Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize reports published since the 2013 American Society of Bone and Mineral Research Task Force Report on atypical femoral fractures (AFF). RECENT FINDINGS:The absolute incidence of AFFs remains low. AFFs are primarily associated with prolonged bisphosphonate (BP) exposure, but have also been reported in unexposed patients and those receiving denosumab for osteoporosis and metastatic bone disease. Asians may be more susceptible to AFFs. Lateral femoral bowing and varus hip geometry, which increase loading forces on the lateral femoral cortex, may increase AFF risk. Altered bone material properties associated with BP therapy may predispose to AFFs by permitting initiation and increasing propagation of micro-cracks. Relevant genetic mutations have been reported in patients with AFFs. Single X-ray absorptiometry femur scans permit early detection of incomplete and/or asymptomatic AFFs. Orthopedists recommend intramedullary rods for complete AFFs and for incomplete, radiologically advanced AFFs associated with pain and/or marrow edema on MRI. Teriparatide may advance AFF healing but few data support its efficacy. Greater understanding of biological and genetic predisposition to AFF may allow characterization of individual risk prior to initiating osteoporosis therapy and help allay fear in those at low risk for this complication, which remains rare in comparison to the osteoporotic fractures prevented by antiresorptive therapy.
journal_name
Curr Osteoporos Repjournal_title
Current osteoporosis reportsauthors
Starr J,Tay YKD,Shane Edoi
10.1007/s11914-018-0464-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-08-01 00:00:00pages
519-529issue
4eissn
1544-1873issn
1544-2241pii
10.1007/s11914-018-0464-6journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Identifying individuals at high fracture risk can be used to target those likely to derive the greatest benefit from treatment. This narrative review examines recent developments in using specific risk factors used to assess fracture risk, with a focus on publications in the last 3 years. RECENT FIND...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00590-7
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis in men is an unrecognized but growing problem as the number of men who live to old age increases. The 10-year fracture risk at age 50 quadruples by age 80, and in general the incidence rate of osteoporotic fracture in men is about half that of women. Of note, the mortality and morbidity after hip fracture...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-996-0030-5
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporotic fractures result in significant morbidity and mortality. Anabolic agents reverse the negative skeletal balance that characterizes osteoporosis by stimulating osteoblast-dependent bone formation to a greater degree than osteoclast-dependent bone resorption. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and parathyroid hormone...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-013-0171-2
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caloric restriction caused by undernutrition or over-exercise is increasingly common and has significant health consequences such as hypothalamic amenorrhea, infertility, attainment of low peak bone mass, and bone loss leading to fracture. In these patients, the pathophysiology of amenorrhea and bone loss is multifact...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-007-0011-3
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The greatest cause of preventable morbidity and mortality is smoking, and one of the often-underappreciated effects of smoking is profound bone loss. The existing clinical paradigm for smoking is that there is a low turnover osteoporosis. This review highlights findings from recent clinical trials and animal research ...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-011-0068-x
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This paper describes recent advances in understanding the mechanisms that drive fracture pain and how these findings are helping develop new therapies to treat fracture pain. RECENT FINDINGS:Immediately following fracture, mechanosensitive nerve fibers that innervate bone are mechanically distorted. ...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-018-0446-8
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The occurrence of a fragility fracture is an opportunity to recognize osteoporosis and begin treatment to reduce the risk of another fracture. However, selecting the treatment may have an impact on the incident fracture and this requires careful consideration of the patient and the treatment choices. There is no conse...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-011-0061-4
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteocytes, the most abundant cell type in bone, remain the least characterized. Several theories have been proposed regarding their function, including osteolysis, sensing the strains produced in response to mechanical loading of bones, and producing signals that affect the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts and...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-007-0007-z
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis presents a dilemma for the orthopedic surgeon. Screw fixation within the bone is crucial for mechanical stabilization, maintenance of reduction, and ultimately, fracture healing. For the patient, soft bones and physiological fragility usually benefit from immediate weight bearing and mobility to avoid fur...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11914-012-0124-1
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this review was to compile a list of tools currently available to study bone cells and in particular osteocytes. As the interest (and importance) in osteocyte biology has greatly expanded over the past decade, new tools and techniques have become available to study these elusive cells, RECE...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00613-3
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stem cells differ from other cells of the body in their potential for multilineage differentiation and their continued proliferation without substantial loss of potential (so-called self-renewal). These properties are maintained and regulated by a specific microenvironment referred to as "niche." This term has been us...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-011-0075-y
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Statistical models (SMs) of shape (SSM) and appearance (SAM) have been acquiring popularity in medical image analysis since they were introduced in the early 1990s. They have been primarily used for segmentation, but they are also a powerful tool for 3D reconstruction and classification. All these tasks may be require...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-014-0206-3
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pediatric origin of osteoporosis has led many investigators to focus on determining factors that influence bone gain during growth and methods for optimizing this gain. Bone responds to bone loading activities by increasing mass or size. Overall, pediatric studies have found a positive effect of bone loading on bo...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-013-0152-5
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We outline the diverse processes contributing to bone mineralization and bone matrix maturation by describing two mouse models with bone strength defects caused by restricted deletion of the receptor tyrosine kinase ligand EphrinB2. RECENT FINDINGS:Stage-specific EphrinB2 deletion differs in its effe...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-019-00524-y
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The age-related loss of skeletal muscle and bone tissue decreases functionality and increases the risk for falls and injuries. One contributing factor of muscle and bone loss over time is chronic low-grade inflammation. Exercise training is an effective countermeasure for decreasing the loss of muscle...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00596-1
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Frailty is highly prevalent in the elderly, increasing the risk of poor outcomes that include falls, incident disability, hospitalization, and mortality. Thus, a great need exists to characterize the underlying mechanisms and ultimately identify strategies that prevent, delay, and even reverse frailty. Mouse models ca...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-015-0283-y
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Musculoskeletal diseases are highly prevalent with staggering annual health care costs across the globe. The combined wasting of muscle (sarcopenia) and bone (osteoporosis)-both in normal aging and pathologic states-can lead to vastly compounded risk for fracture in patients. Until now, our therapeutic approach to the...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-014-0204-5
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review critiques the ability of CT-based methods to predict incident hip and vertebral fractures. RECENT FINDINGS:CT-based techniques with concurrent calibration all show strong associations with incident hip and vertebral fracture, predicting hip and vertebral fractures as well as, and sometime...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-018-0450-z
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microbial biofilms have been observed and described in bone specimens of patients with bisphosphonate (BP)-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BONJ) and investigators are more recently suggesting that this condition essentially represents an osteomyelitis of the jaw clinically, with greater susceptibility in some pat...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11914-010-0008-1
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many orthobiologic adjuvants are available and widely utilized for general skeletal restoration. Their use for the specific task of osteoporotic fracture augmentation is less well recognized. Common conductive materials are reviewed for their value in this patient population including the large group of allograft adju...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-014-0249-5
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to explore the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1 or CCL2) in the processes that underpin bone remodelling, particularly the action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and its role in the development and metastasis of cancers that target the bone. RECENT FINDI...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-019-00545-7
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prior fracture is a well-documented risk factor for a subsequent fracture and it doubles the risk of subsequent fractures. Few studies have investigated the time that elapses between the initial and subsequent fracture. These studies show that the subsequent fracture risk is not constant, but fluctuates over time. T...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-010-0023-2
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, the measurement of areal bone mineral density (aBMD) is used at NASA to evaluate the effects of spaceflight on the skeletal health of astronauts. Notably, there are precipitous declines in aBMD with losses >10 % detected in the hip and spine in some astronauts following a typical 6-month mission in space. H...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-013-0136-5
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surrogate markers in clinical medicine provide a useful means to assess therapeutic response to pharmacologic therapy in a wide range of chronic disease states. In the area of osteoporosis, the surrogate markers of change in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers (BTM) provide the clinician with a means ...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-005-0018-6
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Musculoskeletal pain disorders are the second largest contributor to global disability underlining the significance of effective treatments. However, treating chronic musculoskeletal pain, and chronic joint pain (osteoarthritis (OA)) in particular, is challenging as the underlying peripheral and central pain mechanism...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-015-0276-x
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a previous version of this publication, the author Mercedes Rodriguez Celin's name was listed as M.R. Celin. ...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00637-9
更新日期:2020-10-29 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW:The goal of the review is to provide an updated understanding of the pathophysiology of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and treatment recommendations. RECENT FINDINGS:Glucocorticoids reduce osteoblast and osteocyte lifespan and activity and reduce the vascularity of the bone that together ma...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-019-00498-x
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The goal of the review is to summarize the current knowledge on the process of chondrocyte-to-osteoblast transdifferentiation during endochondral bone formation and its potential implications in fracture healing and disease. RECENT FINDINGS:Lineage tracing experiments confirmed the transdifferentiati...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-019-00511-3
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Denosumab is an inhibitor of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), and has emerged as an important novel therapy for skeletal disorders. This article examines the use of denosumab in children. RECENT FINDINGS:Considerable safety and efficacy data exists for denosumab treatment ...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-017-0380-1
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:One aim in bone tissue engineering is to develop human cell-based, 3D in vitro bone models to study bone physiology and pathology. Due to the heterogeneity of cells among patients, patient's own cells are needed to be obtained, ideally, from one single cell source. This review attempts to identify the...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00648-6
更新日期:2021-01-15 00:00:00