Abstract：
:Genetic studies have sought to identify subtypes or endophenotypes of schizophrenia in an effort to improve the reliability of findings. A number of chromosomal regions or genes have now been shown to have had replicated linkage to schizophrenia susceptibility. Molecules involved in neurodevelopment or neurotransmitter function are coded by many of the genes that have been implicated in schizophrenia. Studies of neurotransmitter function have identified, among others, a possible role for GABA, glutamate and dopamine in animal models of schizophrenia. GABA neurons that co-express the calcium binding protein parvalbumin have been implicated as have glutamatergic metabotropic receptors and dopamine D3 receptors. Stress influences glutamate and dopamine providing another environmental factor that may interact with the influence of genes on neurotransmitter function. Neurotransmitter interactions include influences on signaling molecules and these too have been implicated in forms of learning thought to be affected in schizophrenia. Results continue to unravel the interplay of genes and environment in the etiology of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.
journal_name
Neurotox Resjournal_title
Neurotoxicity researchauthors
Palomo T,Archer T,Kostrzewa RM,Beninger RJdoi
10.1007/BF03033291keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-9issue
1eissn
1029-8428issn
1476-3524journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) represents one of the neurodegenerative disorders which are caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway. Different toxins, e.g., 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), are used to model PD in animals. 6-OHDA is a neurotoxin which damages catecholaminergic neurons via produ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-017-9824-8
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aging plays a significant role in the progression of vascular diseases and vascular dysfunction. Activation of the ADP-ribosylation factor 6 and small GTPases by inflammatory signals may cause vascular permeability and endothelial leakage. Pro-inflammatory molecules have a significant effect on smooth muscle cells (SM...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12640-019-00047-5
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organophosphates (OPs) inhibit cholinesterase and hyperactivate the acetylcholinergic nervous system in the brain, causing motor disorders (e.g., tremor and seizures). Here, we performed behavioral and immunohistochemical studies in mice and rats to investigate the tremorgenic mechanism of paraoxon, an active metaboli...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-019-0007-7
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depressive symptomatology is expressed across a wide spectrum of psychiatric disorders including major depression and schizophrenia. Further, depressive symptomatology is also observed in individuals undergoing withdrawal from chronic exposure to various drugs of abuse including cocaine, amphetamine and nicotine. The ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/10298420290023963
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Local anesthetics effectively block and relieve pain, but with a relatively short duration of action, limiting its analgesic effectiveness. Therefore, a long-acting local anesthetic would improve the management of pain, but no such agent is yet available for clinical use. The aim of this study is to evaluate the poten...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s12640-009-9092-3
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer disease (AD) is a major cause of dementia. Several mechanisms have been postulated to explain its pathogenesis, beta-amyloid (A beta toxicity, cholinergic dysfunction, Tau hyper-phosphorylation, oxidative damage, synaptic dysfunction and inflammation secondary to senile plaques, among others. Glial cells are...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF03033906
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients scheduled for cochlear implantation often retain residual hearing in the low frequencies. Unfortunately, some patients lose their residual hearing following implantation and the reasons for this are not well understood. Evidence suggests that electrotoxicity could be one of the factors responsible for this la...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-019-00017-x
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A widely held view suggests that homocysteine (Hcy) can contribute to neurodegeneration through promotion of oxidative stress. There is evidence that homocysteine is toxic to cerebellar Purkinje neurons in vitro; however, in vivo action of Hcy on Purkinje cell has not been investigated so far. Thus, this study was des...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-018-9979-y
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sepsis-associated encephalopathy causes brain dysfunction that can result in cognitive impairments in sepsis survivor patients. In previous work, we showed that simvastatin attenuated oxidative stress in brain structures related to memory in septic rats. However, there is still a need to evaluate the long-term impact ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-020-00222-z
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This commentary serves as an introduction to the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique called diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) employed in the study by Arab et al. in the present issue of Neurotoxicology Research. In their study, DKI is employed for longitudinal investigation of a methamphetamine intoxication mod...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-019-00100-3
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurotrophins are initially synthesized as precursor forms that are cleaved to release C-terminal mature forms that bind to Trk receptors to initiate survival and differentiative responses. Recent studies suggest that the precursor form of NGF (proNGF) acts as a distinct ligand by binding to a receptor complex of p75 ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-009-9054-9
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Salidroside (Sal) is a natural antioxidant extracted from the root of Rhodiola rosea L. that elicits neuroprotective effects in vivo and in vitro. Tyrosol galactoside (Tyr), an analog of Sal, was recently synthesized in our laboratory. The purpose of the current study was to investigate and compare the neuroprotective...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-011-9290-7
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reward-related incentive learning involves the acquisition by neutral stimuli of an enhanced ability to elicit approach and other responses. Previous studies have shown that both dopamine (DA) and glutamate (Glu) play critical roles in this type of learning. Signaling molecules are intracellular messengers that partic...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF03033301
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the progressive degeneration of brain and spinal cord motor neurons. Ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) dysfunction and oxidative stress have been implicated in ALS pathogenesis. However, it is unknown whether the defects in thes...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-015-9532-1
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methamphetamine (METH) is an illicit drug that is also neurotoxic. Recent studies suggest that in addition to dopamine terminal degeneration in the striatum, METH causes apoptosis in cortical neurons. Earlier, we showed that c-fos knockout mice are more susceptible to the toxic effects of the drug. In order to identif...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/1029842021000045453
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), an active metabolite of vitamin D3, besides the role in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, plays a role in maintaining the functions of the brain. Active forms of vitamin D3 stimulate neurotrophic factors' expression, regulate brain immune processes, and prevent neuronal damage. ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-016-9652-2
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies investigated the prognostic role of copeptin in stroke. The aim of this study is to assess copeptin levels in serum, and investigate their associations with risk of recurrent stroke in a 1-year follow-up study in patients with ischemic stroke. In this post hoc analysis, serum levels of copeptin and NIH...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-017-9754-5
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Benzophenone-3 (BP-3), the most widely used UV chemical filter, is absorbed well through the skin and gastrointestinal tract and can affect some body functions, including the survival of nerve cells. Previously, we showed that BP-3 evoked a neurotoxic effect in male rats, but since the effects of this compound are kno...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-020-00163-7
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease very different neuronal populations undergo degenerative processes, although the cascades of cellular events leading to death are supposed to be similar. We suggest that the complex pattern of degeneration in Parkins...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03033793
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular oxidative stress and energy failure were shown to be involved in Glutamate (L-Glu) neurotoxicity, whereas, acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) and ±DL-α-lipoic acid (LA) are known to be key players in the mitochondrial energy production. To evaluate the effects of the above antioxidants, adult rats were pretreated wit...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-010-9165-3
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The senile plaques (SPs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are the two major pathological hallmarks of AD, which are composed of β-amyloid protein and Tau protein. So the β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and Tau oligomers (oTau) are the majority in the pathology of AD. Recently, the spreading of Aβ and oTau in the brain of AD ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12640-017-9765-2
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hippocampus plays an important role in memory, mood, and spatial navigation. In the dentate gyrus of the adult hippocampus, in the subgranular zone (SGZ), new cells are generated, which differentiate and mature into new neurons. Cisplatin, a highly effective antineoplastic drug with nephrotoxic and ototoxic side e...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-014-9503-y
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mitochondrial toxin, 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP), produces motor dysfunction and striatal atrophy in rats. However, rat strain and method of administration may contribute to variability in the deficits caused by 3-NP toxicity. To evaluate this, changes in nocturnal spontaneous locomotor activity from chronic admi...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03033979
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mercury is a toxic metal shown to have harmful effects on human health. Several studies have reported high blood mercury concentrations as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), while other studies have reported no such association. The goal of this study was to investigate the association between blood m...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-012-9321-z
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cultured rat fibroblasts, monkey kidney tumor cells (line Vero) and murine neuroblastoma cells were exposed to dopamine or dopaminochrome in the presence and absence of ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid is able to potentiate the toxicity of both dopamine and dopaminochrome for all the tested cells. The toxicity of dopamino...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03033278
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from the progressive loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain. To date, clinically effective neuroprotective agents have not been available. The current study demonstrates for the first time that huperzine A, a potential neuroprotec...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03033367
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mercury is a ubiquitous contaminant, and a range of chemical species is generated by human activity and natural environmental change. Elemental mercury and its inorganic and organic compounds have different toxic properties, but all them are considered hazardous in human exposure. In an equimolecular exposure basis, o...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF03033386
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complexity of the genome is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms, which act on the level of DNA, histones, and nucleosomes. Epigenetic machinery is involved in various biological processes, including embryonic development, cell differentiation, neurogenesis, and adult cell renewal. In the last few years, it has beco...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12640-014-9508-6
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine can be autoxidized to superoxides and quinones. Superoxides can form hydroxyl radicals that are highly reactive with lipids, proteins and DNA leading to neuronal damage and cell death. We used a clonal catecholaminergic cell line (CATH.a) derived from the central nervous system to evaluate the effects of dopa...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03033288
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our previous investigation showed that melamine in offspring hippocampus appeared to not be the critical factor for cognitive defects. The present study was to investigate whether the cognitive impairments induced by prenatal and postnatal melamine exposure and persisted into adulthood, and to evaluate the differences...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-015-9578-0
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
