Abstract：
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review critiques the ability of CT-based methods to predict incident hip and vertebral fractures. RECENT FINDINGS:CT-based techniques with concurrent calibration all show strong associations with incident hip and vertebral fracture, predicting hip and vertebral fractures as well as, and sometimes better than, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry areal biomass density (DXA aBMD). There is growing evidence for use of routine CT scans for bone health assessment. CT-based techniques provide a robust approach for osteoporosis diagnosis and fracture prediction. It remains to be seen if further technical advances will improve fracture prediction compared to DXA aBMD. Future work should include more standardization in CT analyses, establishment of treatment intervention thresholds, and more studies to determine whether routine CT scans can be efficiently used to expand the number of individuals who undergo evaluation for fracture risk.
journal_name
Curr Osteoporos Repjournal_title
Current osteoporosis reportsauthors
Johannesdottir F,Allaire B,Bouxsein MLdoi
10.1007/s11914-018-0450-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-08-01 00:00:00pages
411-422issue
4eissn
1544-1873issn
1544-2241pii
10.1007/s11914-018-0450-zjournal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Understanding of osteoclast formation and activation has advanced considerably since the discovery of the RANKL/RANK/OPG system in the mid 1990s. Osteoblasts and stromal stem cells express receptor activator of NF-jB ligand (RANKL), which binds to its receptor, RANK, on the surface of osteoclasts and their precursors....
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11914-007-0024-y
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to explore the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1 or CCL2) in the processes that underpin bone remodelling, particularly the action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and its role in the development and metastasis of cancers that target the bone. RECENT FINDI...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-019-00545-7
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a previous version of this publication, the author Mercedes Rodriguez Celin's name was listed as M.R. Celin. ...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 已发布勘误
doi：10.1007/s11914-020-00637-9
更新日期：2020-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoporosis presents a dilemma for the orthopedic surgeon. Screw fixation within the bone is crucial for mechanical stabilization, maintenance of reduction, and ultimately, fracture healing. For the patient, soft bones and physiological fragility usually benefit from immediate weight bearing and mobility to avoid fur...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11914-012-0124-1
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone metastasis is a deadly complication of cancers arising from many different primary tumor locations. Cross talk between cancer and bone cells is a well-established driver of bone metastasis, and recent work reveals microRNA (miRNA) as key players in this communication. Functional significance of miRNA was first de...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-016-0316-1
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Authors review the safety and efficacy of romosozumab for the treatment of osteoporosis as demonstrated in three phase III clinical trials and offer insights into the potential cardiovascular risk associated with its use. RECENT FINDINGS:Incidence of new vertebral fracture is dramatically reduced wit...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-020-00652-w
更新日期：2021-01-07 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Neurogenic heterotopic ossification (NHO) is the abnormal formation of extra-skeletal bones in periarticular muscles after damage to the central nervous system (CNS) such as spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, or cerebral anoxia. The purpose of this review is to summarize r...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-020-00636-w
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The past decade has seen a significant expansion of our understanding of the interaction between the neural system and bone. While innervation of bone was long appreciated, the discovery of central relays from the hypothalamus to the cells of bone has seen the identification of a number of efferent neural pathways to ...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-012-0102-7
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nutritional status is an essential component in determining whole body energy homeostasis. The balance between energy/food intake and metabolism is governed by a range of hormones secreted from various parts of the body. Their subsequent dissemination via the blood results in a wide range of biological responses inclu...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-013-0157-0
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review outlines the recent findings regarding the impact of bariatric surgery on bone. It explores potential mechanisms for skeletal changes following bariatric surgery and strategies for management. RECENT FINDINGS:Bone loss following bariatric surgery is multifactorial. Probable mechanisms inc...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-020-00579-2
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Here, we overview the latest findings from studies investigating the skeletal endocannabinoid (EC) system and its involvement in bone formation and resorption. RECENT FINDINGS:The endocannabinoid system consists of endogenous ligands, receptors, and enzymes. The main cannabinoids found in the cannabi...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-020-00607-1
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The occurrence of a fragility fracture is an opportunity to recognize osteoporosis and begin treatment to reduce the risk of another fracture. However, selecting the treatment may have an impact on the incident fracture and this requires careful consideration of the patient and the treatment choices. There is no conse...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-011-0061-4
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Osteogenesis is a complex process involving the specification of multiple progenitor cells and their maturation and differentiation into matrix-secreting osteoblasts. Osteogenesis occurs not only during embryogenesis but also during growth, after an injury, and in normal homeostatic maintenance. While...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-017-0379-7
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A prior fracture is a well-documented risk factor for a subsequent fracture and it doubles the risk of subsequent fractures. Few studies have investigated the time that elapses between the initial and subsequent fracture. These studies show that the subsequent fracture risk is not constant, but fluctuates over time. T...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-010-0023-2
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The goal of this paper is to review state-of-the-art transcriptome profiling methods and their recent applications in the field of skeletal biology. RECENT FINDINGS:Next-generation sequencing of mRNA (RNA-seq) methods have been established and routinely used in skeletal biology research. RNA-seq has ...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-019-00517-x
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW:The goal of the review is to provide an updated understanding of the pathophysiology of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and treatment recommendations. RECENT FINDINGS:Glucocorticoids reduce osteoblast and osteocyte lifespan and activity and reduce the vascularity of the bone that together ma...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-019-00498-x
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Currently, the measurement of areal bone mineral density (aBMD) is used at NASA to evaluate the effects of spaceflight on the skeletal health of astronauts. Notably, there are precipitous declines in aBMD with losses >10 % detected in the hip and spine in some astronauts following a typical 6-month mission in space. H...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-013-0136-5
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium is the dominant mineral in bone and is a shortfall nutrient in the diet. For those consuming inadequate dietary calcium, calcium supplements have been a standard strategy for prevention of osteoporosis. Recently, calcium supplementation has been linked to both increased and decreased cardiovascular disease ris...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-014-0208-1
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoporotic fractures result in significant morbidity and mortality. Anabolic agents reverse the negative skeletal balance that characterizes osteoporosis by stimulating osteoblast-dependent bone formation to a greater degree than osteoclast-dependent bone resorption. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and parathyroid hormone...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-013-0171-2
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This study aims to describe bone marrow fat changes in diabetes and to discuss the potential role of marrow fat in skeletal fragility. RECENT FINDINGS:Advances in non-invasive imaging have facilitated marrow fat research in humans. In contrast to animal studies which clearly demonstrate higher levels...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-016-0336-x
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is an increasing repertoire of laboratory tests available for assessing the bone remodeling process. Biochemical markers of bone remodeling can be measured in serum or urine, and have a number of potential roles in the management of fracture risk. Differences in remodeling between individuals might be related to...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-996-0002-9
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In addition to the actions of the endocrine hormone, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) in stimulating intestinal calcium absorption, the regulation of bone mineral metabolism by 1,25(OH)2D is also considered an important contributor to calcium homeostasis. However, recent evidence suggest that...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-017-0394-8
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intercellular communication within the bone microenvironment is critical for the maintenance of normal bone structure. Osteoblast-lineage cells at all stages of differentiation, from pluripotent precursors to matrix-embedded osteocytes, produce regulatory factors that modulate the differentiation and activity of both ...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-012-0096-1
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Statistical models (SMs) of shape (SSM) and appearance (SAM) have been acquiring popularity in medical image analysis since they were introduced in the early 1990s. They have been primarily used for segmentation, but they are also a powerful tool for 3D reconstruction and classification. All these tasks may be require...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-014-0206-3
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Novel therapies for damaged and diseased bone are being developed in a preclinical testing process consisting of in vitro cell experiments followed by in vivo animal studies. The in vitro results are often not representative of the results observed in vivo. This could be caused by the complexity of th...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-020-00649-5
更新日期：2021-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Caloric restriction caused by undernutrition or over-exercise is increasingly common and has significant health consequences such as hypothalamic amenorrhea, infertility, attainment of low peak bone mass, and bone loss leading to fracture. In these patients, the pathophysiology of amenorrhea and bone loss is multifact...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-007-0011-3
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Fractures of osteoporotic bone in elderly individuals need special attention. This manuscript reviews the current strategies to provide sufficient fracture fixation stability with a particular focus on fractures that frequently occur in elderly individuals with osteoporosis and require full load-beari...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-019-00535-9
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Diabetes has a detrimental effect on bone, increasing the risk of fracture and formation of osteolytic lesions such as those seen in periodontitis. Several diabetic complications are caused by diabetes-enhanced inflammation. This review examines mechanisms by which IL-17 contributes to diabetes-enhanc...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-020-00559-6
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vitamin D, acting through its active metabolite 1,25(OH)(2)D(3), exerts its influence on many physiologic processes in addition to the regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis. These processes include the immune system. Both the adaptive and innate immune systems are affected by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and its receptor...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11914-009-0011-6
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:One aim in bone tissue engineering is to develop human cell-based, 3D in vitro bone models to study bone physiology and pathology. Due to the heterogeneity of cells among patients, patient's own cells are needed to be obtained, ideally, from one single cell source. This review attempts to identify the...
journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11914-020-00648-6
更新日期：2021-01-15 00:00:00
