Abstract:
:Many living organisms transform inorganic atoms into highly ordered crystalline materials. An elegant example of such biomineralization processes is the production of nano-scale magnetic crystals in magnetotactic bacteria. Previous studies implicated the involvement of two putative serine proteases, MamE and MamO, during the early stages of magnetite formation in Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1. Here, using genetic analysis and X-ray crystallography, we show that MamO has a degenerate active site, rendering it incapable of protease activity. Instead, MamO promotes magnetosome formation through two genetically distinct, noncatalytic activities: activation of MamE-dependent proteolysis of biomineralization factors and direct binding to transition metal ions. By solving the structure of the protease domain bound to a metal ion, we identify a surface-exposed di-histidine motif in MamO that contributes to metal binding and show that it is required to initiate biomineralization in vivo. Finally, we find that pseudoproteases are widespread in magnetotactic bacteria and that they have evolved independently in three separate taxa. Our results highlight the versatility of protein scaffolds in accommodating new biochemical activities and provide unprecedented insight into the earliest stages of biomineralization.
journal_name
PLoS Bioljournal_title
PLoS biologyauthors
Hershey DM,Ren X,Melnyk RA,Browne PJ,Ozyamak E,Jones SR,Chang MC,Hurley JH,Komeili Adoi
10.1371/journal.pbio.1002402subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-03-16 00:00:00pages
e1002402issue
3eissn
1544-9173issn
1545-7885pii
PBIOLOGY-D-15-03435journal_volume
14pub_type
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