解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:BACKGROUND:Habitually shortened nighttime sleep is a common phenomenon in childhood and adolescence, sometimes associated with chronic sleep reduction (CSR). CSR is associated with impairments of performance ability and emotional well-being. The extent to which children and adolescents in Germany suffer from CSR is unc...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2020.0661
更新日期:2020-10-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In Germany, public interest in a vegan diet is steadily growing. There are, however, no current data on the macro- and micronutrient status of vegans. METHODS:In a cross-sectional study entitled "The Risks and Benefits of a Vegan Diet" (RBVD), we investigated the dietary intake, basic laboratory parameters,...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2020.0575
更新日期:2020-08-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A number of studies have revealed higher postoperative mortality after operations that were performed toward the end of the week. It is not yet known whether a day-of-the-week effect exists after visceral surgical procedures for cancer in Germany. METHODS:Data on resections of carcinomas of the colon, rectu...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2020.0521
更新日期:2020-08-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The histomorphological changes of lung damage in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have not yet been adequately characterized. In this article, we describe the sequence of pathological changes in COVID-19 and discuss the implications for approaches to treatment. METHODS:Standardized autopsies were ...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2020.0500
更新日期:2020-07-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Participation rates in colorectal cancer screening in Germany are low. We therefore investigated the effectiveness of different invitation models for immunological stool blood tests (fecal immunological tests, FITs). METHODS:A randomized controlled trial in 50- to 54-year-old clients of the health insurance...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2020.0423
更新日期:2020-06-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The percentage of organ donors among the German population is very low, and the supply of organs does not meet the demand. Relatively few organ explantations are performed in Germany, compared to other countries. The central element leading up to organ explantation is the donor's consent. This can be express...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2020.0183
更新日期:2020-03-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Most women of child-bearing age want a safe method of contraception. Numerous methods are available, with different modes of application. In situations involving particular risks, the selection of the right method poses a special challenge. METHODS:Contraceptive methods for use in various situations with in...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2019.0764
更新日期:2019-11-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and fusion proteins (FP) are increasingly being used in children and adolescents. In this review, we analyze the evidence for their safety and efficacy in the treatment of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases. METHODS:We systematically searched PubMed, AWMF.org, and othe...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2019.0703
更新日期:2019-10-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An estimated 1.4 to 2.6 million people in German suffer from drug dependence. Most of them are long-term users of benzodiazepines (BZD), Z drugs (ZD), or opioid analgesics (OA). METHODS:This analysis is based on prescription data from patients of the national statutory health insurance system in the German ...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2019.0607
更新日期:2019-09-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Surgical site infections (SSI) are among the most common healthcare- associated infections. The aim of our explorative study was to determine how selected climatic factors are associated with SSI rates. METHODS:SSI rates were calculated for operative procedures included in the surgi- cal site infection surv...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2019.0529
更新日期:2019-08-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies from multiple countries have shown that acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients is associated with mortality and morbidity. There are no reliable data at present on the incidence and mortality of AKI episodes among hospitalized patients in Germany. The utility of administrative codings of ...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2019.0397
更新日期:2019-05-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Otitis externa has a lifetime prevalence of 10% and can arise in acute, chronic, and necrotizing forms. METHODS:This review is based on publications retrieved by a selective search of the pertinent literature. RESULTS:The treatment of acute otitis media consists of anal- gesia, cleansing of the external au...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2019.0224
更新日期:2019-03-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Treatment with checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-programmed death-1 (anti-PD-1), anti-PD-ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1), and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (anti-CTLA-4) antibodies can prolong the survival of cancer patients, but it also induces autoimmune side effects in 86-96% of patients by activating the ...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2019.0119
更新日期:2019-02-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is 4 to 7 times higher in cancer patients than in the normal population. Moreover, cancer patients who take anticoagulants suffer more frequently from hemorrhagic complications and VTE recurrences. Patients often find low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) treatment unpl...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2019.0031
更新日期:2019-01-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pilonidal disease is an acute or chronic infection in the subcutaneous fatty tissue, mainly in the natal cleft. Its incidence in Germany in 2012 was 48 cases per 100 000 persons per year. METHODS:This review is based on pertinent publications retrieved by a selective literature search. RESULTS:The numerous...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2019.0012
更新日期:2019-01-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Some hematological malignancies arise in persons with a hereditary predisposition. The hereditary nature of these diseases often goes unrecognized, particularly when symptoms begin in adulthood. METHODS:This review is based on pertinent publications retrieved by a selective search in PubMed. RESULTS:Many r...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0848
更新日期:2018-12-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Much new evidence on oral anticoagulation has come to light in recent years. Non-vitamin-K-dependent oral anti- coagulants (NOAC) have been developed and have been introduced into clinical practice. In this review, we present the current state of the evidence on anticoagulation for various indications with v...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0776
更新日期:2018-11-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinical guidelines recommend psychosocial care as an integral part of medical treatment, but access is often limited. Technology-based approaches provide an attractive opportunity to optimize health outcomes and quality of life in people with chronic somatic diseases e.g. by means of Internet- and mobile-ba...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0659
更新日期:2018-11-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Screening colonoscopy can lower the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC), yet participation rates are low even in groups at high risk. The goal of this study was to double the rate of participation in screening colonoscopy among persons at familial risk and then to determine the frequency of neoplasia in thi...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0715
更新日期:2018-10-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The conservative treatment of traumatic thoracolumbar vertebral fractures is often not clearly defined. METHODS:This review is based on articles retrieved by a systematic search in the PubMed and Web of Science databases for publications up to February 2018 dealing with the conservative treatment of traumat...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0697
更新日期:2018-10-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Early gastro-esophageal cancer is staged as m1 to m3 depending on the infiltration of the anatomical layers of the mucosa or, analogously, as sm1 to sm3 depending on the depth of infiltration into the submucosa. The risk of lymph node metastases is low in mucosal carcinoma but increases with the depth of inf...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0513
更新日期:2018-08-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. The German S3 guideline of 2012 has now been updated to take account of advances in the early detection, diagnostic evaluation, treatment, and follow-up care of this disease. METHODS:The updating process was based on the adaptation of identified source guide...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0316
更新日期:2018-05-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The effectiveness of intraoral appliances (IOA), maxillary expansion (ME), and maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) in the treatment of children and adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has not yet been adequately assessed. METHODS:An umbrella review was performed based on established guidelines for evi...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0200
更新日期:2018-03-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cluster-randomized trials (CRT) are needed to compare interventions that are allocated to entire groups of subjects, rather than to individuals. Publications about CRT have become steadily more common over the past decade. Readers of such publications should be able to categorize and interpret the findings o...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0163
更新日期:2018-03-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent years have seen major changes in the diagnosis and treatment of solid intraocular tumors, mainly owing to an improved molecular biological understanding of their pathogenesis, new therapeutic approaches for the local treatment of tumors in children, and long-term follow-up observations in clinical tri...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0106
更新日期:2018-02-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A meta-analysis of studies from multiple countries has shown that the incidence of incisional hernia varies from 4% to 10% depending on the type of operation. No epidemiological surveys have been conducted so far. The worst possible complication of an incisional hernia if it is not treated surgically is inca...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0031
更新日期:2018-01-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent years have seen a marked increase in laser-pointerrelated injuries, which sometimes involve severe retinal damage and irreversible visual impairment. These injuries are often caused by untested or incorrectly classified devices that are freely available over the Internet. METHODS:We reviewed pertinen...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2017.0831
更新日期:2017-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Few reliable data are available on the epidemiology and treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax. We studied the sex and age distribution, frequency of hospitalization, mortality, and conservative versus surgical care of this condition in Germany in order to draw well-founded conclusions about its in-hospital d...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2017.0739
更新日期:2017-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2017.0661.]. ...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2017.0752
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The randomized, controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard of scientific evidence for the attribution of clinical effects (benefits and harms) to medical interventions. Many different designs for RCTs have been developed in order to counter legitimate critical objections and to better adapt the trials to th...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2017.0635
更新日期:2017-09-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The treatment of pregnant women who have illnesses unrelated to pregnancy can cause uncertainty among physicians. METHODS:We searched the PubMed database and specialty guidelines from Germany and abroad (the guidelines of the German Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics, the American Congress of Obstetri ci...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2017.0616
更新日期:2017-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence of latent/subclinical hypothyroidism is between 3% and 10%, according to epidemiologic studies that have been carried out in the USA, the United Kingdom, and Denmark. As persons with latent hypo - thyroidism are often asymptomatic, the diagnosis is often made incidentally in routine laboratory...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2017.430
更新日期:2017-06-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Red eye can arise as a manifestation of many different systemic and ophthalmological diseases. The physician whom the patient first consults for this problem is often not an ophthalmologist. A correct assessment of the urgency of the situation is vitally important for the planning of further diagnostic evalu...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2017.0302
更新日期:2017-04-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:When gunshot and blast injuries affect only a single person, first aid can always be delivered in conformity with the relevant guidelines. In contrast, when there is a dynamic casualty situation affecting many persons, such as after a terrorist attack, treatment may need to be focused on immediately life-thr...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2017.0237
更新日期:2017-04-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many patients in German hospitals complain of inadequate treatment of their postoperative pain. Hospital-related structural and procedural variables may affect pain perception and patient satisfaction. We studied the association of individual variables with outcome quality. METHODS:Data from the years 2011 ...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2017.0161
更新日期:2017-03-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a degenerative vasculopathy that is classically associated with lobar intracerebral or sulcal hemorrhage. Its prevalence is estimated at 30% in the seventh decade and 50% in the eighth and ninth decades. In this review, we summarize the risks linked to CAA with respect to...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2017.0037
更新日期:2017-01-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. There are at least 150 000 persons with MS in Germany. Recent years have seen the approval of new drugs against. METHODS:This article is based on pertinent literature retrieved by a selective search in PubMed as wel...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2016.0879
更新日期:2016-12-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Medication reviews and medication management are being used more and more around the world to improve medication safety. Both of these tools were originally conceived as pharmaceutical care activities and have recently been developed into interdisciplinary approaches. We studied the efficacy of interprofessi...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2016.0741
更新日期:2016-11-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD), arterial stenosis or occlusion impairs perfusion in the territory of the distal portion of the aorta and the iliac and leg arteries. In Germany, the prevalence of PAOD rises with age, reaching 20% among persons over age 70. METHODS:This guideline was prepared...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,实务指引
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2016.0729
更新日期:2016-10-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with acquired brain injury who have been discharged from inpatient neurological rehabilitation often continue to suffer from limited independence, participation, and quality of life. Participation-focused outpatient treatment (in German: teilhabeorientierte ambulan. METHODS:In a randomized, control...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2016.0634
更新日期:2016-09-23 00:00:00