Abstract:
:Dendritic spines have been proposed as primary sites of synaptic plasticity in the brain. Consistent with this hypothesis, spines contain high concentrations of actin, suggesting that they might be motile. To investigate this possibility, we made video recordings from hippocampal neurons expressing actin tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP-actin). This reagent incorporates into actin-containing structures and allows the visualization of actin dynamics in living neurons. In mature neurons, recordings of GFP fluorescence revealed large actin-dependent changes in dendritic spine shape, similar to those inferred from previous studies using fixed tissues. Visible changes occurred within seconds, suggesting that anatomical plasticity at synapses can be extremely rapid. As well as providing a molecular basis for structural plasticity, the presence of motile actin in dendritic spines implicates the postsynaptic element as a primary site of this phenomenon.
journal_name
Neuronjournal_title
Neuronauthors
Fischer M,Kaech S,Knutti D,Matus Adoi
10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80467-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-05-01 00:00:00pages
847-54issue
5eissn
0896-6273issn
1097-4199pii
S0896-6273(00)80467-5journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NEURON文献大全abstract::Regulation of synaptic strength is essential for neuronal information processing, but the molecular mechanisms that control changes in neuroexocytosis are only partially known. Here we show that the putative G protein-coupled receptor Methuselah (Mth) is required in the presynaptic motor neuron to acutely upregulate n...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00932-7
更新日期:2002-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::Nematode degenerins have been implicated in touch sensitivity and other forms of mechanosensation. Certain mutations in several degenerin genes cause the swelling, vacuolation, and death of neurons, and other mutations in the muscle degenerin gene unc-105 cause hypercontraction. Here, we confirm that unc-105 encodes a...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80503-6
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis (NF1) is a common inherited human disease. The events leading to patient symptoms from inheritance of a defective NF1 gene are unknown. Since knowledge of the distribution of the normal NF1 gene product should improve understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease, we raised an...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90270-n
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropathic pain is caused by long-term modifications of neuronal function in the peripheral nervous system, the spinal cord, and supraspinal areas. Although functional changes in the forebrain are thought to contribute to the development of persistent pain, their significance and precise subcellular nature remain une...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2015.03.003
更新日期:2015-04-08 00:00:00
abstract::The eye often leads the way in the development of novel strategies for treating neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we highlight an exciting new study examining the potential for reactivating endogenous repair mechanisms and enabling the mammalian retina to repair itself. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.10.035
更新日期:2018-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::In a complex nervous system, neuronal functional diversity is reflected in the wide variety of dendritic arbor shapes. Different neuronal classes are defined by class-specific transcription factor combinatorial codes. We show that the combination of the transcription factors Knot and Cut is particular to Drosophila cl...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2007.10.031
更新日期:2007-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Although substantial advances have been made in behavioral and pharmacological treatments for addictions, moving treatment development to the next stage may require novel ways of approaching addictions, particularly ways based on new findings regarding the neurobiological underpinnings of addictions that also assimila...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.02.009
更新日期:2011-02-24 00:00:00
abstract::Protein scaffolds are essential for specific and efficient downstream signaling at synapses. Though nicotinic receptors are widely expressed in the nervous system and influence numerous cellular events due in part to their calcium permeability, no scaffolds have yet been identified for the receptors in neurons. Here w...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00324-6
更新日期:2003-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::The MAG-deficient mouse was used to test whether MAG acts as a significant inhibitor of axonal regeneration in the adult mammalian CNS, as suggested by cell culture experiments. Cell spreading, neurite elongation, or growth cone collapse of different cell types in vitro was not significantly different when myelin prep...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0896-6273(95)90015-2
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has been described as a biochemical switch that is turned on by increases in intracellular calcium to mediate synaptic plasticity. Here, we show that reductions in CaMKII activity trigger persistent increases in intrinsic excitability. In spontaneously firing ves...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.04.009
更新日期:2005-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::The presynaptic active zone is composed of a protein network that contains ELKS2alpha (a.k.a. CAST) as a central component. Here we demonstrate that in mice, deletion of ELKS2alpha caused a large increase in inhibitory, but not excitatory, neurotransmitter release, and potentiated the size, but not the properties, of ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.019
更新日期:2009-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Synapses are lost during developmental synapse elimination. Until now, it has been impossible to follow elimination in the entirety of any neuron's branches and synapses. Using transgenic mice in which one or two of a muscle's motoneurons express variants of GFP, Keller-Peck et al. show in this issue of Neuron that el...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00380-4
更新日期:2001-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is expressed at high levels in hippocampal neurons, and its expression is modulated by neural activity. Knockout mice can be used to study the roles of molecules like BDNF in synaptic plasticity with more molecular specificity than is possible using pharmacological approaches. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80140-3
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agrin is thought to mediate the motor neuron-induced aggregation of AChRs and AChE on the surface of muscle fibers at neuromuscular junctions. We have isolated a cDNA from a chick brain library that, based on sequence homology and expression experiments, codes for active agrin. Examination of the sequence reveals cons...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90089-v
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Each odorant receptor gene defines a unique type of olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) and a corresponding type of second-order neuron. Because each odor can activate multiple ORN types, information must ultimately be integrated across these processing channels to form a unified percept. Here, we show that, in Drosophila...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2007.03.010
更新日期:2007-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::Axon pruning by degeneration remodels exuberant axonal connections and is widely required for the development of proper circuitry in the nervous system from insects to mammals. Developmental axon degeneration morphologically resembles injury-induced Wallerian degeneration, suggesting similar underlying mechanisms. As ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.05.013
更新日期:2006-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::TRPA1 is a promising target for the development of novel treatments for chronic pain. In this issue of Neuron, Liu et al. (2021) report a novel non-covalent TRPA1-biased agonist, GNE551, revealing a unique binding pocket by cryo-EM and activation properties that pave a path toward new avenues in the treatment of chron...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.12.017
更新日期:2021-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Piezo proteins have been proposed as the long-sought-after mechanosensitive cation channels in mammals that play critical roles in various mechanotransduction processes. However, the molecular bases that underlie their ion permeation and mechanotransduction have remained functionally undefined. Here we report our find...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.01.046
更新日期:2016-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::The lateral mobility of neurotransmitter receptors has been shown to tune synaptic signals. Here we report that GABAA receptors (GABAARs) can diffuse between adjacent dendritic GABAergic synapses in long-living desensitized states, thus laterally spreading "activation memories" between inhibitory synapses. Glutamaterg...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.06.022
更新日期:2017-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) displays a long asymptomatic stage before dementia. We characterize AD stage-associated molecular networks by profiling 14,513 proteins and 34,173 phosphosites in the human brain with mass spectrometry, highlighting 173 protein changes in 17 pathways. The altered proteins are validated in two ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.12.015
更新日期:2020-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::Although prefrontal cortex has been implicated in the cognitive regulation of emotion, the cortical-subcortical interactions that mediate this ability remain poorly understood. To address this issue, we identified a right ventrolateral prefrontal region (vlPFC) whose activity correlated with reduced negative emotional...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2008.09.006
更新日期:2008-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::The microtubule-associated protein tau accumulates in Alzheimer's and other fatal dementias, which manifest when forebrain neurons die. Recent advances in understanding these disorders indicate that brain dysfunction precedes neurodegeneration, but the role of tau is unclear. Here, we show that early tau-related defic...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.030
更新日期:2010-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::The visual perception of words is known to activate the auditory representation of their spoken forms automatically. We examined the neural mechanism for this phonological activation using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with a masked priming paradigm. The stimulation sites (left superior temporal gyrus [L-STG...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.09.030
更新日期:2006-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::A fundamental question about the neural correlates of attention concerns the earliest sensory processing stage that it can affect. We addressed this issue by recording magnetoencephalography (MEG) signals while subjects performed detection tasks, which required employment of spatial or nonspatial attention, in auditor...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2008.04.013
更新日期:2008-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have long been associated with proliferation in non-neural cells, although they are also expressed in postmitotic neurons. We demonstrate that insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) induces within seconds a large, tyrosine-kinase-dependent increase in calcium channel currents in cerebell...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80950-2
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::alpha-tectorin is an extracellular matrix molecule of the inner ear. Mice homozygous for a targeted deletion in a-tectorin have tectorial membranes that are detached from the cochlear epithelium and lack all noncollagenous matrix, but the architecture of the organ of Corti is otherwise normal. The basilar membranes of...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)00102-1
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Modification of AMPA receptor function is a major mechanism for the regulation of synaptic transmission and underlies several forms of synaptic plasticity. Post-translational palmitoylation is a reversible modification that regulates localization of many proteins. Here, we report that palmitoylation of the AMPA recept...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.06.035
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Memory encoding and retrieval require directional exchange of information between different areas in the medial temporal lobe. In this issue of Neuron, Koster et al. (2018) use high-resolution fMRI combined with state-of-the-art data analysis methods to trace the information flow in memory circuits in hippocampus and ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.09.004
更新日期:2018-09-19 00:00:00
abstract::Since the early days of research into language and the brain, word meaning was assumed to be processed in specific brain regions, which most modern neuroscientists localize to the left temporal lobe. Here we use event-related fMRI to show that action words referring to face, arm, or leg actions (e.g., to lick, pick, o...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00838-9
更新日期:2004-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Miniature synaptic currents have long been known to represent random transmitter release under resting conditions, but much remains to be learned about their nature and function in central synapses. In this work, we describe a new class of miniature currents ("preminis") that arise by the autocrine activation of axona...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2010.03.030
更新日期:2010-04-29 00:00:00