Abstract:
:To determine the extent and nature of genetic variation present in independent isolates of HTLV-III/LAV, the nucleotide sequences of the entire envelope gene and parts of gag and pol were determined for two AIDS viruses. The results indicated that variation throughout the viral genome is extensive and that the envelope gene in particular is most highly variable. Within the envelope, changes were most prevalent within the extracellular region where clustered nucleotide substitutions and deletions/insertions were evident. Based on predicted secondary protein structure and hydrophilicity, these hypervariable regions represent potential antigenic sites. In contrast to the hypervariable regions, other sequences in the extracellular envelope and the overall envelope structure (including 18 of 18 cysteine residues), as well as most of the transmembrane region, were highly conserved.
journal_name
Celljournal_title
Cellauthors
Starcich BR,Hahn BH,Shaw GM,McNeely PD,Modrow S,Wolf H,Parks ES,Parks WP,Josephs SF,Gallo RCdoi
10.1016/0092-8674(86)90778-6subject
Has Abstract,Author List Incompletepub_date
1986-06-06 00:00:00pages
637-48issue
5eissn
0092-8674issn
1097-4172pii
0092-8674(86)90778-6journal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CELL文献大全abstract::As the pipeline of new antibiotics slows to a trickle, scientists are developing innovative strategies to unearth antibacterial compounds in unexpected places. ...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.11.021
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) binds to cells through interactions of viral glycoproteins gB and gC with heparan sulfate chains on cell surface proteoglycans. This binding is not sufficient for viral entry, which requires fusion between the viral envelope and cell membrane. Here, we show that heparan sulfate modi...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80058-6
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulses of ecdysteroids direct Drosophila through its life cycle by activating stage- and tissue-specific genetic regulatory hierarchies. Here we show that an orphan nuclear receptor, DHR78, functions at the top of the ecdysteroid regulatory hierarchies. Null mutations in DHR78 lead to lethality during the third larval...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81184-8
更新日期:1998-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sexual reproduction is almost universal in eukaryotic life and involves the fusion of male and female haploid gametes into a diploid cell. The sperm-restricted single-pass transmembrane protein HAP2-GCS1 has been postulated to function in membrane merger. Its presence in the major eukaryotic taxa-animals, plants, and ...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.01.024
更新日期:2017-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::The light-sensing organelle of the vertebrate rod photoreceptor, the outer segment (OS), is a modified cilium containing approximately 1,000 stacked disc membranes that are densely packed with visual pigment rhodopsin. The mammalian OS is renewed every ten days; new discs are assembled at the base of the OS by a poorl...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.06.030
更新日期:2007-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::The rate of incorporation of leucine into protein, the rate of polypeptide elongation and termination, and the relative quantity and size of polysomes were analyzed in mouse L cells grown in suspension culture at various temperatures between 0 degrees C and 36 degrees C. Between 10 degrees C and 36 degrees C protein s...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0092-8674(75)90153-1
更新日期:1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lateral hypothalamic (LH) projection to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) has been linked to reward processing, but the computations within the LH-VTA loop that give rise to specific aspects of behavior have been difficult to isolate. We show that LH-VTA neurons encode the learned action of seeking a reward, indepe...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.01.003
更新日期:2015-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::The DDB1-CUL4-RBX1 (CRL4) ubiquitin ligase family regulates a diverse set of cellular pathways through dedicated substrate receptors (DCAFs). The DCAF DDB2 detects UV-induced pyrimidine dimers in the genome and facilitates nucleotide excision repair. We provide the molecular basis for DDB2 receptor-mediated cyclobutan...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.035
更新日期:2011-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::Membrane subdomains have been implicated in T cell signaling, although their properties and mechanisms of formation remain controversial. Here, we have used single-molecule and scanning confocal imaging to characterize the behavior of GFP-tagged signaling proteins in Jurkat T cells. We show that the coreceptor CD2, th...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.04.009
更新日期:2005-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::22q11.2 microdeletions result in specific cognitive deficits and schizophrenia. Analysis of Df(16)A(+/-) mice, which model this microdeletion, revealed abnormalities in the formation of neuronal dendrites and spines, as well as altered brain microRNAs. Here, we show a drastic reduction of miR-185, which resides within...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.052
更新日期:2013-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::The membrane-bound form of immunoglobulin serves as an antigen-specific receptor for B cells mediating signal transduction and antigen presentation. We have developed an assay that reconstitutes both these physiologic responses with respect to the antigen phosphorylcholine. By introducing specific mutations in the hum...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90171-a
更新日期:1990-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::ETS transcription factors ETV2, FLI1, and ERG1 specify pluripotent stem cells into induced vascular endothelial cells (iVECs). However, iVECs are unstable and drift toward nonvascular cells. We show that human midgestation c-Kit(-) lineage-committed amniotic cells (ACs) can be reprogrammed into vascular endothelial ce...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.09.032
更新日期:2012-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::The phenotype of the autosomal recessive mutation scat includes severe intermittent bleeding, depletion of platelets, and circulating anti-platelet antibodies. In this study, we have mapped the scat mutation to mouse chromosome 8 and shown that the immune component is a secondary consequence of the gene defect. Surpri...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90301-6
更新日期:1993-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::Signaling by ErbB receptors requires the activation of their cytoplasmic kinase domains, which is initiated by ligand binding to the receptor ectodomains. Cytoplasmic factors contributing to the activation are unknown. Here we identify members of the cytohesin protein family as such factors. Cytohesin inhibition decre...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.09.011
更新日期:2010-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of human brain evolution is essential to understanding human cognition and mental disorders. We generated multi-omics profiles and constructed a high-resolution map of 3D genome architecture of rhesus macaque during corticogenesis. By comparing the 3D genomes of human, macaque, an...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.001
更新日期:2021-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Two dimensional gel electrophoresis (triton-acid-urea followed by SDS) has been used to resolve two previously uncharacterized, quantitatively minor histone variants in acid extracts from macronuclei of Tetrahymena thermophila. Utilizing techniques which allow characterization of these variants without purifying them ...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0092-8674(80)90307-4
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue of Cell, discover gene-specific translational silencing as a novel function of the fused glutamyl- and prolyl-tRNA synthetase (GluProRS). GluProRS is released from a multisynthetase translation complex in response to gamma-interferon and forms a four-protein GAIT complex that silences translation of ceru...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.10.001
更新日期:2004-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria have evolved many different means of generating movement. In this issue of Cell, Shaevitz et al. (2005) describe the swimming movement of a helical bacterium called Spiroplasma. They discover that Spiroplasma propels itself by generating two temporally distinct kinks that travel the length of the bacterium. T...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.09.003
更新日期:2005-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::The transition from the juvenile to the adult phase of shoot development in plants is accompanied by changes in vegetative morphology and an increase in reproductive potential. Here, we describe the regulatory mechanism of this transition. We show that miR156 is necessary and sufficient for the expression of the juven...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.06.031
更新日期:2009-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral expression of food-associated memory in fruit flies is constrained by satiety and promoted by hunger, suggesting an influence of motivational state. Here, we identify a neural mechanism that integrates the internal state of hunger and appetitive memory. We show that stimulation of neurons that express neuro...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.08.035
更新日期:2009-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::The lin-12 gene of C. elegans and the Notch gene of D. melanogaster encode structurally related transmembrane proteins that mediate intercellular signaling. We show that truncated forms of these proteins consisting of only the intracellular domains cause cell fate transformations associated with constitutive activity ...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90424-o
更新日期:1993-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::The HIV auxiliary protein Vpr potently blocks the cell cycle at the G2/M transition. Here, we show that G2/M arrest results from untimely activation of the structure-specific endonuclease (SSE) regulator SLX4 complex (SLX4com) by Vpr, a process that requires VPRBP-DDB1-CUL4 E3-ligase complex. Direct interaction of Vpr...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.011
更新日期:2014-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::During metastasis, migrating breast cancer stem cells undergo a loss of polarity leading to an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Gupta et al. (2009) use this attribute of cancer stem cells to develop a high-throughput screen, which successfully identifies small molecules that specifically inhibit cancer stem...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.08.007
更新日期:2009-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of the kidney epithelial cell line MDCK with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induces a large increase in the permeability of tight junctions within 2-4 hr. This change in transepithelial permeability is accompanied by alterations in cell morphology that include the opening of ti...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0092-8674(81)90274-9
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) is essential for production of red blood cells; a principal function of EpoR is to rescue committed erythroid progenitors from apoptosis. Stat5 is rapidly activated following EpoR stimulation, but its function in erythropoiesis has been unclear since adult Stat5a-/-5b-/- mice have no...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81013-2
更新日期:1999-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::The chronic autoimmune diseases include multiple complex genetic disorders. Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a large number of major loci, with many associations shared between various autoimmune diseases. These associations highlight key roles for lymphocyte activation and prioritize s...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.03.003
更新日期:2010-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::ATRX is an X-linked gene of the SWI/SNF family, mutations in which cause syndromal mental retardation and downregulation of α-globin expression. Here we show that ATRX binds to tandem repeat (TR) sequences in both telomeres and euchromatin. Genes associated with these TRs can be dysregulated when ATRX is mutated, and ...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.09.023
更新日期:2010-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::How and when memory T cells form during an immune response are long-standing questions. To better understand memory CD8 T cell development, a time course of gene expression and functional changes in antigen-specific T cells during viral infection was evaluated. The expression of many genes continued to change after vi...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(02)01139-x
更新日期:2002-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::TGF-beta signaling controls a plethora of cellular responses and figures prominently in animal development. Recent cellular, biochemical, and structural studies have revealed significant insight into the mechanisms of the activation of TGF-beta receptors through ligand binding, the activation of Smad proteins through ...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00432-x
更新日期:2003-06-13 00:00:00
abstract::When human lymphoblastoid mRNA was microinjected into X. laevis oocytes, titers of interferon rapidly reached a maximum inside the oocyte while accumulation of interferon continued in the incubation medium for at least 45 hr. If interferon protein was injected into oocytes it was rapidly inactivated. Significantly, ne...
journal_title:Cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0092-8674(79)90260-5
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00