Transcriptional regulation of RANTES expression in T lymphocytes.

abstract：:Interest in DNA immunization of animals continues, despite the fact that immune responses induced by DNA vaccines are generally lower than those elicited by conventional vaccines. In attempts to enhance the immune response to DNA vaccines, individuals have tried a variety of immune modulators, cytokines, and costimula...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk S,Babiuk SL,Babiuk LA

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human T cell hybridomas were generated by several techniques and the supernatants generated were screened for activity on human B cells. Three general activities were noted; B cell proliferation factor ( BCPF ), B cell differentiation factor (BCDF), and an IgA isotype-specific helper factor. BCPF acts on B cells to in...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Mayer L,Fu SM,Kunkel HG

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GITR [glucocorticoid inducible tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-related protein] and 4-1BB are costimulatory TNFR family members that are expressed on regulatory and effector T cells as well as on other cells of the immune system. Here we discuss the role of GITR and 4-1BB on T cells during viral infections and i...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Snell LM,Lin GH,McPherson AJ,Moraes TJ,Watts TH

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Basal, activation, and arrest signaling in T cells determines survival, coordinates responses to pathogens, and, when dysregulated, leads to loss of self-tolerance and autoimmunity. At the T-cell surface, transmembrane glycoproteins interact with galectins via their N-glycans, forming a molecular lattice that regulate...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Grigorian A,Torossian S,Demetriou M

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immune responses to gastrointestinal nematodes have been studied extensively for over 80 years and intensively investigated over the last 30-40 years. The use of laboratory models has led to the discovery of new mechanisms of protective immunity and made major contributions to our fundamental understanding of both inn...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Grencis RK,Humphreys NE,Bancroft AJ

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are a specialized group of intracellular proteins that play a critical role in the regulation of the host innate immune response. NLRs act as scaffolding proteins that assemble signaling platforms that trigger nuclear factor-kappaB and mitogen-activated pro...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Franchi L,Warner N,Viani K,Nuñez G

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：SUMMARY:Interleukin-21 (IL-21) belongs to a family of cytokines that includes IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15, all of which bind to private (or shared) receptors as well as the common cytokine receptor gamma-chain as a component. Most cytokines in this family are critically important for both the maintenance and func...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Ettinger R,Kuchen S,Lipsky PE

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunity results from a complex interplay between the antigen-non-specific innate immune system and the antigen-specific adaptive immune system. The cells and molecules of the innate system employ non-clonal recognition receptors including lectins, Toll-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and helicases. B and T lympho...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Ueno H,Schmitt N,Klechevsky E,Pedroza-Gonzalez A,Matsui T,Zurawski G,Oh S,Fay J,Pascual V,Banchereau J,Palucka K

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sequence analysis of Ig variable region genes transcribed within different B-cell subpopulations from human tonsil led us to identify a rare DNA sequence modification event consisting of bp insertions and/or deletions (I/D). Although these events were previously reported, they had never been formally associated wi...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Wilson P,Liu YJ,Banchereau J,Capra JD,Pascual V

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on four human carboxypeptidases (CPs): two metallo-CPs and two serine CPs. The metallo-CPs are members of the so-called B-type regulatory CP family, as they cleave only the C-terminal basic amino acids Arg or Lys. The plasma membrane-bound CPM and the mainly, but not exclusively, intracellular CPD...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Skidgel RA,Erdös EG

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the biggest barriers to achieving allograft tolerance is the presence of immunological memory within the recipient, which confers a faster, more robust immune response that is in most cases more resistant to pharmacologic immunosuppression. This review will identify the mechanisms by which alloreactive T cells ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Hartigan CR,Sun H,Ford ML

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclear-factor κB (NF-κB) transcription factors are activated by a wide variety of stimuli in diverse cell types and control key aspects of immune function and development. Receptor-mediated activation of NF-κB appears to occur through two distinct signaling pathways termed as the canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pat...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Razani B,Reichardt AD,Cheng G

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antigenic peptides presented in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules originate from the degradation of both self and non-self proteins. T cells can therefore recognize at the surface of surveyed cells, the self-peptidome produced by the cell itself (mostly inducing tolerance) or immunogenic ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Argüello RJ,Reverendo M,Gatti E,Pierre P

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) and the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) constitute organized lymphoid aggregates that are capable of T- and B-cell responses to inhaled antigens. BALT, located mostly at bifurcations of the bronchus in animals and humans, is present in the fetus and develops rapid...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Bienenstock J,McDermott MR

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After more than a decade of intensive research, the precise role of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in determining the course of the infection remains open to argument. It is established that HIV-specific CTL appear early in the infection and are temporally associated with the...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Goulder P,Price D,Nowak M,Rowland-Jones S,Phillips R,McMichael A

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inoculation of plasmid DNA is a simple way to immunize, but it is characterized by low immunogenicity, which has hampered the development of effective DNA vaccines for human use. Here, we discuss how poor immunogenicity can be solved and present our proposal: genetically programmed B lymphocytes as antigen-presenting ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Zanetti M,Castiglioni P,Rizzi M,Wheeler M,Gerloni M

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Germinal centers (GCs) are specialized microenvironments formed after infection where activated B cells can mutate their B-cell receptors to undergo affinity maturation. A stringent process of selection allows high affinity, non-self-reactive B cells to become long-lived memory B cells and plasma cells. While the prec...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Vinuesa CG,Linterman MA,Goodnow CC,Randall KL

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The surface molecules that mediate activation of different subsets of T or NK cells have been reviewed. A suitable approach to the study of different lymphocyte activation pathways is provided by mAbs specific for these molecules. MAbs directed to the CD3 surface molecules mediate a polyclonal T-cell activation, where...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Moretta A,Ciccone E,Pantaleo G,Tambussi G,Bottino C,Melioli G,Mingari MC,Moretta L

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept that the immune system recognizes and controls cancer was first postulated over a century ago, and cancer immunity has continued to be vigorously debated and experimentally tested. Mounting evidence in humans and mice supports the involvement of cytokines in tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis. The id...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Smyth MJ,Cretney E,Kershaw MH,Hayakawa Y

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In addition to its effects on sexual differentiation and reproduction, estrogen has important impact on the immune system and on bone. It has also been evident that the effects of estrogen on bone to a large extent are mediated via its action on immune cells. Estrogen has a dichotomous impact on the immune system by d...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Carlsten H

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the fundamental aspects of the innate immune system is its capacity to discriminate between self and non-self or altered self, and to quickly respond by eliciting effector mechanisms that act in concert to restore normalcy. This capacity is determined by a set of evolutionarily conserved pattern recognition rec...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Saleh M

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The finding that γδ T cells are present among tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in humans suggests they participate in tumor immune surveillance, but their relevance is unclear because the relative abundance of tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells correlates with positive or negative, or even do not correlate with prognosis. Th...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Lo Presti E,Dieli F,Fourniè JJ,Meraviglia S

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used for more than 50 years to combat hematologic malignancies. In addition to being the first stem cell therapy, transplantation has provided evidence for the potent anti-tumor effects of T cells. Facilitating T-cell-based immunity against malignancies requires a caref...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Ghosh A,Holland AM,van den Brink MR

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccines need to be rationally designed in order be delivered to the immune system for maximizing induction of dynamic immune responses. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are ideal platforms for such 3D vaccines, as they allow the display of complex and native antigens in a highly repetitive form on their surface and can ea...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Mohsen MO,Augusto G,Bachmann MF

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphocytes can interfere with the activity of other lymphocytes in a thousand and one ways. A particular subset of so-called regulatory CD4+ T cells is capable of controlling the activity of other lymphocytes in yet another way. Their function is primarily defined by the ability to protect the integrity of tissues an...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Annacker O,Pimenta-Araujo R,Burlen-Defranoux O,Bandeira A

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A successful immune response depends on the migration of lymphocytes into lymph nodes or inflamed tissues where they make contact with antigen-presenting cells. We are interested in how one member of the integrin family, leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), controls the function and, in particular, the mig...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Smith A,Stanley P,Jones K,Svensson L,McDowall A,Hogg N

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The preceding paragraphs describe several uses of specific antibodies to IL-1. Standard radioimmunoassays and ELISA procedures were developed with demonstrated utility in studies attempting to quantitate the cytokine in cell culture fluids. In part, antibody-based assays circumvent the problems associated with bioassa...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Gaffney EV,Anderson AE,Pfanenstiel YT,Koch GA

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Considerable progress has been made in defining intermediate stages in the process leading from stem cells to mature B cells. Cell-bound and secreted molecules direct the progression through these stages and regulate the selection of clones from which the immune repertoire emerges. In fact, a myriad of signals derived...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Stoddart A,Fleming HE,Paige CJ

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review we address questions which must be considered if better attempts are to be made to treat all persons presently infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). There are thirty million people in the world presently living with HIV, only 10% of whom are likely to be able to access currently available dr...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Gotch F,Hardy G,Imami N

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to engineer the antibody molecule has now progressed to the stage where one can realistically contemplate creating a pharmacologically useful targeting molecule comprising a single-chain, minimal antibody combining site together with a domain that imparts a second functionality. It will certainly be possib...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Haber E

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00