Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this review was to compile a list of tools currently available to study bone cells and in particular osteocytes. As the interest (and importance) in osteocyte biology has greatly expanded over the past decade, new tools and techniques have become available to study these elusive cells, RECENT FINDINGS: Osteocytes are the main orchestrators of bone remodeling. They control both osteoblasts and osteoclast activities via cell-to cell communication or through secreted factors. Osteocytes are also the mechanosensors of the bone and they orchestrate skeletal adaptation to loads. Recent discoveries have greatly expanded our knowledge and understanding of these cells and new models are now available to further uncover the functions of osteocytes. Novel osteocytic cell lines, primary cultures, and 3D scaffolds are now available to investigators to further unravel the functions and roles of these cells.
journal_name
Curr Osteoporos Repjournal_title
Current osteoporosis reportsauthors
Divieti Pajevic Pdoi
10.1007/s11914-020-00613-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-01 00:00:00pages
551-558issue
5eissn
1544-1873issn
1544-2241pii
10.1007/s11914-020-00613-3journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Osteogenesis is a complex process involving the specification of multiple progenitor cells and their maturation and differentiation into matrix-secreting osteoblasts. Osteogenesis occurs not only during embryogenesis but also during growth, after an injury, and in normal homeostatic maintenance. While...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-017-0379-7
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The age-related loss of skeletal muscle and bone tissue decreases functionality and increases the risk for falls and injuries. One contributing factor of muscle and bone loss over time is chronic low-grade inflammation. Exercise training is an effective countermeasure for decreasing the loss of muscle...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00596-1
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding of osteoclast formation and activation has advanced considerably since the discovery of the RANKL/RANK/OPG system in the mid 1990s. Osteoblasts and stromal stem cells express receptor activator of NF-jB ligand (RANKL), which binds to its receptor, RANK, on the surface of osteoclasts and their precursors....
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11914-007-0024-y
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review outlines the recent findings regarding the impact of bariatric surgery on bone. It explores potential mechanisms for skeletal changes following bariatric surgery and strategies for management. RECENT FINDINGS:Bone loss following bariatric surgery is multifactorial. Probable mechanisms inc...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00579-2
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low vitamin D status, which is endemic due to inadequate oral intake combined with sun avoidance, contributes to musculoskeletal and other pathologies. Although controversial, it is increasingly recommended that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) concentrations less than 30 ng/mL be considered suboptimal. Clinicians shou...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-008-0017-5
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Musculoskeletal diseases are highly prevalent with staggering annual health care costs across the globe. The combined wasting of muscle (sarcopenia) and bone (osteoporosis)-both in normal aging and pathologic states-can lead to vastly compounded risk for fracture in patients. Until now, our therapeutic approach to the...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-014-0204-5
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin D, acting through its active metabolite 1,25(OH)(2)D(3), exerts its influence on many physiologic processes in addition to the regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis. These processes include the immune system. Both the adaptive and innate immune systems are affected by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and its receptor...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11914-009-0011-6
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium is the dominant mineral in bone and is a shortfall nutrient in the diet. For those consuming inadequate dietary calcium, calcium supplements have been a standard strategy for prevention of osteoporosis. Recently, calcium supplementation has been linked to both increased and decreased cardiovascular disease ris...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-014-0208-1
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Frailty is highly prevalent in the elderly, increasing the risk of poor outcomes that include falls, incident disability, hospitalization, and mortality. Thus, a great need exists to characterize the underlying mechanisms and ultimately identify strategies that prevent, delay, and even reverse frailty. Mouse models ca...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-015-0283-y
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This paper describes recent advances in understanding the mechanisms that drive fracture pain and how these findings are helping develop new therapies to treat fracture pain. RECENT FINDINGS:Immediately following fracture, mechanosensitive nerve fibers that innervate bone are mechanically distorted. ...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-018-0446-8
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteocytes, the most abundant cell type in bone, remain the least characterized. Several theories have been proposed regarding their function, including osteolysis, sensing the strains produced in response to mechanical loading of bones, and producing signals that affect the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts and...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-007-0007-z
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Fractures of osteoporotic bone in elderly individuals need special attention. This manuscript reviews the current strategies to provide sufficient fracture fixation stability with a particular focus on fractures that frequently occur in elderly individuals with osteoporosis and require full load-beari...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-019-00535-9
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Musculoskeletal pain disorders are the second largest contributor to global disability underlining the significance of effective treatments. However, treating chronic musculoskeletal pain, and chronic joint pain (osteoarthritis (OA)) in particular, is challenging as the underlying peripheral and central pain mechanism...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-015-0276-x
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, the measurement of areal bone mineral density (aBMD) is used at NASA to evaluate the effects of spaceflight on the skeletal health of astronauts. Notably, there are precipitous declines in aBMD with losses >10 % detected in the hip and spine in some astronauts following a typical 6-month mission in space. H...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-013-0136-5
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone metastasis is a deadly complication of cancers arising from many different primary tumor locations. Cross talk between cancer and bone cells is a well-established driver of bone metastasis, and recent work reveals microRNA (miRNA) as key players in this communication. Functional significance of miRNA was first de...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-016-0316-1
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In addition to the actions of the endocrine hormone, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) in stimulating intestinal calcium absorption, the regulation of bone mineral metabolism by 1,25(OH)2D is also considered an important contributor to calcium homeostasis. However, recent evidence suggest that...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-017-0394-8
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The musculoskeletal system is a complex organ comprised of the skeletal bones, skeletal muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, joints, and other connective tissue that physically and mechanically interact to provide animals and humans with the essential ability of locomotion. This mechanical interaction is undoubtedl...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-014-0209-0
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The goal of this paper is to review state-of-the-art transcriptome profiling methods and their recent applications in the field of skeletal biology. RECENT FINDINGS:Next-generation sequencing of mRNA (RNA-seq) methods have been established and routinely used in skeletal biology research. RNA-seq has ...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-019-00517-x
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Authors review the safety and efficacy of romosozumab for the treatment of osteoporosis as demonstrated in three phase III clinical trials and offer insights into the potential cardiovascular risk associated with its use. RECENT FINDINGS:Incidence of new vertebral fracture is dramatically reduced wit...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00652-w
更新日期:2021-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::There is an increasing repertoire of laboratory tests available for assessing the bone remodeling process. Biochemical markers of bone remodeling can be measured in serum or urine, and have a number of potential roles in the management of fracture risk. Differences in remodeling between individuals might be related to...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-996-0002-9
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on spiral 3D tomography a large variety of applications have been developed during the last decade to asses bone mineral density, bone macro and micro structure, and bone strength. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) using clinical whole body scanners provides separate assessment of trabecular, cortical, and ...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-013-0147-2
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microcrack accumulation in cortical bone has been implicated in skeletal fragility and stress fractures. These cracks have also been shown to affect the mechanical and material properties of cortical bone. Their growth has been linked to osteocyte apoptosis and the initiation of the remodeling process, which also has ...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-005-0002-1
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microbial biofilms have been observed and described in bone specimens of patients with bisphosphonate (BP)-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BONJ) and investigators are more recently suggesting that this condition essentially represents an osteomyelitis of the jaw clinically, with greater susceptibility in some pat...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11914-010-0008-1
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a previous version of this publication, the author Mercedes Rodriguez Celin's name was listed as M.R. Celin. ...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00637-9
更新日期:2020-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Stem cells differ from other cells of the body in their potential for multilineage differentiation and their continued proliferation without substantial loss of potential (so-called self-renewal). These properties are maintained and regulated by a specific microenvironment referred to as "niche." This term has been us...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-011-0075-y
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prior fracture is a well-documented risk factor for a subsequent fracture and it doubles the risk of subsequent fractures. Few studies have investigated the time that elapses between the initial and subsequent fracture. These studies show that the subsequent fracture risk is not constant, but fluctuates over time. T...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-010-0023-2
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis in men is an unrecognized but growing problem as the number of men who live to old age increases. The 10-year fracture risk at age 50 quadruples by age 80, and in general the incidence rate of osteoporotic fracture in men is about half that of women. Of note, the mortality and morbidity after hip fracture...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-996-0030-5
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The past decade has seen a significant expansion of our understanding of the interaction between the neural system and bone. While innervation of bone was long appreciated, the discovery of central relays from the hypothalamus to the cells of bone has seen the identification of a number of efferent neural pathways to ...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-012-0102-7
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caloric restriction caused by undernutrition or over-exercise is increasingly common and has significant health consequences such as hypothalamic amenorrhea, infertility, attainment of low peak bone mass, and bone loss leading to fracture. In these patients, the pathophysiology of amenorrhea and bone loss is multifact...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-007-0011-3
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aims of this review are to summarize current performance for osteoporosis quality measures used by Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) for pay-for-performance programs and to describe recent quality improvement strategies around these measures. RECENT FINDINGS:Healthcare Effectiveness Data an...
journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11914-019-00547-5
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00