解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:BACKGROUND:Understanding immune mechanisms, particularly the role of innate immune markers during latent TB infection remains elusive. The main objective of this study was to evaluate mRNA gene expression patterns of toll-like receptors (TLRs) as correlates of immunity during latent TB infection and further infer their...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-021-00400-4
更新日期:2021-01-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Brucellar spondylitis (BS) is one of the most serious complications of brucellosis. CXCR3 is closely related to the severity of disease infection. This research aimed to study the degree of BS inflammatory damage through analyzing the expression levels of CXCR3 and its ligands (CXCL9 and CXCL10) in patients with BS...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-020-00390-9
更新日期:2020-11-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized particles secreted by most cells. EVs carry nucleic acids that hold promise as potential biomarkers in various diseases. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infects CD4+ T cells and induces immune dysfunction, inflammation, and EV secretion, but little is kno...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-020-00386-5
更新日期:2020-11-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Early detection of capecitabine-resistance could largely increase overall survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Previous studies suggested examination of immune cells in peripheral blood would help to predict efficacy of chemotherapy. METHODS:We examined the immunological characteristics of peripher...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-020-00375-8
更新日期:2020-08-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Immunophenotyping of blood lymphocytes is an essential tool to evaluate the immune function of patients with immunodeficiency or autoimmunity. Predominately identified CD4+T cell subsets, Th1, Th2, Th17, as well as regulatory T (Treg) cells, play crucial roles in several immunological and pathological condit...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-020-00374-9
更新日期:2020-08-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent studies have shown that early growth response 2 (EGR2) is highly induced in activated T cells and regulates T cell functions. In normal C57BL/6 (B6) mice, deletion of EGR2 in lymphocytes results in the development of lupus-like systemic autoimmune disease, which implies indirectly an autoimmune protec...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-020-00370-z
更新日期:2020-07-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) present a significant obstacle to cancer immunotherapy because they dampen anti-tumor cytotoxic T cell responses. Previous groups, including our own, have reported on the myelo-depletive effects of certain chemotherapy agents. We have shown previously that decitabine ...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-020-0337-5
更新日期:2020-02-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vascular calcification is often associated with chronic inflammation and is a risk factor for brain arterial stiffness. Our previous results showed that miR32-5p was positively correlated with vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) calcification, but it is unclear whether miR32-5p promoted VSMC calcification by...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-019-0324-x
更新日期:2020-01-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is one of the most complex complications after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Current standard of grading system is based on clinical symptoms in skin, liver and intestinal. However, it's difficult to differ GVHD and its extent just by clinical manifestation. Here we r...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-019-0326-8
更新日期:2019-12-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Myeloid cells, especially mononuclear phagocytes, which include monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DC), play vital roles in innate immunity, and in the initiation and maintenance of adaptive immunity. While T cell-associated activation pathways and cytokines have been identified and evaluated in inf...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-019-0322-z
更新日期:2019-11-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We sought to compare Pneumovax®23 responses in adults with subnormal IgG subclass concentrations. We studied adults with normal total IgG, frequent/severe respiratory infection, and subnormal IgG1, IgG3, or IgG1 + IgG3 before and after Pneumovax®23. We defined response as serotype-specific IgG > 1.3 μg/mL an...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-019-0310-3
更新日期:2019-08-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Proinflammatory genes are highly expressed in several metabolic disorders associated with obesity. But it is not clarified whether gene expression levels and downstream inflammatory markers are related to the metabolic state or the presence of obesity. Hence, the present study aimed to compare Toll-Like Rece...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-019-0303-2
更新日期:2019-07-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The adaptive immune system maintains a diversity of T cells capable of recognizing a broad array of antigens. Each T cell's specificity for antigens is determined by its T cell receptors (TCRs), which together across all T cells form a repertoire of millions of unique receptors in each individual. Although m...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-019-0300-5
更新日期:2019-06-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) plays a significant role in the clinical management of HIV infected people by preventing morbidity and mortality. This benefit becomes, the most terrible when treatment failure develops. Thus, this research aims to assess the prevalence and assoc...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-018-0278-4
更新日期:2018-12-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Down syndrome (DS) is the most common syndromic immunodeficiency with an increased risk of infection, mortality from sepsis, and autoinflammation. Innate immune function is altered in DS and therefore we examined responses in CD11b and Toll like receptor 4 (TLR-4), which are important immune cell surface mar...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-018-0270-z
更新日期:2018-11-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:While vaccination remains the most effective method to control hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, 5-10% of recipients exhibit non-responsiveness to the HB vaccine. Immunological analysis of strong, weak or absent protective antibody responses to the HB vaccine should provide insights into the mechanisms that...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-018-0263-y
更新日期:2018-07-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Besides their prominent role in the elimination of infected or malignantly transformed cells, natural killer (NK) cells serve as modulators of adaptive immune responses. Enhancing bidirectional crosstalk between NK cells and dendritic cells (DC) is considered a promising tool to potentiate cancer vaccines. W...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-018-0247-y
更新日期:2018-02-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The need for rapid and accurate comparison of panels of adjuvanted vaccine formulations and subsequent rational down selection, presents several challenges for modern vaccine development. Here we describe a method which may enable vaccine and adjuvant developers to compare antigen/adjuvant combinations in a ...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-018-0245-0
更新日期:2018-01-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The lymphatic vascular pattern in the head of mice has rarely been studied, due to problems of sectioning and immunostaining of complex bony structures. Therefore, the association of head lymphoid tissues with the lymphatics has remained unknown although the mouse is the most often used species in immunology...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-018-0242-3
更新日期:2018-01-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Some patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) also have positivity of rheumatoid factor (RF). However, the clinical significance of this occurrence remains unknown in AAV patients. The aim of this study was to clarify an association between the presence of RF and c...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-017-0234-8
更新日期:2017-12-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Non-adherence has been associated with reduced graft survival. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunological mechanisms underlying chronic renal allograft rejection using a model of non-adherence to immunosuppressive therapy. We used a MHC (major histocompatibility complex) -mismatched rat model...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-017-0236-6
更新日期:2017-12-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Macrophages are key players in the initiation, perpetuation and regulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. They largely perform these roles through modulation of the expression of genes, especially those encoding cytokines. Murine bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) are commonly used as a m...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-017-0223-y
更新日期:2017-10-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Interleukin-9 (IL-9) was reported as an active participant in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. This study aimed to investigate the major source ofIL-9 and its effect on interferon γ (IFN-γ) and immunoglobulin (Ig) secretion by B cells. METHODS:We isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from children...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-017-0220-1
更新日期:2017-07-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We have previously reported that interleukin-10 (IL-10) deficient dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen presenting cells that induced elevated protective immunity against Chlamydia. To further investigate the molecular and biochemical mechanism underlying the superior immunostimulatory property of IL-10 d...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-017-0212-1
更新日期:2017-05-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:While tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors (TNFi) and other biologics are very effective against autoimmune diseases, they can also cause infectious diseases. Therefore, it is important to clarify whether the TNFi sometimes used to treat patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) complicated with huma...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-017-0191-2
更新日期:2017-02-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The bacterial biofilm at the gingival margin induces a host immune reaction. In this local inflammation epithelial cells defend the host against bacterial challenge. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a keystone pathogen, infects epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the activatio...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-016-0185-5
更新日期:2017-01-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to characterize specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) responses in men who have sex with men (MSM) subjects infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) CRF01_AE subtype during the first year of infection and impacts on viral control and evolution. RESULTS:Fifteen HI...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-016-0166-8
更新日期:2016-08-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Inappropriate activation of T lymphocytes plays an important role in perinatal complications. However, data on T lymphocyte activation markers of preterm infants is scarce. We investigated the association between gender, gestational and postnatal age, preeclampsia (PE), premature rupture of membranes (PROM) ...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-016-0159-7
更新日期:2016-06-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Eosinophils are innate immune cells present in the intestine during steady state conditions. An intestinal eosinophilia is a hallmark of many infections and an accumulation of eosinophils is also observed in the intestine during inflammatory disorders. Classically the function of eosinophils has been associa...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-016-0153-0
更新日期:2016-05-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In genetically modified (GM) crops there is a risk that the inserted genes may introduce new allergens and/or adjuvants into the food and feed chain. The MON810 maize, expressing the insecticidal Cry1Ab toxin, is grown in many countries worldwide. In animal models, intranasal and intraperitoneal immunisation...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-016-0148-x
更新日期:2016-05-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cryopreservation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is a common and essential practice in conducting research. There are different reports in the literature as to whether cryopreserved PBMCs need to only be stored ≤ -150 °C or can be stored for a specified time at -80 °C. Therefore, we performed g...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-016-0144-1
更新日期:2016-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Regulatory CD4 T cells (Tregs) are critical in maintaining the homeostasis of the immune system. Quantitative or phenotypic alterations and functional impairment of Tregs have been associated with the development of pathologies including those of the central nervous system. Individuals with HIV-1/HTLV-1 co-i...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-015-0116-x
更新日期:2015-09-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious human health problem that affects millions of people in the world. Understanding the biology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is essential for tackling this devastating disease. Mtb possesses a very complex cell envelope containing a variety of lipid components that par...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-015-0102-3
更新日期:2015-06-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To understand the role of genetic factors on chromosome 1 in the regulation of spontaneous arthritis in mice deficient in IL-1 receptor antagonist protein (IL_1RA), we previously used speed congenic breeding to transfer the QTL region from DBA/1(-/-) mice that are resistant to spontaneous arthritis into BALB...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-014-0057-9
更新日期:2014-12-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The extracellular domains of cytokine receptors are released during inflammation, but little is known about the shedding of Toll-like receptors (TLR) and whether they can be used as diagnostic biomarkers. METHODS:The release of sTLR2 and sTLR4 was studied in in-vitro stimulations, as well as in-vivo during ...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12865-014-0055-y
更新日期:2014-11-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Interleukin 7 (IL-7) signals via the IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) and drives homeostatic T-cell proliferation in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT). PURPOSE:We performed a prospective study in adults (n = 33) and children (n = 29) undergoing aHSCT measuring plasma IL-7 and so...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2172-15-25
更新日期:2014-06-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Allergen immunotherapy (SIT) is the only treatment for allergic disease capable of modifying disease long term. To reduce the risk of anaphylaxis from SIT, allergen-extracts have been modified by polymerisation with glutaraldehyde to reduce IgE binding. It is suggested that these allergoid extracts also have...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2172-15-21
更新日期:2014-05-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Streptococcus sanguinis (S.sanguinis), a predominant bacterium in the human oral cavity, has been widely associated with the development of infective endocarditis. Platelets play both a haemostatic function and can influence both innate and adaptive immune responses. Previous studies have shown that S.sangui...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2172-15-15
更新日期:2014-04-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Symptomatic Primary Humoral Immunodeficiency Diseases (PHID) constitute a highly heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by a shared hypogammaglobulinemia, resulting in increased risk of recurrent or severe infections. Associations have been described with a variety of immunological abnormalities invol...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2172-15-13
更新日期:2014-03-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The role of M2 polarized macrophages (MΦ) during the allergic airway inflammation has been discussed in various animal models. However, their presence and relevance during the chronic and acute phase of allergic airway inflammation in humans has not been fully elucidated so far. In the present study we pheno...
journal_title:BMC immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2172-15-12
更新日期:2014-03-10 00:00:00