解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:BACKGROUND:Contemporary clinical risk stratification schemata for predicting stroke and thromboembolism (TE) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are largely derived from risk factors identified from trial cohorts. Thus, many potential risk factors have not been included. METHODS:We refined the 2006 Birmingham/Na...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1378/chest.09-1584
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is unclear whether an abnormal swallowing reflex affects COPD exacerbations. This study investigated the prevalence of abnormal swallowing reflexes and its relationship with COPD exacerbation prospectively. We also clarified its association with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and airway bacterial ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.09-0482
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are many complementary techniques for mediastinal staging of lung cancer. It is increasingly apparent that the accuracy of mediastinal staging depends not only on which test is used but also on technical factors of how the procedure is performed. This article reviews data regarding such technical factors and pro...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.09-1378
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The American Thoracic Society recommends race-specific spirometric reference values from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) III for clinical evaluation of pulmonary function in whites, African-Americans, and Mexican-Americans in the United States and a correction factor of 0.94 for Asian-Ameri...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1378/chest.09-0919
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sleep disorders are increasingly associated with insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Whether the metabolic toll imposed by sleep-related disorders is caused by poor-quality sleep or due to other confounding factors is not known. The objective of this study was to examine wh...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.09-0791
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dynamic hyperinflation (DH) develops in patients with COPD during incremental exercise with a cycle ergometer. The aims of this study were to determine whether DH can be evidenced after walking with a handheld spirometer and to determine its functional consequences. METHODS:Fifty patients with COPD (39 men;...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.09-0410
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increased outdoor air pollution levels are associated with more frequent use of rescue inhalers in subjects with asthma. However, it is unknown whether this phenomenon is explained by an air pollution-mediated increase in respiratory symptom severity or whether air pollutants decrease the efficacy of short-a...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-1463
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Our study assessed the short-term effect of electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) of the lower extremities on the thenar muscle microcirculation of patients who are critically ill. METHODS:Twenty-nine hospital ICU patients (19 men; mean [+/- SD] age, 58 +/- 19 years; mean acute physiology and chronic health e...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2888
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic cough is a common symptom with significant morbidity. We report a case of a 51-year-old woman who presented with chronic cough. She recently had received a diagnosis of glaucoma and had started receiving therapy with topical latanoprost. The onset of cough coincided with the use of latanoprost. We performed a ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.09-0070
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). PAH is generally considered to be a late complication of limited cutaneous SSc. This study identified and investigated a subset of SSc patients with early-onset PAH. METHODS:Clinic...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-3042
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The treatment of asthma relies on the use of the following two major drug classes: beta(2)-agonists, both short acting and long acting; and corticosteroids (CSs). Although the properties of each drug class are well described, their use in combination delivered either separately or through one device has provided some ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.09-0354
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Current guidelines recommend the use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) added to long-acting beta(2)-agonists (LABAs) for treatment of symptomatic patients with severe and very severe COPD. However, the evidence has been inconclusive. The aim of this review was to assess the safety and efficacy of LABAs/ICSs ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.09-0821
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Among patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), the risk factors for short-term hospital readmission after discharge are unknown. METHODS:We conducted a prospective observational study of 1,117 patients who had been discharged alive after hospitalization for CAP. We collected variables a...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2950
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) staging is currently being revised by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC). Among other changes, the revised staging system proposes the subdivision of the T1 tumor ( journal_title:Chest pub_type: 杂志文章 doi:10.1378/chest.09-0823 更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSES:Patients receiving prolonged acute mechanical ventilation (PAMV), although comprising a third of all mechanical ventilation (MV) patients, consume two-thirds of all the resources allocated to MV, and their numbers are projected to double by 2020. By virtue of their prolonged hospital length of stay (median LOS...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.09-0596
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Amphiregulin, a member of the epidermal growth factor family, has been shown to promote the growth of fibroblasts, to be associated with the T-helper type 2 cell adaptive immune response, and to up-regulate mucin gene expression. We aimed to determine whether sputum amphiregulin is expressed at elevated leve...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2972
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An arterial stiffness parameter, the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), has been developed. CAVI is adjusted for BP and can be used to measure arterial stiffness with little influence of BP. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility, validity, and clinical usefulness of CAVI among patien...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.09-0178
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pulmonary artery remodeling triggered by alveolar hypoxia is considered the main mechanism of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in COPD patients. We hypothesized that the risk for PH in COPD is increased by an elevation in the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2420
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::COPD is a highly prevalent disorder that results from the interplay of genetic susceptibility and environmental exposures. Over the past 2 decades, significant technological advances have been made in genetic investigations of complex diseases, yet limited progress has been made in the identification of additional COP...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.09-0555
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered a useful and minimally invasive modality for treating centrally located early lung cancer. To date, there has been limited information on the long-term outcome of patients treated with PDT, especially those who are medically operable. METHODS:Beginning in 1994, patie...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2237
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spirometry is a useful test of pulmonary function and can be safely performed in a variety of clinical situations. Although the technique for performing the maneuver is straightforward, there are many sources of variability in results. Specific criteria must be met in order for the test to be considered valid. For the...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2315
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The study documented the emergence of new forms of resistant bacilli (totally drug-resistant [TDR] or super extensively drug-resistant [XDR] tuberculosis [TB] strains) among patients with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). METHODS:Susceptibility testing against first- and second-line drugs was performed on is...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2427
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary torsion is very rare, and usually occurs following lung resection. We report a case of spontaneous middle lobe torsion in a patient presenting with a right pleural effusion. The condition was treated by lobectomy through a totally thoracoscopic approach. ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2373
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To develop and compare ICU length-of-stay (LOS) risk-adjustment models using three commonly used mortality or LOS prediction models. METHODS:Between 2001 and 2004, we performed a retrospective, observational study of 11,295 ICU patients from 35 hospitals in the California Intensive Care Outcomes Project. We...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2591
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) associated with collagen vascular disease (CVD) have been reported to have a better prognosis than those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with a UIP pattern (IPF/UIP) seen on histology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pathologic and radiologic diff...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2572
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The impact of sleep apnea on work disability, in terms of sickness absence and disability pension, is unclear. We sought to estimate the total number of lost workdays caused by sleep apnea either due to medically certified sickness absences or disability pensions during the 5 years prior to the year of a sle...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2201
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of sarcoidosis that is associated with increased mortality. The pathogenesis of PH in sarcoidosis is uncertain, and the role of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-specific therapies remains to be determined. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective study o...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1378/chest.08-1881
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extrinsic compression of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) can occur in patients with severe pulmonary hypertension and enlarged pulmonary artery trunk. It has been usually described in the setting of congenital defects such as atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and, more rarely, isolated persistent d...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2922
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The antisynthetase syndrome consists of interstitial lung disease (ILD), arthritis, myositis, fever, mechanic's hands, and Raynaud phenomenon in the presence of an antisynthetase autoantibody, most commonly anti-Jo-1. It is believed that all the antisynthetases are associated with a similar clinical profile,...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2233
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::COPD is currently defined as a progressive, preventable, and treatable disease that is characterized by an accelerated decline of lung function. However, contrary to other common chronic conditions like cardiovascular disease or cancer, there are no lifelong population-based studies describing the natural history of l...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.08-1750
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Altitude exposure is associated with mild pulmonary hypertension and decreased exercise capacity. We tested the hypothesis that pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) contributes to decreased exercise capacity in hypoxic healthy subjects. METHODS:An incremental cycle ergometer cardiopulmonary exercise test and...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2222
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cough provides high expiratory airflows to aerosolize and remove material that cannot be adequately removed by ciliary action. Cough is particularly important for clearing foreign particles from the airway in those with dysphagia who may be at risk for penetration/aspiration (P/A). Expiratory muscle strength...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-1389
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:International time trends in asthma mortality have played an important sentinel role in the identification of two epidemics of asthma mortality in some countries in the 1960s and the 1970s and 1980s. Since then, little attention has been paid to the ongoing international time trends. METHODS:Country-specifi...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2082
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In daily clinical work, we often face delayed or recurrent pneumothorax after radiofrequency (RF) ablation for lung tumors, but a large study on this theme has not been done. Thus, we examined the rate of delayed or recurrent pneumothorax after RF ablation for lung tumors and the risk factors associated with...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-1499
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:During noninvasive ventilation, nonintentional leaks have a detrimental effect on the efficacy of ventilation. A wide range of industrial masks are available, with intentional leaks of different importance. The potential impact of this variability in intentional leaks on performances of bilevel ventilators h...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-1340
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is an immunologic pulmonary disorder caused by hypersensitivity to Aspergillus fumigatus. Clinically, a patient presents with chronic asthma, recurrent pulmonary infiltrates, and bronchiectasis. The population prevalence of ABPA is not clearly known, but the prevalence in...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.08-2586
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The literature on preoperative smoking cessation indicates that smoking patients are more likely to have postoperative complications. However, the economic implications of such complications are unclear. In particular, the balance between the cost of a preoperative intervention for smoking cessation (PISC) a...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-0897
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the cycle ergometer is the traditional mode for exercise testing in patients with respiratory disease, this preference over the treadmill does not consider perceptual responses. Our hypotheses were as follows: (1) the regression slope between breathlessness and oxygen consumption (Vo(2)) is greater ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-1258
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Evidence-based guidelines recommend serial measurements of peak expiratory flow (PEF) on days at and away from work as the first step in the objective confirmation of occupational asthma. The aim of this study was to improve the diagnostic value of computer-based PEF analysis by using the program Oasys-2 to ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-0778
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Gender differences in the prevalence of various manifestations of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is not as great as previously believed. The aim of the present study was to clarify the clinical patient characteristics of Japanese women and men with OSAS. METHODS:A cross-sectional case-match control...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-1414
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00