解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::African swine fever virus (ASFV) can cause highly lethal disease in pigs and is becoming a global threat. ASFV DNA Polymerase X (AsfvPolX) is the most distinctive DNA polymerase identified to date; it lacks two DNA-binding domains (the thumb domain and 8-KD domain) conserved in the homologous proteins. AsfvPolX cataly...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002599
更新日期:2017-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Independently evolving populations may adapt to similar selection pressures via different genetic changes. The interactions between such changes, such as in a hybrid individual, can inform us about what course adaptation may follow and allow us to determine whether gene flow would be facilitated or hampered following ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002591
更新日期:2017-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::Signaling of the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) via its soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) is responsible for the proinflammatory properties of IL-6 and constitutes an attractive therapeutic target, but how the sIL-6R is generated in vivo remains largely unclear. Here, we use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to iden...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2000080
更新日期:2017-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::In some recent studies, a view emerged that stochastic dynamics governing the switching of cells from one differentiation state to another could be characterized by a peak in gene expression variability at the point of fate commitment. We have tested this hypothesis at the single-cell level by analyzing primary chicke...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002585
更新日期:2016-12-27 00:00:00
abstract::This speculative Essay explores the consequences of the imagined premature death of Oswald Avery, who in 1944 provided evidence that genes are made of DNA. Four imaginary alternate routes to the genetic function of DNA are outlined, each of which highlights different aspects of the actual process of discovery. ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2001197
更新日期:2016-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::During quiet resting behavior, involuntary movements are suppressed. Such movement control is attributed to cortico-basal ganglia loops, yet population dynamics within these loops during resting and their relation to involuntary movements are not well characterized. Here, we show by recording cortical and striatal ong...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002582
更新日期:2016-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Eukaryotic protein kinases regulate most cellular functions by phosphorylating targeted protein substrates through a highly conserved catalytic core. In the active state, the catalytic core oscillates between open, intermediate, and closed conformations. Currently, the intramolecular interactions that regulate the act...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2000127
更新日期:2016-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Phylosymbiosis was recently proposed to describe the eco-evolutionary pattern, whereby the ecological relatedness of host-associated microbial communities parallels the phylogeny of related host species. Here, we test the prevalence of phylosymbiosis and its functional significance under highly controlled conditions b...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2000225
更新日期:2016-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Placebo response in the clinical trial setting is poorly understood and alleged to be driven by statistical confounds, and its biological underpinnings are questioned. Here we identified and validated that clinical placebo response is predictable from resting-state functional magnetic-resonance-imaging (fMRI) brain co...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002570
更新日期:2016-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer research has become a global enterprise, and the number of researchers, as well as the cost for their activities, has skyrocketed. The budget for the National Cancer Institute of the United States National Institutes of Health alone was US$5.2 billion in 2015. Since most of the research is funded by public mone...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2000314
更新日期:2016-09-29 00:00:00
abstract::Rodent whisker input consists of dense microvibration sequences that are often temporally integrated for perceptual discrimination. Whether primary somatosensory cortex (S1) participates in temporal integration is unknown. We trained rats to discriminate whisker impulse sequences that varied in single-impulse kinemati...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002549
更新日期:2016-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::In mammals, light exerts pervasive effects on physiology and behavior in two ways: indirectly through clock synchronization and the phase adjustment of circadian rhythms, and directly through the promotion of alertness and sleep, respectively, in diurnal and nocturnal species. A recent report by Pilorz and colleagues ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2000111
更新日期:2016-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Polarized growth is maintained by both polarized exocytosis, which transports membrane components to specific locations on the cell cortex, and endocytosis, which retrieves these components before they can diffuse away. Despite functional links between these two transport pathways, they are generally considered to be ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002534
更新日期:2016-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Microsaccades aid vision by helping to strategically sample visual scenes. Despite the importance of these small eye movements, no cortical area has ever been implicated in their generation. Here, we used unilateral and bilateral reversible inactivation of the frontal eye fields (FEF) to identify a cortical drive for ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002531
更新日期:2016-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Individual synapses vary significantly in their neurotransmitter release properties, which underlie complex information processing in neural circuits. Presynaptic Ca2+ homeostasis plays a critical role in specifying neurotransmitter release properties, but the mechanisms regulating synapse-specific Ca2+ homeostasis in...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002516
更新日期:2016-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) form the cellular scaffold of lymph nodes (LNs) and establish distinct microenvironmental niches to provide key molecules that drive innate and adaptive immune responses and control immune regulatory processes. Here, we have used a graph theory-based systems biology approach to dete...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002515
更新日期:2016-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Reproducibility and transparency in biomedical sciences have been called into question, and scientists have been found wanting as a result. Putting aside deliberate fraud, there is evidence that a major contributor to lack of reproducibility is insufficient quality assurance of reagents used in preclinical research. C...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002477
更新日期:2016-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::DEAD-box proteins are ubiquitous regulators of RNA biology. While commonly dubbed "helicases," their activities also include duplex annealing, adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent RNA binding, and RNA-protein complex remodeling. Rok1, an essential DEAD-box protein, and its cofactor Rrp5 are required for ribosome ass...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002480
更新日期:2016-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002436.]. ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002494
更新日期:2016-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::The most common cystic fibrosis (CF) causing mutation, deletion of phenylalanine 508 (ΔF508 or Phe508del), results in functional expression defect of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) at the apical plasma membrane (PM) of secretory epithelia, which is attributed to the degradation of the misfolded chan...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002462
更新日期:2016-05-11 00:00:00
abstract::Planarians display remarkable plasticity in maintenance of their germline, with the ability to develop or dismantle reproductive tissues in response to systemic and environmental cues. Here, we investigated the role of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in this dynamic germline regulation. By genome-enabled receptor ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002457
更新日期:2016-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::The oversupply of postdoctoral scholars relative to available faculty positions has led to calls for better assessment of career outcomes. Here, we report the results of a study of postdoctoral outcomes at the University of California, San Francisco, and suggest that institutions have an obligation to determine where ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002458
更新日期:2016-05-06 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to find and consume nutrient-rich diets for successful reproduction and survival is fundamental to animal life. Among the nutrients important for all animals are polyamines, a class of pungent smelling compounds required in numerous cellular and organismic processes. Polyamine deficiency or excess has detr...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002454
更新日期:2016-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::In an age of free international shipments of mail-ordered seeds and plants, more policing will not stop the global migration of hitchhiking pests. The solution is in a preemptive response based on an internationally coordinated genomic deployment of global biodiversity in the largest breeding project since the "Garden...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002438
更新日期:2016-04-19 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations affect individual health, population persistence, adaptation, diversification, and genome evolution. There is evidence that the mutation rate varies among genotypes, but the causes of this variation are poorly understood. Here, we link differences in genetic quality with variation in spontaneous mutation in ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002419
更新日期:2016-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteriophage modulation of microbial populations impacts critical processes in ocean, soil, and animal ecosystems. However, the role of bacteriophages with RNA genomes (RNA bacteriophages) in these processes is poorly understood, in part because of the limited number of known RNA bacteriophage species. Here, we ident...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002409
更新日期:2016-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::Many living organisms transform inorganic atoms into highly ordered crystalline materials. An elegant example of such biomineralization processes is the production of nano-scale magnetic crystals in magnetotactic bacteria. Previous studies implicated the involvement of two putative serine proteases, MamE and MamO, dur...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002402
更新日期:2016-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::The ecologically significant shift in developmental strategy from planktotrophic (feeding) to lecithotrophic (nonfeeding) development in the sea urchin genus Heliocidaris is one of the most comprehensively studied life history transitions in any animal. Although the evolution of lecithotrophy involved substantial chan...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002391
更新日期:2016-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::Horizontal DNA transfer (HDT) is a pervasive mechanism of diversification in many microbial species, but its primary evolutionary role remains controversial. Much recent research has emphasised the adaptive benefit of acquiring novel DNA, but here we argue instead that intragenomic conflict provides a coherent framewo...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002394
更新日期:2016-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::The Global Health 2035 report notes that the "grand convergence"--closure of the infectious, maternal, and child mortality gap between rich and poor countries--is dependent on research and development (R&D) of new drugs, vaccines, diagnostics, and other health tools. However, this convergence (and the R&D underpinning...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002363
更新日期:2016-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::All organisms live in temporally fluctuating environments. Theory predicts that the evolution of deterministic maternal effects (i.e., anticipatory maternal effects or transgenerational phenotypic plasticity) underlies adaptation to environments that fluctuate in a predictably alternating fashion over maternal-offspri...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002388
更新日期:2016-02-24 00:00:00
abstract::Almost all higher organisms, including plants, insects, and mammals, are colonized by complex microbial communities and harbor a microbiome. Emerging studies with plants reveal that these microbiomes are structured and form complex, interconnected microbial networks. Within these networks, different taxa have differen...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002378
更新日期:2016-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations can originate from the chance misincorporation of nucleotides during DNA replication or from DNA lesions that arise between replication cycles and are not repaired correctly. We introduce a model that relates the source of mutations to their accumulation with cell divisions, providing a framework for underst...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002355
更新日期:2016-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory loss induces cross-modal plasticity, often resulting in altered performance in remaining sensory modalities. Whereas much is known about the macroscopic mechanisms underlying cross-modal plasticity, only scant information exists about its cellular and molecular underpinnings. We found that Caenorhabditis elega...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002348
更新日期:2016-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::The source of symmetry breaking in vertebrate oocytes is unknown. Animal-vegetal oocyte polarity is established by the Balbiani body (Bb), a conserved structure found in all animals examined that contains an aggregate of specific mRNAs, proteins, and organelles. The Bb specifies the oocyte vegetal pole, which is key t...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002335
更新日期:2016-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::The differentiation of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis into a dormant spore is among the most well-characterized developmental pathways in biology. Classical genetic screens performed over the past half century identified scores of factors involved in every step of this morphological process. More recently, transcript...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002341
更新日期:2016-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::During pregnancy, the ETS transcription factor ELF5 establishes the milk-secreting alveolar cell lineage by driving a cell fate decision of the mammary luminal progenitor cell. In breast cancer, ELF5 is a key transcriptional determinant of tumor subtype and has been implicated in the development of insensitivity to an...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002330
更新日期:2015-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Active sensing involves the fusion of internally generated motor events with external sensation. For rodents, active somatosensation includes scanning the immediate environment with the mystacial vibrissae. In doing so, the vibrissae may touch an object at any angle in the whisk cycle. The representation of touch and ...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002253
更新日期:2015-09-22 00:00:00
abstract::Despite many prior studies demonstrating offline behavioral gains in motor skills after sleep, the underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. To investigate the neurophysiological basis for offline gains, we performed single-unit recordings in motor cortex as rats learned a skilled upper-limb task. We foun...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002263
更新日期:2015-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Although psychological and computational models of time estimation have postulated the existence of neural representations tuned for specific durations, empirical evidence of this notion has been lacking. Here, using a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) adaptation paradigm, we show that the inferior parietal...
journal_title:PLoS biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002262
更新日期:2015-09-17 00:00:00