解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Astrocytes metabolically interact with neighboring neurons by providing multiple substances to neurons. How astrocytes regulate neural functions via altering the neuronal metabolic state remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that astrocytic ApoE vectors a variety of microRNAs (miRNAs), and these miRNAs specifically si...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2021.01.005
更新日期:2021-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::TRPA1 is a promising target for the development of novel treatments for chronic pain. In this issue of Neuron, Liu et al. (2021) report a novel non-covalent TRPA1-biased agonist, GNE551, revealing a unique binding pocket by cryo-EM and activation properties that pave a path toward new avenues in the treatment of chron...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.12.017
更新日期:2021-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Spontaneous fluctuations in cortical excitability influence sensory processing and behavior. These fluctuations, long thought to reflect global changes in cortical state, were recently found to be modulated locally within a retinotopic map during spatially selective attention. We report that periods of vigorous (On) a...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.12.013
更新日期:2020-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Blood-feeding mosquitoes survive by feeding on nectar for metabolic energy but require a blood meal to develop eggs. Aedes aegypti females must accurately discriminate blood and nectar because each meal promotes mutually exclusive feeding programs with distinct sensory appendages, meal sizes, digestive tract targets, ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.019
更新日期:2020-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia are brain-resident immune cells and regulate mechanisms essential for cognitive functions. Down syndrome (DS), the most frequent cause of genetic intellectual disability, is caused by a supernumerary chromosome 21, containing also genes related to the immune system. In the hippocampus of the Dp(16) mouse mod...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.010
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::Extrasynaptic actions of glutamate are limited by high-affinity transporters expressed by perisynaptic astroglial processes (PAPs): this helps maintain point-to-point transmission in excitatory circuits. Memory formation in the brain is associated with synaptic remodeling, but how this affects PAPs and therefore extra...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.08.030
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue of Neuron, Wang et al. demonstrate that both cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors restrict the myelination of newly regenerated axons. Pharmalogical targeting of GPR17 signaling in oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and microglial inhibition of oligodendrocyte maturation together promote robust myel...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.10.033
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::Imaging large-scale circuit dynamics is crucial to understanding brain function, but most techniques have a limited depth of field. Here, we describe volumetric functional ultrasound imaging (vfUSI), a platform for brain-wide vfUSI of hemodynamic activity in awake head-fixed mice. We combined a high-frequency 1,024-ch...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.020
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::Nervous system injury and disease have broad effects on the functional connectivity of the nervous system, but how injury signals are spread across neural circuits remains unclear. We explored how axotomy changes the physiology of severed axons and adjacent uninjured "bystander" neurons in a simple in vivo nerve prepa...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.11.012
更新日期:2020-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::The brain basis of language, music, and emotion can be studied from the perspective of the psychological and cognitive sciences. Does this approach link to concerns of the humanities meaningfully? We outline prospects of developing a genuine neurohumanities research program. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.10.021
更新日期:2020-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::Using electrical acupuncture, Liu et al. show how electrical stimulation of primary somatosensory neurons at different body regions can tap into discreet autonomic circuits and, depending on the parameters, initiate either a pro- or anti-inflammatory response. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.026
更新日期:2020-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory systems transform the external world into time-varying spike trains. What features of spiking activity are used to guide behavior? In the mouse olfactory bulb, inhalation of different odors leads to changes in the set of neurons activated, as well as when neurons are activated relative to each other (synchrony...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.07.034
更新日期:2020-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue, Gill et al. apply holographic optogenetic stimulation in the olfactory bulb to control select neuronal ensembles in 3D. This approach allows them to dissociate the contribution of temporal spike features and spike rate to stimulus detection. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.10.007
更新日期:2020-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::The mammalian genome has hundreds of nuclear-encoded tRNAs, but the contribution of individual tRNA genes to cellular and organismal function remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that mutations in a neuronally enriched arginine tRNA, n-Tr20, increased seizure threshold and altered synaptic transmission. n-Tr20 expres...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.07.023
更新日期:2020-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Neural representations of head direction (HD) have been discovered in many species. Theoretical work has proposed that the dynamics associated with these representations are generated, maintained, and updated by recurrent network structures called ring attractors. We evaluated this theorized structure-function relatio...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.08.006
更新日期:2020-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Opioids are commonly used as analgesics for severe pain, but their addictive potential has sparked a misuse epidemic. In this issue of Neuron, Keyes et al. (2020) examine the contributions of distinct paraventricular thalamus (PVT) outputs to contextual opioid memories. They identify a PVT→NAc→LH circuit essential for...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.006
更新日期:2020-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Viral tracers are important tools for neuroanatomical mapping and genetic payload delivery. Genetically modified viruses allow for cell-type-specific targeting and overcome many limitations of non-viral tracers. Here, we summarize the viruses that have been developed for neural circuit mapping, and we provide a primer...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.07.010
更新日期:2020-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Ultra-slow, ∼0.1-Hz variations in the oxygenation level of brain blood are widely used as an fMRI-based surrogate of "resting-state" neuronal activity. The temporal correlations among these fluctuations across the brain are interpreted as "functional connections" for maps and neurological diagnostics. Ultra-slow varia...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.07.020
更新日期:2020-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::Direct brain stimulation has diverse effects on network activity. In this issue of Neuron, Qiao et al. (2020) demonstrate a novel approach for using stimulation to characterize and modulate interactions between areas of the mood processing network. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.08.008
更新日期:2020-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::Presynaptic CaV2 channels are essential for Ca2+-triggered exocytosis. In addition, there are two competing models for their roles in synapse structure. First, Ca2+ channels or Ca2+ entry may control synapse assembly. Second, active zone proteins may scaffold CaV2s to presynaptic release sites, and synapse structure i...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.032
更新日期:2020-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Social group dynamics are highly complex. In this issue of Neuron, Anpilov et al. use a novel wireless optogenetic device to demonstrate that the repeated stimulation of oxytocin neurons modulates pro-social and agonistic behaviors in a time- and context-dependent manner. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.07.027
更新日期:2020-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroscience relies on techniques for imaging the structure and dynamics of neural circuits, but the cell bodies of individual neurons are often obscured by overlapping fluorescence from axons and dendrites in surrounding neuropil. Here, we describe two strategies for using the ribosome to restrict the expression of f...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.005
更新日期:2020-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH)-expressing neurons are key regulators of energy and glucose homeostasis. Here, we demonstrate that they provide dense projections to the median eminence (ME) in close proximity to tanycytes and fenestrated vessels. Chemogenetic activation of MCH neurons as well as optogenetic stimul...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.04.020
更新日期:2020-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::Although pain is defined as a sensory and emotional experience, it is traditionally researched and clinically treated separately from emotion. Conceptual and mechanistic relationships between these constructs highlight the need for better understanding of their bi-directional influences and the value of bridging the p...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.024
更新日期:2020-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::Animals must discern important stimuli and place them onto their cognitive map of their environment. The neocortex conveys general representations of sensory events to the hippocampus, and the hippocampus is thought to classify and sharpen the distinctions between these events. We recorded populations of dentate gyrus...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.04.002
更新日期:2020-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::Itch and pain are distinct unpleasant sensations that can be triggered from the same receptive fields in the skin, raising the question of how pruriception and nociception are coded and discriminated. Here, we tested the multimodal capacity of peripheral first-order neurons, focusing on the genetically defined subpopu...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.03.021
更新日期:2020-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel, converts the free energy of binding of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into opening of its central pore. Here we present the first high-resolution structure of the receptor type found in muscle-endplate membrane and in the muscle-derived e...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.03.012
更新日期:2020-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue of Neuron, Issler et al. (2020) have identified the neuronal, long intergenic noncoding RNA LINC00473 as a potential molecular risk factor for the increased susceptibility for depression in females. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.016
更新日期:2020-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::Forming long-term memory (LTM) often requires repetitive experience spread over time. Studies in Drosophila suggest aversive olfactory LTM is optimal after spaced training, multiple trials of differential odor conditioning with rest intervals. Memory after spaced training is frequently compared to that after the same ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.03.013
更新日期:2020-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::During development of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), Schwann-cell-secreted gliomedin induces the clustering of Na+ channels at the edges of each myelin segment to form nodes of Ranvier. Here we show that bone morphogenetic protein-1 (BMP1)/Tolloid (TLD)-like proteinases confine Na+ channel clustering to these si...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.03.001
更新日期:2020-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::Chen et al present data describing millisecond interactions in a human hyperdirect pathway that connects the inferior frontal gyrus and the subthalamic nucleus. They study this circuit during a stop-signal task in the context of inhibitory control. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.04.017
更新日期:2020-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::The balance between excitatory and inhibitory (E and I) synapses is thought to be critical for information processing in neural circuits. However, little is known about the spatial principles of E and I synaptic organization across the entire dendritic tree of mammalian neurons. We developed a new open-source reconstr...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.02.015
更新日期:2020-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue clearing and light-sheet microscopy have a 100-year-plus history, yet these fields have been combined only recently to facilitate novel experiments and measurements in neuroscience. Since tissue-clearing methods were first combined with modernized light-sheet microscopy a decade ago, the performance of both tec...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.03.004
更新日期:2020-05-06 00:00:00
abstract::Lissencephaly (LIS), denoting a "smooth brain," is characterized by the absence of normal cerebral convolutions with abnormalities of cortical thickness. Pathogenic variants in over 20 genes are associated with LIS. The majority of posterior predominant LIS is caused by pathogenic variants in LIS1 (also known as PAFAH...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.027
更新日期:2020-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::The spatial distribution of large-scale functional networks on the cerebral cortex differs between individuals and is particularly variable in association networks that are responsible for higher-order cognition. However, it remains unknown how this functional topography evolves in development and supports cognition. ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.029
更新日期:2020-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::Presynaptic neurexins (Nrxs) and type IIa receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) organize synapses through a network of postsynaptic ligands. We show that leucine-rich-repeat transmembrane neuronal proteins (LRRTMs) differentially engage the protein domains of Nrx but require its heparan sulfate (HS) modi...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.003
更新日期:2020-04-08 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) displays a long asymptomatic stage before dementia. We characterize AD stage-associated molecular networks by profiling 14,513 proteins and 34,173 phosphosites in the human brain with mass spectrometry, highlighting 173 protein changes in 17 pathways. The altered proteins are validated in two ...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.12.015
更新日期:2020-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::We review the central tenets and neuroanatomical basis of the global neuronal workspace (GNW) hypothesis, which attempts to account for the main scientific observations regarding the elementary mechanisms of conscious processing in the human brain. The GNW hypothesis proposes that, in the conscious state, a non-linear...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.026
更新日期:2020-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::Deciding between stimuli requires combining their learned value with one's sensory confidence. We trained mice in a visual task that probes this combination. Mouse choices reflected not only present confidence and past rewards but also past confidence. Their behavior conformed to a model that combines signal detection...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.11.018
更新日期:2020-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::The brain is a vulnerable metabolic organ and must adapt to different fuel conditions to sustain function. Nerve terminals are a locus of this vulnerability, but how they regulate ATP synthesis as fuel conditions vary is unknown. We show that synapses can switch from glycolytic to oxidative metabolism, but to do so, t...
journal_title:Neuron
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.11.020
更新日期:2020-02-19 00:00:00