Academic emergency departments (EDs) play a vital role in provision of emergency care and contribute to training of resident physicians. Academic EDs also generate innovations and discoveries through clinical research within academic medical centers. However, academic EDs face challenges when initiating operational pr...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Vinton D,Sanchez LD

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emergency department crowding is a multifactorial issue with causes intrinsic to the emergency department and to the health care system. Understanding that the causes of emergency department crowding span this continuum allows for a more accurate analysis of its effects and a more global consideration of potential sol...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Kenny JF,Chang BC,Hemmert KC

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the number of advanced practice providers has grown in emergency medicine, establishment of guidelines and policies governing their practice has become increasingly important. This article addresses the scope of practice of physician assistants and nurse practitioners working in the emergency department, including ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Clark A,Amanti C,Sheng AY

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many orthopedic injuries can have hidden risks that result in increased liability for the emergency medicine practitioner. It is imperative that emergency medicine practitioners consider the diagnoses of compartment syndrome, high-pressure injury, spinal epidural abscess, and tendon lacerations in the right patient. C...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Bond MC,Willis GC

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urinary retention is a common problem encountered in the emergency department. Acute urinary retention (AUR) presents as a sudden inability to voluntarily void, and is typically associated with lower abdominal pain. Its etiology can be varied and multifactorial. Treatment of AUR aims to relieve the obstruction and mit...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Billet M,Windsor TA

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanically ventilated patients can experience significant pain and anxiety associated with their care. These symptoms should be aggressively treated, but can be challenging to manage without a systematic approach. This article reviews recent literature, current guidelines, and best practices in managing pain, agitat...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Noel C,Mallemat H

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite recent advances, care of the post-cardiac arrest patient remains a challenge. In this article, the authors discuss an approach to the initial care of post-cardiac arrest patients with particular focus on targeted temperature management (TTM). The article starts with history, physiologic rationale, and the majo...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Walker AC,Johnson NJ

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bleeding in late-term pregnancy can present as an innocuous start to parturition or a catastrophic maternal-fetal hemorrhage masked by the physiologic adaptations of pregnancy. The emergency management of late-term bleeding can be challenging, especially when providing stabilizing care in a limited-resource environmen...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Young JS,White LM

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soft tissue disorders of the mouth encompass a wide expanse of pathophysiology. This article focuses on the identification, etiology, management, and complications of common infectious processes (candidiasis, dental caries, and herpes labialis), inflammatory lesions (sialolithiasis, oral lichen planus, and aphthous ul...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Diebold S,Overbeck M

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The emergency department (ED) presents unique challenges to infection control and prevention. Hand hygiene, transmission-based precautions, environmental cleaning, high-level disinfection and sterilization of reusable medical devices, and prevention of health care-associated infections (catheter-associated urinary tra...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Liang SY,Riethman M,Fox J

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Central nervous system (CNS) infections require early recognition and aggressive management to improve patient survival and prevent long-term neurologic sequelae. Although early detection and treatment are important in many infectious syndromes, CNS infections pose unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The non...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Jain R,Chang WW

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurologic complications are unfortunately common in oncology patients, with many presenting to the emergency department for diagnosis and management. This case-based review provides a brief overview of the key points in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of 2 oncologic central nervous system emergencies: mali...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Dubbs SB,Honasoge AP

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pediatric mechanical ventilation is first initiated by emergency physicians when performing active airway management in a critically ill or injured child. When initiating and adjusting mechanical ventilation, the child has unique anatomy and physiology to consider. The EP is the first to respond to ventilator alarm tr...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Pacheco GS,Mendelson J,Gaspers M

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pediatric patients with trauma pose unique challenges, both practical and cognitive, to front-line care providers. The combination of anatomic, physiologic, and metabolic factors leads to unique injury patterns with different approaches and responses to treatment compared with adults. A similar traumatic mechanism can...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Mikrogianakis A,Grant V

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a neurologic emergency due to bleeding into the subarachnoid space. Mortality can reach 50%. The clinical presentation is most often in the form of headache, classically defined as maximal at onset and worst of life. The most common cause is traumatic; approximately 80% of nontraumatic...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Long B,Koyfman A,Runyon MS

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients presenting to the emergency department with certain traumatic conditions can be managed in observation units. The evidence base supporting the use of observation units to manage injured patients is smaller than the evidence base supporting the management of medical conditions in observation units. The conditi...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Caspers CG

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Venomous aquatic animals are hazardous to swimmers, surfers, divers, and fishermen. Exposures include mild stings, bites, abrasions, and lacerations. Severe envenomations can be life threatening. This article reviews common marine envenomations, exploring causative species, clinical presentation, and current treatment...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Hornbeak KB,Auerbach PS

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Resuscitation goals for the patient with sepsis and septic shock are to return the patient to a physiologic state that promotes adequate end-organ perfusion along with matching metabolic supply and demand. Ideal resuscitation end points should assess the adequacy of tissue oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption, and b...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Greenwood JC,Orloski CJ

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sepsis is recognized by the presence of physiologic and laboratory changes that reflect the inflammatory response to infection on cellular and systemic levels. Comorbid conditions, such as cirrhosis, end-stage renal disease, and obesity, alter patients' susceptibility to infection and their response to it once present...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Borloz MP,Hamden KE

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The definition of a transient ischemic attack (TIA) has evolved over the past decade from a clinical diagnosis to a tissue-based definition based on neuroimaging results. TIA shares the same pathophysiology as stroke, which occurs in up to 5% of patients within 48 hours of the TIA and 10% within 90 days. This rate is ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Duca A,Jagoda A

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the geriatric population increases in the United States, there is an increase in number of visits to emergency departments for end-of-life and palliative care. This provides the emergency physician with a unique opportunity to alleviate and prevent further suffering in this vulnerable population. Competency in comm...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： McEwan A,Silverberg JZ

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aging population of the United States creates pharmaceutical challenges for the practicing emergency physician. Polypharmacy, drug-drug and drug-disease interactions, and other pharmaceutical complications from the pathophysiologic changes associated with aging need to be recognized in order to optimize outcomes i...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Welker KL,Mycyk MB

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with human immunodeficiency virus, those who are posttransplant, and those undergoing chemotherapy are populations who are immunocompromised and present to the emergency department with abdominal pain related to their disease processes, opportunistic infections, and complications of treatment. Emergency depar...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： McKean J,Ronan-Bentle S

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epigastric pain is an extremely common complaint in the emergency department and has an associated broad differential diagnosis. In the differential it is important to consider cardiac causes that may be mistaken for gastrointestinal disorders as well as various serious intra-abdominal causes. This article highlights ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Robinson P,Perkins JC Jr

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute dyspnea in older patients is a common presentation to the emergency department. Acute dyspnea in older adults is often the consequence of multiple overlapping disorders, such as pneumonia precipitating acute heart failure. Emergency physicians must be comfortable managing patients with acute dyspnea of uncertain...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Tyler K,Stevenson D

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, health care providers have sounded the call that the US mental health system is in crisis. With decreases in funding and eroding access to care, the availability of psychiatric services has become increasingly limited, failing to meet growing needs. This article provides a brief history of mental heal...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Halmer TC,Beall RC,Shah AA,Dark C

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acutely agitated or psychotic patients are particularly challenging to manage in the emergency department. Often these patients present with little or no history, and an adequate assessment may initially be difficult because of the condition of the patient. This article discusses basic concepts regarding agitation, an...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Deal N,Hong M,Matorin A,Shah AA

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Critically ill patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) often seem well, but they can decompensate dramatically in a short time. PH has several causes, classes, and complications; but the natural progression eventually leads to right ventricular failure, which can be extraordinarily difficult to manage. The purpose o...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Greenwood JC,Spangler RM

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Orthopedic injuries in children are unique when compared to those of adults because of the physiologic differences, especially the growth plates, stronger periosteum, and dynamic state of growth. The approach to the orthopedically injured child requires a gentle yet thorough focus with consideration of the growth plat...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Thornton MD,Della-Giustina K,Aronson PL

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preparation for, and response to, hazardous materials emergencies requires both preplanning and just-in-time information management. The development of an emergency operations plan and a hazardous materials incident response plan involves many steps and implicates numerous resources: institutional, governmental, and p...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Borron SW

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxidromes aid emergency care providers in the context of the patient presenting with suspected poisoning, unexplained altered mental status, unknown hazardous materials or chemical weapons exposure, or the unknown overdose. The ability to capture an adequate chemical exposure history and to recognize toxidromes may r...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Tomassoni AJ,French RN,Walter FG

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Respiratory failure is a frequent disease process encountered in the emergency department. There is significant need for improvement in the care of patients on mechanical ventilation. If not contraindicated, lung-protective ventilation strategies should be used. It is important to consider pathophysiology (shunting, d...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Wright BJ

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with complications of chemotherapy, either acute or chronic, are frequently encountered in the emergency department (ED). Some patients present with complaints immediately after chemotherapy administration, whereas others may show subtle, secondary signs or may have no signs or symptoms of chemotoxicity. An i...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Young JS,Simmons JW

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acid-base disorders should be considered a process with the goal being to treat the patient and the underlying condition, not the numbers. A good understanding of the normal acid-base regulation in the body, as well as the most common derangements can prepare the emergency physician for this very common disorder that ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Rice M,Ismail B,Pillow MT

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adverse cardiovascular events comprise a large portion of the morbidity and mortality in drug overdose emergencies. Adverse cardiovascular events encountered by emergency physicians treating poisoned patients include myocardial injury, hemodynamic compromise with shock, tachydysrhythmias, and cardiac arrest. Early sig...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Jang DH,Spyres MB,Fox L,Manini AF

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fever is the most common reason that children and infants are brought to emergency departments. Emergency physicians face the challenge of quickly distinguishing benign from life-threatening conditions. The management of fever in children is guided by the patient's age, immunization status, and immune status as well a...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Wing R,Dor MR,McQuilkin PA

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pediatric asthma is a disease that is managed across outpatient physicians, hospitalists, critical care physicians, and emergency department (ED) physicians. Scoring systems may facilitate a rapid assessment of the child with asthma in the ED. Short-acting beta agonists are still the mainstay of therapy for acute exac...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Kline-Krammes S,Patel NH,Robinson S

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Earache, a common emergency department presentation, may be caused by a variety of conditions, some distant from the ear. This article discusses the diagnosis and treatment of acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion, otitis externa, otitis media with ruptured tympanic membrane or tympanostomy tubes, malignant o...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Conover K

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00