Abstract:
:The monoclonal antibody, A2B4-2, specifically bound to and inhibited antigen-induced IL-2 release from the cloned pigeon cytochrome c-specific T cell hybrid, 2B4. The initial immunoprecipitation with these reagents demonstrated a protein of 85-90kd on non-reducing conditions, and two bands of 45-50 and 40-44 on reducing conditions. These data enabled us to conclude that this monoclonal antibody bound to the antigen receptor on the 2B4 cell. In this paper we have presented results that further define the receptor structure. The migration pattern of the protein on SDS-PAGE in the presence and absence of reducing agents was consistent with the interpretation that the receptor has intrachain disulfide bonds that create globular domains. Sequence data from the recently described cDNA clones that encode receptor genes confirm that there are cysteine residues in positions that could be involved in such disulfide bonding. Since both alpha and beta chains behave identically on the SDS-PAGE we predict that both chains have the same double domain structure. The antigen receptor has a heterodimeric structure. A relatively simple acidic alpha chain is bound to one of two forms of the beta chain. Some of the receptors have a beta chain equal in molecular weight to the alpha chain, while some of the beta chains (beta') are heavier and more acidic. The difference in beta chain forms appears to be due to different levels of glycosylation of this chain. The cDNA sequence data demonstrate that there are several possible carbohydrate addition sites on the protein encoded by this gene so it may be that 2B4 beta chains are present that are either completely or partially glycosylated at these sites. Finally, we have presented a preliminary experiment that indicates that a smaller 20-25kd molecule is associated with the antigen receptor. The well characterized T3 molecule appears to be in a complex with the clonotypic structure on human T cells. The crosslinking data that we present suggests that a similar molecule may be present in the murine system.
journal_name
Immunol Revjournal_title
Immunological reviewsauthors
Samelson LE,Schwartz RHdoi
10.1111/j.1600-065x.1984.tb01107.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-10-01 00:00:00pages
131-44eissn
0105-2896issn
1600-065Xjournal_volume
81pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Rabbits have helped elucidate one of the major immunologic puzzles, namely the genetic control of antibody diversity. The primary IgH antibody repertoire in rabbits is dominated by B cells that use the same germline VH-gene segment in VDJ gene rearrangements. The VDJ genes of essentially all B lymphocytes undergo soma...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1998.tb01427.x
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::After more than a decade of intensive research, the precise role of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in determining the course of the infection remains open to argument. It is established that HIV-specific CTL appear early in the infection and are temporally associated with the...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1997.tb01004.x
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because of its intrinsic virulence, Toxoplasma gondii induces a potent interleukin-12 (IL-12)-dependent cell-mediated immune response that shuts down the growth of the replicative tachyzoite stage, thus promoting host survival and successful transmission through predation. At the same time, this response must be tight...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2004.00179.x
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) is a highly conserved region in the cytoplasmic domain of signaling chains and receptors and is a critical mediator of intracellular signals. ITAM-mediated signals depend on the Syk or zeta-associated protein of 70 kDa tyrosine kinases, and ITAM signaling is re...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2005.00325.x
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Self-tolerance is achieved by deleting or regulating self-reactive lymphocytes at a series of cellular checkpoints placed at many points along the developmental pathways to plasma cells and effector T cells. At each checkpoint, what are the molecular pathways that determine whether a lymphocyte remains quiescent, begi...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1034/j.1600-065x.2000.00614.x
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The regulation of immunological tolerance is considered from the perspective of contextual discrimination, rather than self-nonself discrimination. According to the adaptive lymphocyte hypothesis, the scale of immune aggression versus tolerance can be regulated at the cell population level, but individual cells also t...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1993.tb01509.x
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the past several years, we have been studying the circulating TCR gamma delta cells expressed in peripheral lymphoid tissues. Biochemical and molecular characterization of the TCR gamma delta heterodimers present on these TCR gamma delta cells identified 3 TCR gamma proteins, V gamma 2-C gamma 1, V gamma 1.2-C ...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1991.tb00585.x
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The innate immune system is responsible for detecting microbial invasion of the cell and for stimulating host defense countermeasures. These anti-pathogen procedures include the transcriptional activation of powerful antiviral genes such as the type I interferons (IFNs) or the triggering of inflammatory responses thro...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065X.2011.01051.x
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP) is an inherited immune defect caused by mutations in the Src homology 2 domain-containing gene 1A, which encodes the adapter protein, signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM)-associated protein (SAP). SAP is expressed in T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and NKT cel...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2005.00230.x
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The surface molecules that mediate activation of different subsets of T or NK cells have been reviewed. A suitable approach to the study of different lymphocyte activation pathways is provided by mAbs specific for these molecules. MAbs directed to the CD3 surface molecules mediate a polyclonal T-cell activation, where...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1989.tb00545.x
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vertebrate immune system has evolved to deal with parasitic life forms, so it is hardly surprising that experiments with pathogens have proved illuminating for immunology. Those of us who have worked for years with infectious processes are acutely conscious that we do little more than probe the vast 'experiment of...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-065x.2002.18505.x
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::T-cell development is a highly coordinated process that depends on interactions between thymocytes, thymic epithelium, and bone marrow (BM)-derived dendritic cells (DCs). Before entering the peripheral T-cell pool, thymocytes are subject to negative selection, a process that eliminates (or deletes) T cells with high a...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2006.00348.x
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations of the genes encoding T-cell receptor (TCR)-proximal signaling molecules, such as ZAP-70, can be causative of immunological diseases ranging from T-cell immunodeficiency to T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease. For example, SKG mice, which carry a hypomorphic point mutation of the Zap-70 gene, spontaneously de...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/imr.12841
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human leukocyte receptor complex (LRC) contains at least 26 genes which belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily The genes include two clusters of immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT)/leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR)/monocyte-macrophage inhibitory receptor (MIR) loci, a cluster of killer cell inhibitor...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1034/j.1600-065x.2001.1810103.x
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determination of the crystal structure of class II: peptide complexes has shown that in addition to pocket interactions involving the side chains of the peptide, peptide binding to MHC class II molecules is characterized by a series of hydrogen bonds which are contributed by genetically conserved amino acid residues i...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1999.tb01369.x
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the human, most IgM+IgD+ as well as CD5+ peripheral blood B cells express unmutated V genes and thus can be assigned to a pre-germinal centre (GC) stage of development. The memory B-cell compartment generated in the GC reaction and characterized by cells bearing somatically mutated V-region genes consists not only ...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1998.tb01447.x
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Group 1 innate lymphocytes consist of a phenotypically, spatially, and functionally heterogeneous population of NK cells and ILC1s that are engaged during pathogen invasion. We are only beginning to understand the context-dependent roles that different subsets of group 1 innate lymphocytes play during homeostatic pert...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/imr.12710
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:SUMMARY:Dengue viruses (DENV) are the mosquito-borne viruses of greatest global public health importance. DENV circulate as four serotypes with significant immunologic cross-reactivity that does not provide protection from secondary infection with heterologous serotypes. The strong association of severe dengue illness,...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00678.x
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The AIDS pandemic is a global emergency and a preventive vaccine is urgently needed. CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses appear important in controlling human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 in humans and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in macaques. The utility of vaccines that induce high levels of SIV- or HIV-specific T...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1034/j.1600-065x.2001.1830108.x
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immune system is capable of recognizing and eliminating an enormous array of pathogens due to the extremely diverse antigen receptor repertoire of T and B lymphocytes. However, the development of lymphocytes bearing receptors with unique specificities requires the generation of programmed double strand breaks (DSB...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2006.00361.x
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The discovery of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) protein and the delineation of its critical contributions in the establishment of central immune tolerance has significantly expanded our understanding of the immunological mechanisms that protect from the development of autoimmune disease. The parallel identification a...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/imr.12714
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the century since Paul Portier and Charles Richet described their landmark findings of severe fatal reactions in dogs re-exposed to venom after vaccination with sea anemone venom, treatment for anaphylaxis continues to evolve. The incidence of anaphylaxis continues to be difficult to measure. Underreporting due to ...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065X.2011.01028.x
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral infections may induce and sustain autoimmune processes via several and overlapping mechanisms. We outline how chronic inflammation, sustained by persisting viruses, may be "the prerequisite" for initiation and maintenance of the multistep process leading to autoimmunity. Chronic inflammation may favour priming o...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1998.tb01204.x
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used for more than 50 years to combat hematologic malignancies. In addition to being the first stem cell therapy, transplantation has provided evidence for the potent anti-tumor effects of T cells. Facilitating T-cell-based immunity against malignancies requires a caref...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/imr.12142
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::T-cell development primarily occurs in the thymus and involves in the interactions of many important transcription factors. Until recently, no single transcription factor has been identified to be essential for T-cell lineage commitment or maintenance of T-cell identity. Recent studies have now identified the zinc fin...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065X.2010.00953.x
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that control the maturation and production of interleukin-1 family members and play crucial roles in host defense against pathogens. However, dysregulated activation of inflammasomes is associated with intense inflammation, leading to the development of inflammatory diseases. T...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/imr.12613
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments with transgenic mice illustrate clonal elimination of T cells specific for antigens expressed appropriately in the thymus, but presence of inducible T cells when the antigen presented on class I MHC antigens is expressed exclusively on non-lymphohemopoietic cells in the periphery (pancreatic beta islet cel...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1991.tb00601.x
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell transplantation and tissue regeneration studies indicate a surprisingly broad developmental potential for lineage-committed hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Under these conditions HSCs transition into myocytes, neurons, hepatocytes or other types of nonhematopoietic effector cells. Equally impressive is the progr...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1034/j.1600-065x.2002.18703.x
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular communications between a human CD4+ clone and autologous CD4+ clones induced with the first clone are described. The autoreactive clones proliferated after stimulation with the inducer clone, but not after stimulation with autologous clones expressing irrelevant specificities. The inducer clone markedly l...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1990.tb00804.x
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD4(+) T lymphocytes orchestrate adaptive immune responses by differentiating into various subsets of effector T cells such as T-helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17, and regulatory T cells. These subsets have been generally described by master transcription factors that dictate the expression of cytokines and receptors, which u...
journal_title:Immunological reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/imr.12055
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00