Abstract:
:Enhanced amino acid catabolism is a common response to inflammation, but the immunologic significance of altered amino acid consumption remains unclear. The finding that tryptophan catabolism helped maintain fetal tolerance during pregnancy provided novel insights into the significance of amino acid metabolism in controlling immunity. Recent advances in identifying molecular pathways that enhance amino acid catabolism and downstream mechanisms that affect immune cells in response to inflammatory cues support the notion that amino acid catabolism regulates innate and adaptive immune cells in pathologic settings. Cells expressing enzymes that degrade amino acids modulate antigen-presenting cell and lymphocyte functions and reveal critical roles for amino acid- and catabolite-sensing pathways in controlling gene expression, functions, and survival of immune cells. Basal amino acid catabolism may contribute to immune homeostasis that prevents autoimmunity, whereas elevated amino acid catalytic activity may reinforce immune suppression to promote tumorigenesis and persistence of some pathogens that cause chronic infections. For these reasons, there is considerable interest in generating novel drugs that inhibit or induce amino acid consumption and target downstream molecular pathways that control immunity. In this review, we summarize recent developments and highlight novel concepts and key outstanding questions in this active research field.
journal_name
Immunol Revjournal_title
Immunological reviewsauthors
McGaha TL,Huang L,Lemos H,Metz R,Mautino M,Prendergast GC,Mellor ALdoi
10.1111/j.1600-065X.2012.01149.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-09-01 00:00:00pages
135-57issue
1eissn
0105-2896issn
1600-065Xjournal_volume
249pub_type
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journal_title:Immunological reviews
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journal_title:Immunological reviews
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journal_title:Immunological reviews
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journal_title:Immunological reviews
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journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Immunological reviews
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journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2004.00161.x
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065X.2007.00513.x
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065X.2010.00937.x
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00