Eosinophil trafficking to sites of allergic inflammation.

abstract：:For more than 25 years, it has been widely appreciated that Ca2+ influx is essential to trigger T-lymphocyte activation. Patch clamp analysis, molecular identification, and functional studies using blockers and genetic manipulation have shown that a unique contingent of ion channels orchestrates the initiation, intens...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Cahalan MD,Chandy KG

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear hormone receptor retinoid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) induces a pro-inflammatory program in lymphoid cells, culminating in the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-17, IL-22, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor. During ontogeny, the first type of cells expre...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Eberl G

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The common cytokine receptor gamma chain (gamma c) plays a critical role in lymphoid development through its participation in the receptors for IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15. Absence of gamma c results in abnormal lymphopoiesis and immunodeficiency, as evidence by X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCIDX1)...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Di Santo JP,Kühn R,Müller W

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A key unresolved challenge for developing an effective HIV-1 vaccine is the discovery of strategies to elicit immune responses that are able to cross-protect against a significant fraction of the diverse viruses that are circulating worldwide. Here, we summarize some of the immunological implications of HIV-1 diversit...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Korber B,Hraber P,Wagh K,Hahn BH

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:αβ T cells are an integral part of protective immunity against pathogens. After precursor cells arise in the adult bone marrow or fetal liver, they migrate to the thymus where they rearrange their T-cell receptor genes (TCR) and undergo selection on the basis of their interactions with ligands expressed by thymic stro...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Su LF,Davis MM

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the PD-1: PD-ligand (PD-L) pathway are both critical to terminating immune responses. Elimination of either can result in the breakdown of tolerance and the development of autoimmunity. The PD-1: PD-L pathway can thwart self-reactive T cells and protect against autoimmunity in many ways....

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Francisco LM,Sage PT,Sharpe AH

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Superantigens (SAGs) are a class of disease-causing and immunostimulatory proteins of bacterial or viral origin that activate T cells by binding to the V beta domain of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR). The three-dimensional structure of the complex between a TCR beta chain (mouse V beta 8.2-J beta 2.1-C beta 1) and ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Li H,Llera A,Mariuzza RA

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a life-saving intervention in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Immune restoration after ART dramatically reduces the incidence and severity of opportunistic diseases and death. On some occasions, immune restoration may be erratic, leading to acute inflammatory responses (kn...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Wilson EM,Sereti I

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure and amino acid diversity of the T-cell receptor (TCR), similar in nature to that of Fab portions of antibodies, would suggest that these proteins have a nearly infinite capacity to recognize antigen. Yet all currently defined native T cells expressing an α and β chain in their TCR can only sense antigen ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Castro CD,Luoma AM,Adams EJ

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The initiation of T lymphocyte responses within secondary lymphoid organs involves interactions with different subsets of dendritic cells (DCs). Recent studies have revealed the complexity of microanatomical organization within lymphoid organs. Exactly how T cells and DCs locate each other and the type of cellular int...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Ugur M,Mueller SN

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GITR [glucocorticoid inducible tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-related protein] and 4-1BB are costimulatory TNFR family members that are expressed on regulatory and effector T cells as well as on other cells of the immune system. Here we discuss the role of GITR and 4-1BB on T cells during viral infections and i...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Snell LM,Lin GH,McPherson AJ,Moraes TJ,Watts TH

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the century since Paul Portier and Charles Richet described their landmark findings of severe fatal reactions in dogs re-exposed to venom after vaccination with sea anemone venom, treatment for anaphylaxis continues to evolve. The incidence of anaphylaxis continues to be difficult to measure. Underreporting due to ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Boden SR,Wesley Burks A

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：SUMMARY:Integrins are adhesion receptors important for hematopoiesis, leukocyte trafficking, and formation of immunological synapses; hence, they may provide targets for therapeutic intervention in leukocyte-driven pathologies. Blocking integrin-ligand binding is one strategy for inhibiting integrins; however, a comple...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Cantor JM,Ginsberg MH,Rose DM

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In addition to its effects on sexual differentiation and reproduction, estrogen has important impact on the immune system and on bone. It has also been evident that the effects of estrogen on bone to a large extent are mediated via its action on immune cells. Estrogen has a dichotomous impact on the immune system by d...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Carlsten H

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TCR repertoire studies in RA have yielded conflicting data. These studies were initiated on the premise that clonal expression of T cells at the site of inflammation could serve as a target for immune therapies designed on the basis of the option to inactivate or eliminate the presumed pathogenic T cells. These analys...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Breedveld FC,Struyk L,van Laar JM,Miltenburg AM,de Vries RR,van den Elsen PJ

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NK cells express receptors for polymorphic MHC class I molecules that inhibit killing of potential target cells bearing appropriate class I allotypes. Here we review the membrane receptors on human NK cells that are known to initiate cell-mediated cytotoxicity and demonstrate regulation of these responses by the kille...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Lanier LL,Corliss B,Phillips JH

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The individual role of pathogen-binding Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and antibody-binding Fc receptors (FcRs) during pathogenic infections has been studied extensively. However, combined activation of these different receptor classes has received little attention, even though they are triggered simultaneously when immun...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： van Egmond M,Vidarsson G,Bakema JE

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TET proteins are DNA demethylases that can oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to generate 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and other oxidized mC bases (oxi-mCs). Importantly, TET proteins govern cell fate decisions during development of various cell types by activating a cell-specific gene expression program. In this review...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Tsagaratou A

更新日期：2021-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Schistosomiasis is a serious global helminthic disease, in which the main immunopathology consists of a granulomatous and fibrosing reaction against tissue-trapped parasite eggs. The severity of this inflammatory process, the product of a CD4(+) T-cell-mediated immune response against parasite egg antigens, is, howeve...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Stadecker MJ,Asahi H,Finger E,Hernandez HJ,Rutitzky LI,Sun J

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major human pathogen that causes chronic infection and life-threatening liver diseases in millions of individuals. While pathological and epidemiological consequences of clinically evident HBV infections are well recognized, there is no similar knowledge on an asymptomatic, silently progre...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Michalak TI

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the most toxic insults a cell can incur is a disruption of its linear DNA in the form of a double-strand break (DSB). Left unrepaired, or repaired improperly, these lesions can result in cell death or neoplastic transformation. Despite these dangers, lymphoid cells purposely introduce DSBs into their genome to ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Rooney S,Chaudhuri J,Alt FW

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In spite of some remarkable progress in our understanding of the immune response to parasites and in the molecular cloning of dozens of genes encoding for potentially protective proteins, no definitive step has yet been made towards operational vaccines against major human parasitic diseases. The reasons for our prese...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Capron A,Dessaint JP

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pellinos are a family of E3 ubiquitin ligases discovered for their role in catalyzing K63-linked polyubiquitination of Pelle, an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor-associated kinase homolog in the Drosophila Toll pathway. Subsequent studies have revealed the central and non-redundant roles of mammalian Pellino-1, Pellino-2...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Medvedev AE,Murphy M,Zhou H,Li X

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past 20 years, major progress has been made in our understanding of natural killer (NK) cells. It has become clear that NK cells are regulated by a number of receptors with opposite functions that finely tune potent effector functions such as cytolytic activity and release of cytokines that play a major role ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Moretta A,Locatelli F,Moretta L

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tyrosine ZAP-70 (zeta-associated protein of 70 kDa) kinase plays a critical role in activating many downstream signal transduction pathways in T cells following T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement. The importance of ZAP-70 is evidenced by the severe combined immunodeficiency that occurs in ZAP-70-deficient mice and h...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Au-Yeung BB,Deindl S,Hsu LY,Palacios EH,Levin SE,Kuriyan J,Weiss A

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD4(+) T lymphocytes orchestrate adaptive immune responses by differentiating into various subsets of effector T cells such as T-helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17, and regulatory T cells. These subsets have been generally described by master transcription factors that dictate the expression of cytokines and receptors, which u...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Pagani M,Rossetti G,Panzeri I,de Candia P,Bonnal RJ,Rossi RL,Geginat J,Abrignani S

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on four human carboxypeptidases (CPs): two metallo-CPs and two serine CPs. The metallo-CPs are members of the so-called B-type regulatory CP family, as they cleave only the C-terminal basic amino acids Arg or Lys. The plasma membrane-bound CPM and the mainly, but not exclusively, intracellular CPD...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Skidgel RA,Erdös EG

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human leukocyte receptor complex (LRC) contains at least 26 genes which belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily The genes include two clusters of immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT)/leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR)/monocyte-macrophage inhibitory receptor (MIR) loci, a cluster of killer cell inhibitor...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Volz A,Wende H,Laun K,Ziegler A

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lung constantly interacts with the environment through thousands of liters of air that are inhaled daily. This continually transports toxic chemicals and particles or pathogenic microorganisms deep into the respiratory system, posing a challenge to physicochemical barriers and the local immune system. Thus, comple...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Hasenberg M,Stegemann-Koniszewski S,Gunzer M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The substantial importance of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) in leukocyte trafficking has continued to emerge beyond its initial identification as a selectin ligand. PSGL-1 seemed to be a relatively simple molecule with an extracellular mucin domain extended as a flexible rod, teleologically consistent with...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Carlow DA,Gossens K,Naus S,Veerman KM,Seo W,Ziltener HJ

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00