Abstract：
:Central nervous system (CNS) infections require early recognition and aggressive management to improve patient survival and prevent long-term neurologic sequelae. Although early detection and treatment are important in many infectious syndromes, CNS infections pose unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The nonspecific signs and symptoms at presentation, lack of characteristic infectious changes in laboratory and imaging diagnostics, and closed anatomic and immunologically sequestered space each present challenges to the emergency physician. This article proposes an approach to the clinical evaluation of patients with suspected CNS infection and highlights methods of diagnosis, treatment, and complications associated with CNS infections.
journal_name
Emerg Med Clin North Amjournal_title
Emergency medicine clinics of North Americaauthors
Jain R,Chang WWdoi
10.1016/j.emc.2018.06.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-11-01 00:00:00pages
711-722issue
4eissn
0733-8627issn
1558-0539pii
S0733-8627(18)30056-7journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:There are several significant problems encountered in treating the assault victim in the Emergency Department setting. In a busy Emergency Department, the patient who has been assaulted may be prioritized behind other patients with more significant life-threatening illnesses or injuries. The delay in treatment that en...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Defibrillation has emerged as the single most effective intervention for resuscitation of patients from cardiac arrest. This article reviews the electrophysiologic basis of defibrillation, and ways to increase the effectiveness of counter-shocks, particularly for refractory ventricular fibrillation. Automatic implanta...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pediatric mechanical ventilation is first initiated by emergency physicians when performing active airway management in a critically ill or injured child. When initiating and adjusting mechanical ventilation, the child has unique anatomy and physiology to consider. The EP is the first to respond to ventilator alarm tr...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2017.12.008
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pain, swelling, and limited range of motion of a joint are extremely common complaints in the emergency department. In assessing joint complaints it is helpful for the emergency physician to keep in mind the major categories of diagnostic possibilities; it is also useful to distinguish between chronic and acute proble...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This issue of the Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America focuses on the spectrum of public health issues that significantly impact the practice of emergency medicine and which are faced by practicing emergency physicians on daily basis. Topics include public health research in the emergency department; respirator...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2006.06.012
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the most common problems facing the emergency department physician is the management of bite wounds. Therapy for these common injuries is ill-defined and often controversial. This article outlines treatment guidelines for the emergency physician for dog bites, cat bites, rabies, snake bites, and human bites. ...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapid response systems (RRS) are both intuitive and supported by data, but the institution of an RRS is not a panacea for in-hospital cardiac arrest or unexpected deaths. RRS implementation should be one component of an institution-wide effort to improve patient safety that includes adequate nursing education and staf...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2011.09.012
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the number of advanced practice providers has grown in emergency medicine, establishment of guidelines and policies governing their practice has become increasingly important. This article addresses the scope of practice of physician assistants and nurse practitioners working in the emergency department, including ...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2020.02.007
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the past decade several new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have become available, including new formulations of some of the older medications. Understanding the pharmacokinetics of the new AEDs is important because they are primarily used for adjunctive therapy and interactions with other medications can result in ...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2010.09.004
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pregnancy produces unique physical and physiologic changes. These changes alter, sometimes significantly, the presentation of trauma pathology. This article examines some of the unusual findings and controversies surrounding injury during pregnancy. ...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxic overdose can present with various clinical signs and symptoms. These may be the only clues to diagnosis when the cause of toxicity is unknown at the time of initial assessment. The prognosis and clinical course of recovery of a patient poisoned by a specific agent depends largely on the quality of care delivered...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2007.02.004
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, also known as primary HIV infection, is the initial phase of infection, spanning from inoculation to the establishment of CD4 count and viral load set points. This phase is marked by dynamic changes in viral replication and host immune responses and contains 2 import...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2010.01.002
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pediatric cardiac arrest is a relatively rare but devastating presentation in infants and children. In contrast to adult patients, in whom a primary cardiac dysrhythmia is the most likely cause of cardiac arrest, pediatric patients experience cardiovascular collapse most frequently after an initial respiratory arrest....
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2020.06.007
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews some common illnesses and conditions that prompt traveling patients to seek medical care in the emergency department in the United States. It also presents an emergency department approach to the initial diagnosis and treatment of travelers who are experiencing adverse side effects from pretravel ...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70295-9
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness associated with inability to maintain postural tone followed by spontaneous recovery and return to baseline neurologic status. Global cerebral hypoperfusion is the final pathway common to all presentations of syncope, but this symptom presentation has a broad differ...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2010.03.014
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Emergency thoracotomy is a valuable therapeutic modality for the moribund patient when trauma is the cause of the shock state. It is a procedure that requires an understanding of the technique and indications and should be instituted based on the indications listed above. There is probably no reason to do this procedu...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epigastric pain is an extremely common complaint in the emergency department and has an associated broad differential diagnosis. In the differential it is important to consider cardiac causes that may be mistaken for gastrointestinal disorders as well as various serious intra-abdominal causes. This article highlights ...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2015.12.012
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patient satisfaction is an integral component of the measurement of health care quality. Proper attention to patient complaints is one part of a patient satisfaction management strategy aimed at revealing and alleviating the causes of patient dissatisfaction. ...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous surgical complications arise from parenteral drug use. Some complications have severe sequelae and most prove to be a diagnostic challenge. It is likely that these problems will remain a significant burden on the health care system as a result of continued widespread drug abuse. EPs must always maintain vigil...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8627(03)00068-3
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A thorough working knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of life-threatening electrolyte abnormalities in cancer patients, especially hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, and hypercalcemia, is essential to the successful practice of emergency medicine. Although most minor abnormalities have no specific treatment, severe cli...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2009.01.007
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxidromes aid emergency care providers in the context of the patient presenting with suspected poisoning, unexplained altered mental status, unknown hazardous materials or chemical weapons exposure, or the unknown overdose. The ability to capture an adequate chemical exposure history and to recognize toxidromes may r...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2014.09.004
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dissections of the carotid and vertebral arteries are a common cause of stroke in young adults. The diagnosis may be missed because the typical signs and symptoms are often delayed in onset, or easily confused with other more commonly encountered entities. Dissections of the carotid and vertebral arteries may occur sp...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70325-4
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The acute exacerbation of HF can be treated successfully in the OU. There are significant benefits, such as admission avoidance, decreased 90-day readmissions, and decreased costs. HF requires a comprehensive management program with extensive involvement from a multidisciplinary team committed to improving care for th...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70176-0
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sepsis is recognized by the presence of physiologic and laboratory changes that reflect the inflammatory response to infection on cellular and systemic levels. Comorbid conditions, such as cirrhosis, end-stage renal disease, and obesity, alter patients' susceptibility to infection and their response to it once present...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2016.08.006
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sudden cardiac death is one of the leading causes of death and a major public health problem that particularly affects the elderly. Sudden cardiac death may be a terminal event after a prolonged debilitating and painful illness, or it may occur following many years of symptoms related to a cardiac disorder; however, i...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70023-7
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathophysiology of esophageal and gastric disorders is complicated and broad and includes iatrogenic, structural, inflammatory, neuromuscular, neoplastic, and infectious causes. Symptoms can be nonspecific and are often initially attributed to cardiac or respiratory causes. These disorders have both acute and chro...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2011.01.007
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The emergency department (ED) presents unique challenges to infection control and prevention. Hand hygiene, transmission-based precautions, environmental cleaning, high-level disinfection and sterilization of reusable medical devices, and prevention of health care-associated infections (catheter-associated urinary tra...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2018.06.013
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clearly, a multitude of potential consent problems can exist for the emergency physician. It is difficult at times to balance the concepts of patient autonomy with the desire to provide optimal medical care. Experienced emergency physicians should be able to individualize the type of consent needed in a particular sit...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute stroke care is a multidisciplinary effort. It crosses the boundaries of traditional hospital-based medicine, relying heavily on prehospital providers to obtain a significant amount of clinical information. Currently, modifications of existing EMS systems are underway to support the idea that "time is brain." Dis...
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8627(02)00011-1
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interrelationships between biomedical ethics and the law are perhaps nowhere as starkly apparent as in the realm of medical malpractice. Although ethical and legal conduct and practices are often in harmony, in many areas ethical principles and the issues surrounding medical liability appear to come into conflict....
journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.emc.2006.05.017
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
