abstract：:Most cells respond to viral infections by activating innate immune pathways that lead to the induction of antiviral restriction factors. One such factor, viperin, was discovered almost two decades ago based on its induction during viral infection. Since then, viperin has been shown to possess activity against numerous...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Rivera-Serrano EE,Gizzi AS,Arnold JJ,Grove TL,Almo SC,Cameron CE

更新日期：2020-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite a small genome size, bats have comparable diversity of retroviral and non-retroviral endogenous sequences to other mammals. These include Class I and Class II retroviral sequences, foamy viruses, and deltaretroviruses, as well as filovirus, bornavirus, and parvovirus endogenous viral elements. Some of these en...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Skirmuntt EC,Escalera-Zamudio M,Teeling EC,Smith A,Katzourakis A

更新日期：2020-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The conduct of clinical trials during the West Africa Ebola outbreak in 2014 highlighted many ethical challenges. How these challenges were addressed, what clinical studies were conducted during that outbreak, and the lessons learned for dealing with future outbreaks were the subject of a National Academy of Medicine ...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Edwards KM,Kochhar S

更新日期：2020-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Viruses are causative agents for many diseases and infect all living organisms on the planet. Development of effective therapies has relied on our ability to isolate and culture viruses in vitro, allowing mechanistic studies and strategic interventions. While this reductionist approach is necessary, testing the releva...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Uchil PD,Haugh KA,Pi R,Mothes W

更新日期：2019-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Defective viral genomes (DVGs) are generated during viral replication and are unable to carry out a full replication cycle unless coinfected with a full-length virus. DVGs are produced by many viruses, and their presence correlates with alterations in infection outcomes. Historically, DVGs were studied for their abili...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Genoyer E,López CB

更新日期：2019-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Viruses are an important but sequence-diverse and often understudied component of the phytobiome. We succinctly review current information on how plant viruses directly affect plant health and physiology and consequently have the capacity to modulate plant interactions with their biotic and abiotic environments. Virus...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Schoelz JE,Stewart LR

更新日期：2018-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Immune responses in gene therapy with adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have been the object of almost two decades of study. Although preclinical models helped to define and predict certain aspects of interactions between the vector and the host immune system, most of our current knowledge has come from clinical tr...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Mingozzi F,High KA

更新日期：2017-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Giant viruses of amoebae were discovered serendipitously in 2003; they are visible via optical microscopy, making them bona fide microbes. Their lifestyle, structure, and genomes break the mold of classical viruses. Giant viruses of amoebae are complex microorganisms. Their genomes harbor between 444 and 2,544 genes, ...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Colson P,La Scola B,Raoult D

更新日期：2017-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:This review discusses recent progress made in developing a vaccine and novel treatments for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It highlights the shortcomings of the RV144 vaccination trial [ALVAC-HIV (vCP1521) and AIDSVAX B/E] and the current standard of care and proposes that engineered expression of broadly neutral...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Ahmad M,Ahmed OM,Schnepp B,Johnson PR

更新日期：2017-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The intrinsic properties of different viruses have driven their study. For example, the capacity for efficient productive infection of cultured cells by herpes simplex virus 1 has made it a paradigm for this mode of infection for herpesviruses in general. Epstein-Barr virus, another herpesvirus, has two properties tha...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Chiu YF,Sugden B

更新日期：2016-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The repertoire of herpesvirus receptors consists of nonintegrin and integrin molecules. Integrins interact with the conserved glycoproteins gH/gL or gB. This interaction is a conserved biology across the Herpesviridae family, likely directed to promote virus entry and endocytosis. Herpesviruses exploit this interactio...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Campadelli-Fiume G,Collins-McMillen D,Gianni T,Yurochko AD

更新日期：2016-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1970 the independent and simultaneous discovery of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses (then RNA tumor viruses) by David Baltimore and Howard Temin revolutionized molecular biology and laid the foundations for retrovirology and cancer biology. In this historical review we describe the formulation of the controver...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Coffin JM,Fan H

更新日期：2016-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, a number of phage therapy phase I and II safety trials have been concluded, showing no notable safety concerns associated with the use of phage. Though hurdles for efficient treatment remain, these trials hold promise for future phase III clinical trials. Interestingly, most phage formulations used in these ...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Vandenheuvel D,Lavigne R,Brüssow H

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Translocation of viral double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) into the icosahedral prohead shell is catalyzed by TerL, a motor protein that has ATPase, endonuclease, and translocase activities. TerL, following endonucleolytic cleavage of immature viral DNA concatemer recognized by TerS, assembles into a pentameric ring motor on ...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Rao VB,Feiss M

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endogenous retroviruses comprise millions of discrete genetic loci distributed within the genomes of extant vertebrates. These sequences, which are clearly related to exogenous retroviruses, represent retroviral infections of the deep past, and their abundance suggests that retroviruses were a near-constant presence t...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Johnson WE

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three-dimensional (3D) imaging technologies are beginning to have significant impact in the field of virology, as they are helping us understand how viruses take control of cells. In this article we review several methodologies for 3D imaging of cells and show how these technologies are contributing to the study of vi...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Risco C,de Castro IF,Sanz-Sánchez L,Narayan K,Grandinetti G,Subramaniam S

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enveloped viruses infect host cells by a membrane fusion reaction that takes place at the cell surface or in intracellular compartments following virus uptake. Fusion is mediated by the membrane interactions and conformational changes of specialized virus envelope proteins termed membrane fusion proteins. This article...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Kielian M

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal cells use a wide variety of mechanisms to slow or prevent replication of viruses. These mechanisms are usually mediated by antiviral proteins whose expression and activities can be constitutive but are frequently amplified by interferon induction. Among these interferon-stimulated proteins, members of the IFITM...

journal_title：Annual review of virology

authors： Bailey CC,Zhong G,Huang IC,Farzan M

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00