A comprehensive view of the epigenetic landscape. Part II: Histone post-translational modification, nucleosome level, and chromatin regulation by ncRNAs.

Abstract:

:The complexity of the genome is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms, which act on the level of DNA, histones, and nucleosomes. Epigenetic machinery is involved in various biological processes, including embryonic development, cell differentiation, neurogenesis, and adult cell renewal. In the last few years, it has become clear that the number of players identified in the regulation of chromatin structure and function is still increasing. In addition to well-known phenomena, including DNA methylation and histone modification, new, important elements, including nucleosome mobility, histone tail clipping, and regulatory ncRNA molecules, are being discovered. The present paper provides the current state of knowledge about the role of 16 different histone post-translational modifications, nucleosome positioning, and histone tail clipping in the structure and function of chromatin. We also emphasize the significance of cross-talk among chromatin marks and ncRNAs in epigenetic control.

journal_name

Neurotox Res

journal_title

Neurotoxicity research

authors

Sadakierska-Chudy A,Filip M

doi

10.1007/s12640-014-9508-6

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-02-01 00:00:00

pages

172-97

issue

2

eissn

1029-8428

issn

1476-3524

journal_volume

27

pub_type

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