Abstract:
:Enterococcus faecalis plays an important role as a pathogen in polymicrobial infections. We evaluated the efficacy of cefozopran (CZOP) using polymicrobial pyometra rats. Rats were infected with a mixed intrauterine inoculation of E. faecalis plus either Bacteroides fragilis or Prevotella bivia (minimal inhibitory concentration of CZOP; E. faecalis: 6.25 micrograms/ml, B. fragilis: 12.5 micrograms/ml, P. bivia: 12.5 micrograms/ml). Immediately after inoculating 10(5) CFU of each organism/rat, CZOP (either 40 mg/kg, i.v., q.i.d., for 5 days or 80 mg/kg, i.v., b.i.d., for 5 days) was administered. The intrauterine inflammatory change and bacterial counts in the CZOP-treated group were compared with those in the nontreated control group. CZOP significantly (p < 0.01) decreased the bacterial counts except for B. fragilis in the regimen of 80 mg/kg b.i.d. However, the 40 mg/kg, q.i.d., regimen significantly (p < 0.05) reduced bacterial counts compared to 80 mg/kg, b.i.d. These results suggest that CZOP in a more divided dose is efficacious for the treatment of polymicrobial infections associated with E. faecalis in pyometra.
journal_name
Chemotherapyjournal_title
Chemotherapyauthors
Mikamo H,Kawazoe K,Sato Y,Izumi K,Tamaya Tdoi
10.1159/000007100subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-03-01 00:00:00pages
103-7issue
2eissn
0009-3157issn
1421-9794pii
che44103journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CHEMOTHERAPY文献大全abstract::Prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapy (PIRRT) is an increasingly adopted method of renal replacement in critically ill patients. Like continuous renal replacement therapy, PIRRT can alter the pharmacokinetics (PK) of many drugs. In this setting, dosing data for antibiotics like benzylpenicillin are lacking....
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type:
doi:10.1159/000499375
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rational choice of an antimicrobial agent must take into account not only the activity against the specific pathogen but also any possible negative or positive effects on the host defense system. Rokitamycin (RKM) is an orally active 16-membered-ring macrolide; there are no reports of specific investigations of thes...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000239560
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Enterococci and especially glycopeptide-resistant strains (GRE) are widely distributed in the hospital environment, by acquiring resistance determinants and virulence factors. METHODS:The study included 48 GRE isolated during a 1-year period from different inpatients in a tertiary hospital in southwestern G...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000081945
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and compliance of adjuvant chemotherapy of S-1 plus carboplatin for patients with completely resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of pathological stage IB-IIIB. METHODS:S-1 was given orally at a dose of 80 mg/m²/day for 2 weeks, followed by a ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000351101
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, rational dosing guidelines for amphotericin B-deoxycholate (AmB) are proposed for children. AmB steady-state trough concentrations (C(ss,trough)) and plasma creatinine concentrations (C(creat)) were measured in 83 children (age: 10 months to 18 years) receiving prophylactic AmB therapy (1 mg/kg/day). Ma...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000100013
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fungal infections are common and life threatening among immunosupressive patients. Rare side effects may occur related to the use of voriconazole, which is the drug of choice in invasive aspergillosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Neuropathy was determined through clinical and electromyographic findings during the ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000140466
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple combined agar-strip test (CAST), involving filter paper strips charged with 20 micrograms of ampicillin or 40 micrograms of gentamicin, accurately detected high-level gentamicin resistance among 43 of 146 isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and additive activity of ampicillin plus gentamicin against 101 of 103 ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000239107
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An ethylacetate-soluble fraction (ET4) from the lichen Ramalina farinacea has previously been shown to inhibit the infectivity of lentiviral and adenoviral vectors, as well as wild-type HIV-1. We now determined the antiviral activity of ET4 against other wild-type viruses, including the herpes simplex virus ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000194974
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial growth kinetic experiments have been performed to study the potentiating effect of trimethoprim (TMP) AND TMP derivatives on the antibacterial action of sulfonamides (SA). The TMP derivatives showed different inhibitory effects when used alone. Derivatives with decreased inhibitory activity excerted 'bacteri...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000237928
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neutropenia induced by intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation are increasingly commonly complicated by fungal infections; thus prophylaxis may be justified. The authors surveyed the literature and culled their experience - few randomized trials have been done and definitions have often been ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000239052
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The filamentous forms of a serum resistant Escherichia coli strain developed under in vitro exposure to subminimal inhibitory concentration of the compound LY 127935 showed a higher resistance against host defence than the nontreated control bacteria. Significantly diminished LD50 values and a longer lasting persisten...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238068
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current treatment modalities for bronchopulmonary aspergillosis are not very satisfying. We determined the in vitro activity of recently available azoles against Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. Subsequently, these agents were evaluated in an animal model of bronchopulmonary aspergillos...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238951
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ocular penetration of grepafloxacin into several ocular tissues was determined in albino and pigmented rabbits following a single intravitreal administration. After administration, grepafloxacin was detected in all ocular tissues studied in both breeds of rabbits. The superior mean penetration ratios were found in the...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000077887
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of flomoxef in serum and in the mucosal tissue of the middle ear and mastoid were studied in 9 patients undergoing tympanoplasties. All patients received 1 g of flomoxef intravenously. Flomoxef levels in serum and in mucosal tissue were determined by a bioassay method. The peak value of mean conce...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238766
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concentrations of cefotetan in the intestinal wall of patients with Crohn's disease were investigated with the method of tissue homogenates with the aim to evaluate the effects of inflammation on tissue distribution. Twenty-four patients who underwent surgery were treated with a 2-gram single dose of cefotetan intrave...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238871
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concentrations of latamoxef, cefoperazone and piperacillin, administered intravenously, were measured in serum and sputum of cystic fibrosis patients with recurrent pulmonary infections, chronically colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Serum pharmacokinetic data were consistent with prior reports. Peak sputum to pea...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238344
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biliary excretion of tetroxoprim (TXP) was studied in 10 patients with T-tube drainage. A mean biliary peak of 32.56 +/- 7.69 micrograms/ml was observed 2-3 h after a single oral dose of 200 mg. The biliary elimination rate constant (kb) of TXP was found to be 0;056 (h-1), indicating a longer elimination from the ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238097
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of aztreonam (a beta-lactam antibiotic with specific activity against gram-negative bacteria) was evaluated and compared with that of tobramycin in hospitalized patients with severe intra-abdominal infections due to gram-negative pathogens, either alone or in association with other bacteria. Of a total st...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000238721
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:It was the aim of our study to evaluate the in vitro activities of tetracycline (TET), erythromycin (ERY) and levofloxacin (LVX) alone and in dual combinations against ureaplasmas. METHODS:The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 51 ureaplasmal strains were determined by microdilution assay. RESULTS:TE...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000323629
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cefepime is active against bacteria producing chromosomally and plasmid-mediated extended broad-spectrum β-lactamase enzymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for acquisition of cefepime resistance in Escherichia coli strains among hospitalized patients in a university hospital in Sanandaj, Iran. The...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000323623
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Susceptibility of 983 isolates of Staphyloccus aureus to tetracycline, doxycycline and minocycline was determined in vitro. Minocycline was shown to be more active than doxycycline, which in turn was shown to be slightly more active than tetracycline. 77% of the isolates which were resistant to tetracycline were also ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000221939
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amdinocillin was studied alone and in combination with three other beta-lactam antibiotics (aztreonam, cefoperazone, and ceftriaxone) for activity against gram-negative bacilli. These antibiotic combinations failed to show synergy by the checker-board double-dilution test or by killing kinetic studies. However, amdino...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238542
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recurrent tumor growth of colorectal carcinoma at the peritoneal site remains an unsolved problem. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the substance taxol (paclitaxel) can alter intraperitoneal tumor spread using different modes of drug application. METHODS:Intraperitoneal tumor growth was indu...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000110005
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mutant prevention concentration (MPC) is a new parameter that may be of aid in determining the risk of resistant mutants being selected. METHODS:The MPCs of 224 Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates were estimated by plating more than 10(10) cells on drug-containing agar and determining the concentra...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000085613
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group of cis-ethylenediammine platinum (II) complexes were synthesized and their activity against Sarcoma-180 ascites tumour cells in mouse was tested. One of the compounds, Pt(HOCH2CH2NHCH2CH2NH2)Cl2, showed significant antitumour activity having little toxicity to the host. Like the parent compound, cis-DDP, it bi...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238314
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Itraconazole has emerged as an important new oral agent in the treatment of systemic fungal infections. This paper summarizes the data available on its use in aspergillosis, cryptococcosis and histoplasmosis, compiled in the United States with particular attention to the immunocompromised host. Data have been accrued ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000239048
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIM:A phase 3 trial of S-1, leucovorin (LV), and oxaliplatin for treating gastric cancer is now underway. However, the antitumor efficacy of the combination has not yet been examined in an in vivo preclinical study. This study examined the antitumor efficacy of combination therapy consisting of S-1, LV, and ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000486029
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::BMY-28142 was compared in vitro with ceftazidime, cefotaxime and cefoperazone and was found to be more active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Essentially no effect of increasing inoculum size 100-fold was seen-on MICs with BMY-28142 or ceftazidime; some effect was noted with cefotaxime and ce...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238470
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We established a method for determining the KD value as a measure of the bilirubin-displacing effect for drugs by using bilirubin oxidase, which is produced by Myrothecium verrucaria MT-1. This method makes it possible to conduct measurements of many beta-lactam antibiotics, including those which could not be determin...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238590
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::28 patients suffering from a variety of bacterial infections have been treated with cefuroxime. 18 were cured and 6 improved during treatment. Side effects were minimal and intramuscular injection was well tolerated. Serum and urine levels well in excess of the MICs of sensitive organisms were obtained using dosages o...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000237842
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00