abstract：:Corneal transplant surgeries have a broad range of indications with outcomes largely dependent on surgeon experience. Traditional manual techniques have certain limitations pertaining to the preparation of donor tissue and the recipient bed that might affect the predictability of visual outcomes. Use of lasers for ker...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Deshmukh R,Stevenson LJ,Vajpayee RB

更新日期：2021-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The onset of scleral necrosis after ocular surgery may have catastrophic ocular and systemic consequences. The two most frequent surgeries causing surgically-induced scleral necrosis (SISN) are pterygium excision and cataract extraction. Several pathogenic mechanisms are involved in surgically induced scleral necrosis...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Ruiz-Lozano RE,Garza-Garza LA,Cavazos-Davila O,Foster CS,Rodriguez-Garcia A

更新日期：2021-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy eye syndrome is an important type of myopia-induced strabismus. We provide an overview of heavy eye syndrome, from its history to its most salient features. The theory of the orbital and rectus muscle pulley system as it relates to heavy eye syndrome and the prevailing theories on the pathophysiology of heavy ey...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Hennein L,Robbins SL

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endophthalmitis is a serious complication of cataract surgery that occurs in thousands of patients each year. To decrease the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis, many surgeons inject intracameral antibiotics (cefuroxime, moxifloxacin, and vancomycin) routinely at the end of surgery. A large number of recently ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Grzybowski A,Brona P,Zeman L,Stewart MW

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection (IVI) of antivascular endothelial growth factor agents and laser photocoagulation (LPC) for retinopathy of prematurity. We performed a systematic search of Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL (2005-2019). Comparative studies reporting on ocular ef...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Popovic MM,Nichani P,Muni RH,Mireskandari K,Tehrani NN,Kertes PJ

更新日期：2020-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:A two-year-old full-term boy with a history of an intermittent exotropia presented to the pediatric ophthalmology clinic for routine follow-up. He was found to have a stable sensorimotor examination however dilated funduscopic examination of the right eye was significant for a dim foveal reflex with a new discrete, wh...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Hennein L,de Alba Campomanes AG,Afshar AR,Robbins SL

更新日期：2020-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide with increasing prevalence owing to increased life expectancy. Intravitreal injections of antivascular endothelial growth factor agents are commonly used in exudative AMD and oral antioxidant medication for nonexudative AMD; how...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Paez-Escamilla M,Jhingan M,Gallagher DS,Singh SR,Fraser-Bell S,Chhablani J

更新日期：2020-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The cornea's intense innervation is responsible for corneal trophism and ocular surface hemostasis maintenance. Corneal diabetic neuropathy affects subbasal nerve plexus, with progressive alteration of nerves' morphology and density. The quantitative analysis of nerve fibers can be performed with in vivo corneal confo...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Roszkowska AM,Licitra C,Tumminello G,Postorino EI,Colonna MR,Aragona P

更新日期：2020-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin D may be implicated in the pathophysiology of several ocular diseases, but its role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains uncertain. We sought to review systematically the existing evidence to evaluate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D levels and AMD. A four-database search ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Ferreira A,Silva N,Furtado MJ,Carneiro Â,Lume M,Andrade JP

更新日期：2020-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Lamellar keratoplasty procedures have gained momentum in the field of corneal transplantation because of their inherent advantages over full-thickness penetrating keratoplasty. While penetrating keratoplasty is an open sky procedure fraught with sight-threatening intraoperative and postoperative complications, lamella...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Sharma N,Agarwal R,Jhanji V,Bhaskar S,Kamalakkannan P,Nischal KK

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cortical/cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is the most frequent cause of pediatric visual impairment in developed countries and is increasing in prevalence in developing nations. The most common underlying etiology is hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, particularly in premature children. Other causes include seizures, hy...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Chang MY,Borchert MS

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 71-year-old woman with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented with unilateral optic disc edema. Laboratory evaluations for infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic etiologies were negative. Magnetic resonance imaging of the orbits with and without contrast demonstrated enhancement and thickening of the ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Birnbaum FA,Meekins LC,Srinivasan A,Murchison AP

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Typical optic neuritis is an idiopathic demyelinating condition that is often associated with multiple sclerosis. This has been well characterized and has an excellent prognosis. Atypical optic neuritis can result from an inflammatory, infectious, or autoimmune disorder. Differentiating the two types of optic neuritis...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Abel A,McClelland C,Lee MS

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glaucoma, one of the leading causes of blindness, is usually first managed medically, with incisional surgery as a second step. Noninvasive glaucoma procedures attempt to fill the gap between medical and surgical treatments and may work synergistically with them. High-intensity focused ultrasound induces a selective a...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Posarelli C,Covello G,Bendinelli A,Fogagnolo P,Nardi M,Figus M

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress is one of the main mechanisms of lens opacification, and certain nutritional antioxidants are suspected to have a protective effect. To examine the role of these nutritional antioxidants on cataract prevention, we searched major databases and reviewed current evidence regarding the protective effect o...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Sideri O,Tsaousis KT,Li HJ,Viskadouraki M,Tsinopoulos IT

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The choroid is the vascular coat of the eye, and its role has been studied in multiple chorioretinal disorders. Recent advancements in choroidal imaging techniques, including enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography, swept source optical coherence tomography, en face optical coherence tomography, and optica...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Singh SR,Vupparaboina KK,Goud A,Dansingani KK,Chhablani J

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insertion of glaucoma drainage devices has become a mainstay in the surgical management of multiple forms of glaucoma, and the indications for this procedure continue to expand. A unique clinical challenge in the postoperative care of these devices is the hypertensive phase, a period of postoperative intraocular press...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Fargione RA,Tansuebchueasai N,Lee R,Tania Tai TY

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 74-year-old woman experienced chronic painless progressive binocular horizontal diplopia for 2 years. Initial examination showed a visual acuity of 20/20 OU. External and slit lamp examination was unremarkable. Orthoptic evaluation showed an incomitant esotropia, a small vertical strabismus, and a large degree of ex...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Gross AW,Vickers A,Lee AG,Chen JJ,Bhatti MT

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Optic nerve hemangioblastoma is a rare tumor that is usually unilateral and most commonly occurs in the context of von Hippel-Lindau disease. Differential diagnosis is based on clinical history and imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium enhancement is the most useful imaging modality as it can reveal flow...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： McGrath LA,Mudhar HS,Salvi SM

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 55-year-old man with a history of mantle cell lymphoma reported acute blurred vision in the right eye. Although initially diagnosed with acute retrobulbar optic neuritis, 3 weeks later retinal infiltrates and vitritis developed, but vitrectomy resulted negative for vitreoretinal lymphoma. Further investigation revea...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： De Simone L,Pellegrini F,Cirone D,Cimino L,Falardeau J

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Technologic improvements in cataract surgery have not only improved visual outcomes, but also have minimized intraoperative and postoperative pain. We review the mechanisms, risk factors, and management of intraoperative and postoperative pain. Summaries of less common sources of physiologic pain have been included to...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Assam JH,Bernhisel A,Lin A

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 32-year-old woman experienced dizziness and headache for 5 months. She also complained of painless, progressive bilateral visual loss for several weeks. Before developing the initial symptoms, she had an uncomplicated pregnancy except for dizziness and systemic hypotension during the first term. Fundus examination d...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Subirà O,Muñoz S,Sánchez JJ,Puyalto P,Lee AG

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a new, noninvasive imaging technique that generates real-time volumetric data on chorioretinal vasculature and its flow pattern. With the advent of high-speed optical coherence tomography, established enface chorioretinal segmentation, and efficient algorithms, OCTA g...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Sambhav K,Grover S,Chalam KV

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cataract surgery is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in many developed countries. Postoperative endophthalmitis is a rare complication with potentially devastating visual outcomes. Currently, there is no global consensus regarding antibiotic prophylaxis in cataract surgery despite growing evidence of the...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： LaHood BR,Andrew NH,Goggin M

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report a patient with left eye positional transient visual obscurations, diplopia, a left afferent pupillary defect, and optic disk edema-all occurring during pregnancy. Noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging revealed an orbital mass encasing the optic nerve and extending through the superior orbital fissure into t...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Mokhtarzadeh A,Maltry A,McClelland C

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphoma of the eyelid constitutes 5% of ocular adnexal lymphoma. In previously published cases, 56% of lymphomas of the eyelid are of B-cell origin and 44% are of T-cell origin. The most frequent B-cell lymphomas are extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (27 cases-14%) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (18 cases-9%). T-c...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Svendsen FH,Heegaard S

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drugs across many pharmacologic classes induce corneal epithelial changes. Many of these drugs have cationic amphiphilic structures, with a hydrophobic ring and hydrophilic cationic amine side chain that allow them to cross cell membranes. These drugs lead to intracellular phospholipid accumulation, often manifested i...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Raizman MB,Hamrah P,Holland EJ,Kim T,Mah FS,Rapuano CJ,Ulrich RG

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ab interno trabeculectomy with the trabectome is a microincisional glaucoma surgery modality with an electrosurgical device to ablate the trabecular meshwork and inner wall of Schlemm canal to restore conventional outflow along its physiological route, thereby decreasing intraocular pressure. The device was approved b...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Polat JK,Loewen NA

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Orbital inflammation is a response of the immune system and not a diagnosis in itself. Exposing the underlying disease introduces a labyrynthine challenge owing to the broad array of possible causes ranging from infectious, structural, autoimmune, idiopathic to neoplastic origin. In this regard, and despite its unkown...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Mombaerts I,Rose GE,Garrity JA

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large population-based health administrative databases, clinical registries, and data linkage systems are a rapidly expanding resource for health research. Ophthalmic research has benefited from the use of these databases in expanding the breadth of knowledge in areas such as disease surveillance, disease etiology, he...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Clark A,Ng JQ,Morlet N,Semmens JB

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a medium-to-large vessel vasculitis with potentially sight- and life- threatening complications. Our understanding of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of GCA has advanced rapidly in recent times. The validity of using the American College of Rheumatology guidelines for diagnosis...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Frohman L,Wong AB,Matheos K,Leon-Alvarado LG,Danesh-Meyer HV

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of retinal vasculopathy in the absence of typical predisposing factors should suggest a possible underlying hematologic abnormality. In such cases, a systemic investigation may reveal a potentially fatal hypercoagulability or hyperviscosity syndrome. Retinal vein occlusion is the most commonly encountered...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Rajagopal R,Apte RS

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since its inception in the late 1990s, corneal cross-linking has grown from an interesting concept to a primary treatment for corneal ectatic disease worldwide. Using a combination of ultraviolet-A light and a chromophore (vitamin B2, riboflavin), the cornea can be stiffened, usually with a single application, and pro...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Randleman JB,Khandelwal SS,Hafezi F

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viral conjunctivitis caused by adenovirus is the most common infectious conjunctivitis. Adenoviruses are highly contagious pathogens. The modes of transmission are mainly through hand to eye contact, ocular secretions, respiratory droplets, and contact with ophthalmic care providers and their medical instruments. The ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Jhanji V,Chan TC,Li EY,Agarwal K,Vajpayee RB

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Statue of Freedom, which sits on top of the Capitol Dome in Washington, DC, was created by Thomas Crawford. At the peak of his career in 1856, while busy completing multiple commissions for the new Capitol extensions, he developed diplopia and consulted the leading oculists of the time in Paris, Drs. Desmarres and...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Novak RF

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 30-year-old man presented with painless total visual loss in the right eye. Fundus exam and imaging was consistent with total internal carotid artery occlusion and hemispheric stroke. The presentation and management options of retinal vascular occlusive disease in association with asymptomatic stroke are discussed. ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Kleinberg TT,Uretsky S,Flanders AE,Bilyk JR,Murchison AP

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 47-year-old woman presented with a medial orbital tumor initially diagnosed as either a myxoid neurofibroma or myoepithelioma. Over 30 years the tumor recurred seven times and was serially debulked. Careful histopathologic analysis coupled with immunohistochemical studies performed on the last two biopsies establish...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Jakobiec FA,Callahan AB,Stagner AM,Lee NG,Rashid A,Mendoza P,Grove A,Freitag SK

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Corneal lymphangiogenesis is the extension of lymphatic vessels into the normally alymphatic cornea, a process that compromises the cornea's immune-privileged state and facilitates herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK). HSK results most commonly from infection by herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and is characterized by immun...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Park PJ,Chang M,Garg N,Zhu J,Chang JH,Shukla D

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is a relatively new type of laser used in treating open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and is reported to be equally efficacious to a first-line medication and argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT). We summarize available evidence for considering SLT as an alternative treatment in OAG through s...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Wong MO,Lee JW,Choy BN,Chan JC,Lai JS

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 47-year-old man presented with sudden visual loss, optic disk edema, retinal ischemia, and limited upgaze in the left eye. Initial MRI revealed thickened, enhancing left optic nerve. Extensive work-up for an inflammatory and infiltrative etiology was positive only for Borrelia burgdorferi IgM by Western blot. Six we...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Colpak AI,Isikay I,Mut M,Soylemezoglu F,Kansu T,Foroozan R

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00