Abstract:
:The activity of aztreonam (a beta-lactam antibiotic with specific activity against gram-negative bacteria) was evaluated and compared with that of tobramycin in hospitalized patients with severe intra-abdominal infections due to gram-negative pathogens, either alone or in association with other bacteria. Of a total study population of 156 patients, 76 were assigned to treatment with aztreonam + clindamycin, and the remaining 80 were treated with tobramycin + clindamycin. Patients underwent a variety of surgical procedures involving the peritoneal cavity. The final clinical evaluation revealed similar percentages of satisfactory results: 86.8% for the patients in the aztreonam-treated group and 86.2% for the tobramycin-treated patients. Among the patients who had a poor therapeutic result, gram-negative bacteria, either alone or associated with gram-positive pathogens, were considered responsible for 50% of the infections in the aztreonam group; the percentage increased to 82% among those treated with tobramycin. The incidence of side effects and laboratory alterations was not significant and was similar in both groups. The results of this study suggest that aztreonam may be an effective and safe drug for the treatment of bacterial infections due to gram-negative pathogens.
journal_name
Chemotherapyjournal_title
Chemotherapyauthors
Birolini D,Moraes MF,de Souza OSdoi
10.1159/000238721subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
49-57eissn
0009-3157issn
1421-9794journal_volume
35 Suppl 1pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验相关文献
CHEMOTHERAPY文献大全abstract::There is evidence that a variety of anticancer drugs exert their cytotoxic activity by a free-radical-mediated mechanism. These drugs include anthracyclines such as adriamycin, daunorubicin, 4-epi-adriblastin as well as bleomycin, procarbazine, vincristin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide and mitomycin C. The aim of this s...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000239163
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Our objectives were to assess the pharmacokinetic interaction and body fluid penetration of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. METHODS:This study was a single-dose open randomized three-way crossover in 15 healthy volunteers receiving 500 mg oral levofloxacin, 500 mg oral ciprofloxacin, or 250 mg levofloxacin ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000329520
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGAs)--kanamycin (KM), bekamycin (AKM), dibekacin (DKB), ribostamycin (RSM) and paromomycin (PRM)--were studied for their effects on the nonenzymic reduction of cytochrome c by FeSO4 (Yamabe's system). Their inhibitory activity was in the order: DKB greater than AKM greater than KM gre...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000237880
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used drug in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Thymidylate synthase (TS), which is the target enzyme of 5-FU, has been demonstrated to be a key regulatory enzyme. In this study, we examined whether TS expression is correlated with chemosensitivity to 5-FU, cell ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000175465
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of ofloxacin for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infection was evaluated in aged patients with chronic lung disease. Results are the following: improvement of leukocytosis and arterial oxygen tension was observed; peripheral blood cell analysis showed a decrease in natural killer cell counts and ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238901
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the efficacy of S-1 as a new oral antitumor agent in ovarian cancer-bearing nude rats. This drug consists of tegafur, 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine, and oxonic acid in a molar ratio of 1:0.4:1.S-1 was given alone or in combination with cisplatin. When administered alone at a daily dose of 20 mg/ kg, S-1 ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000239479
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone (CRO) after subcutaneous and intravenous administration was studied in 10 healthy volunteers (5 males, 5 females, age 22-43 years, body weight 64.3 +/- 9.5 kg). Each of them received 2.0 g CRO i.v., and then 0.5 g i.v. and 0.5 g CRO s.c. in a randomized cross-over design. Subcutaneo...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000238342
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Therapy of listeriosis with ampicillin was examined in two murine models with compromised defense mechanisms. In mice treated with dextran sulfate paralysing the function of the macrophage system, ampicillin was less able to reduce death rates as well as bacterial counts in the spleens than after infection of normal m...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000237980
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viscum album (VA) preparations consist of aqueous extracts of V. album, the European mistletoe. VA extracts contain mistletoe lectins, which are members of the ribosome-inactivating protein type II family. VA preparations have cytotoxic and immunomodulatory properties. Cytotoxicity induced by VA extracts may differ gr...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000074530
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The effects of gemcitabine on postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy were evaluated in patients with stage IV pancreatic cancer. The results were compared with those of our historical control patients treated with surgery alone. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Nineteen patients with stage IV pancreatic cancer who had pan...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000088952
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro activity of cefetamet against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens strains expressing an SHV-5-type beta-lactamase was evaluated. Most of the examined strains were susceptible to the antibiotic. Cefetamet was found to be considerably more active than ceftazidime and aztreonam. I...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000239462
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ciprofloxacin is commonly used and considered to be relatively safe in patients with cirrhosis, especially in the treatment of enteric and urinary tract infections. Among the adverse effects of ciprofloxacin, neurologic complications are rare. METHODS/RESULTS:We report a case of hemiballism and altered ment...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000218098
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Brucellosis is one of the important health problems for both humans and animals in Turkey since agriculture and stock raising appears to be the most important means of subsistence. Investigations on the pathogenesis of brucellosis reveal that the etiologic agent can survive in phagocytic cells, and cell-medi...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000084020
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Very little is documented in the medical literature on the association between malaria parasitemia and febrile neutropenia in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy. METHODS:This report will concentrate on the clinical presentation and outcome of 3 patients with haematological malignancies undergoing chemo...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000118663
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) affects 400 million people worldwide and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It is known that HBV DNA sequences were detected after the clearance of serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) often in serum, liver and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The objectives of our...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000109770
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple combined agar-strip test (CAST), involving filter paper strips charged with 20 micrograms of ampicillin or 40 micrograms of gentamicin, accurately detected high-level gentamicin resistance among 43 of 146 isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and additive activity of ampicillin plus gentamicin against 101 of 103 ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000239107
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of deficiency of vitamin A and its supplementation on growth of murine sarcoma 180 was evaluated. The efficacy of cyclophosphamide under depleted and supplemented condition of the vitamin was also scrutinized. Supplemental vitamin A helped to check progression of tumour growth and also increased the effecti...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238497
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The brain is a frequent site of metastases in small-cell lung cancer. Symptoms of cerebral involvement are headache, disorientation, nausea/vomiting and seizures. CASE:A man with small-cell lung cancer developed a human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) meningoencephalitis with neurological symptoms that simulated brai...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000360616
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Combination antimicrobial therapy is often necessary to eradicate infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. METHODS:To evaluate the potential benefit of aztreonam and fluoroquinolone combination therapy, the activity of aztreonam in combination with ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxa...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000069786
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A single oral dose of an antimicrobial agent is as effective as a conventional 3-day course for the treatment of uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections. A case history of a young woman with recurrent cystitis is presented to demonstrate this approach to the management of a common clinical problem. The place of a...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000239487
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::17,244 pathogens isolated from clinical specimens of 24 hospitals in the Moers area (North-Rhine Westphalia, FRG) were tested in regard to their susceptibility to Augmentin (amoxicillin and clavulanic acid). For this purpose, minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by use of microbroth dilution technique. 80...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238588
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rifaximin matches the criteria for an ideal agent for the treatment of infectious diarrhea. It has excellent activity against a broad range of enteropathogens. It is nonabsorbable, which may help explain its excellent side effect profile and lack of emergence of resistance because of high stool levels that are not lik...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000081992
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Body lice (Pediculus humanus corporis L) and ticks (Ornithodoros moubata) that had been infected with Rickettsia prowazekii received varying doses of erythromycin. The anti-rickettsial activity of this drug was evaluated with regard to the determination of the numbers of surviving microorganism (LID100) and the in viv...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000221910
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lower respiratory tract infections are the major cause of death due to infectious disease in the developed and developing world. Despite substantial progress in defining pathogens and in therapeutic options, there continues to be major controversies in the clinical management of these infections. This report reviews t...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000048489
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 5 healthy volunteers were enrolled in a crossover study on the dose dependency and the effect of probenecid on pharmacokinetics of DQ-2556. They were administered intravenously 0.5 and 1.0 g of DQ-2556, and 1.0 g of DQ-2556 with oral administration of probenecid. The linearity in pharmacokinetics of DQ-2556...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000239029
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An agar dilution technique was used to determine the MIC of pristinamycin for 124 clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. All were inhibited by less than or equal to 0.5 mg/1, quite similar to the sensitivity of a number of methicillin-sensitive strains. MICs obtained using a microdilution me...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238200
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ciprofloxacin (CIP) and metabolite concentrations in lung tissue, parietal pleura and bronchial tissue were assessed in 43 adult patients who underwent lung surgery. A single oral dose of CIP was given for prophylaxis of bacterial infections. Two to 6 h prior to tissues sampling, 23 patients received 250 mg and 20 sub...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000238860
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxygen radical generation by blood cells before and after chemotherapy was investigated in 16 elderly (72.8 +/- 1.0 years) and 14 adult (45.0 +/- 2.4 years) patients with lung cancer, using a lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence method. The oxygen radical generation by 100 microliters of blood before chemotherapy in ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000239348
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To define the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) tolerability and efficacy of intra-arterial chemotherapy with irinotecan in patients with liver metastases of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). METHODS:Superselective intra-arterial irinotecan was applied on days 1, 14, 28 and 42. The initial dose was 140 mg/m² with esca...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000348579
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concentrations of clarithromycin after a single oral dose of 500 mg were determined in serum and saliva of ten healthy adult volunteers. After 2 h, the levels were 4.04 +/- 1.14 (SD) mg/l in serum and 2.72 +/- 0.87 mg/l in saliva. After 7 h these values were 1.98 +/- 0.65 and 1.21 +/- 0.34 mg/l, respectively, and ...
journal_title:Chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000239139
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00