Abstract:
:Chronic administration of the pre-synaptic alpha-adrenoreceptor agonist clonidine decreases the concentration of the extra-neuronal metabolite of noradrenaline normetanephrine in the amygdaloid cortex and increases it in the mid-brain. Conversely, blockade of these pre-synaptic receptors by yohimbine increases the normetanephrine concentration in the amygdaloid cortex and decreases it in the mid-brain. Mianserin had a qualitatively similar action to that of yohimbine. When given clinically to rats in combination with clonidine, mianserin antagonizes both the depression of behaviour of the rats in the 'open field' apparatus and also the effects of the alpha-agonist in reducing the concentration of normetanephrine in the amygdaloid cortex. It thus appears that the chronic effects of mianserin are due to an increase in noradrenaline release as a consequence of the inhibitation of pre-synaptic alpha-adrenoreceptors.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Fludder JM,Leonard BEdoi
10.1007/BF00427519subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1979-09-01 00:00:00pages
329-32issue
3eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Tardive dyskinesia has been hypothesized to be caused by a neuroleptic-induced dopamine hypersensitivity in the nigrostriatal system. This study evaluated with dopamine antagonists the possibility that such dopamine hypersensitivity extends to the tuberoinfundibular dopamine (TIDA) system, which regulates, by inhibiti...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00428314
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the development of tolerance to ethanol and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortex (H-P-AC) system by modifying the H-P-AC system through the use of a synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone. Also this study determined whether repeated drug administr...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00426602
更新日期:1977-03-23 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Research in pediatric psychopharmacology has expanded considerably in the last 10 years. Still, controversy remains about the effectiveness and safety of commonly used psychotropics and their role in child treatment, thus pointing to the need for more in-depth and targeted investigations. OBJECTIVES:To revie...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0414-3
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We are performing a double-blind trial with inward psychiatric patients. The indication for our psychotropic or psychotherapeutic intervention is mainly severe depression (= major depressive disorders DSM III). For a 3-week trial course trazodone (400 mg daily), amitriptyline (150 mg/die) or placebo capsules were give...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00172621
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty-nine depressed female inpatients were treated with 100 mg amitriptyline (AMT) IM for 4 weeks. Depression ratings and determinations of the parent drug and nortriptyline (NT) were performed weekly. No direct relationship between plasma AMT + NT concentrations and therapeutic response was apparent, but beneficial ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244602
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Stress is associated with cognitive and emotional dysfunction, and increases risk for a variety of psychological disorders, including depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. Prefrontal cortex is critical for executive function and emotion regulation, is a target for stress hormones, and is implicated i...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-018-5023-4
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The behavioral profile of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in mediating anxiogenic-like and aversive responses to stressors may be particularly relevant for dependence and withdrawal in drug-experienced organisms. Moreover, stressful aspects of drug exposure in the drug naive organism may also induce CRF system ac...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130050563
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preclinical studies have exploded our knowledge about the behavioral and biological underpinnings of alcoholism. These studies suggest that certain neurotransmitters, particularly those interacting with the opioid, N-methyl-D-aspartate, and monoamine systems, may play a critical role in the expression of alcohol-drink...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s002130000371
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bromocriptine (0.5-6.0 mg/day) was administered to seven unmedicated chronic schizophrenic and two schizoaffective patients. Transient slight improvement was noted in four patients and marked improvement in one other. Clinical improvement was associated with nausea and drowsiness. These doses of bromocriptine stimulat...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00439271
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Chronic stress and corticosterone have been shown to affect serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmission; however, the influence of stress on the activity of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), the main source of 5-HT in the forebrain, is not well understood. In particular, it is unknown if and how stress modifies DRN 5-HT...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-018-5045-y
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Risperidone was studied in a 0.16 mg/kg LSD-saline drug discrimination test procedure. At doses varying from 0.0025 to 0.63 mg/kg, no LSD-like agonist effects were observed. Studies on the antagonism of the LSD-cue indicated that risperidone was able to completely block the discriminative stimulus properties of LSD wi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00442251
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of anxiogenic drugs on dopamine release and metabolism in nucleus accumbens. Microdialysis probes were implanted into the nucleus accumbens, and rats were tested the day after implantation. In the first experiment, groups of rats received injections of saline, 1.25 o...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245888
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Direct activation of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor in the dorsolateral periaqueductal gray (dlPAG) inhibits anxiety- and panic-related behaviours in experimental animals. It has remained unclear, however, whether the local endocannabinoid signalling is recruited as a protective mechanism against aversive stimu...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3793-x
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Mice are useful tools for dissecting genetic and environmental factors in relation to the study of attention and impulsivity. The five-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRTT) paradigm has been well established in rats, but its transferability to mice is less well documented. OBJECTIVES:This study aims to s...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2560-5
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:New research findings in the field of neuroactive steroids strongly suggest that to understand their role in physiopathology, it is essential to accurately measure their tissue levels. Through his broad chemical expertise and extensive knowledge of steroids, Dr. Robert H. Purdy pioneered structure-activity re...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3593-3
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Impulsivity is related to greater risk of nicotine dependence, perhaps by enhancing sensitivity to nicotine's reinforcing and rewarding effects during initial smoking experiences. OBJECTIVE:We examined the influence of impulsivity characteristics on acute sensitivity to nicotine reward, reinforcement, and ot...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1231-7
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The progesterone metabolite 5alpha-pregnane-3alpha-ol-20-one (3alpha,5alpha-THP) is an important modulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and stress-induced corticosterone response. Typically, 3alpha,5alpha-THP levels are increased in response to acute stress, which may then reduce corticosterone ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0253-7
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Cannabinoid CB1 receptors are expressed in the prefrontal cortex, but their role in mediating executive functions such as behavioral flexibility is unclear. OBJECTIVE:The present study examined the effect of pharmacological activation or blockade of the cannabinoid CB1 receptors on behavioral flexibility usi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0421-4
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The noradrenergic system has repeatedly been implicated in the mediation of attentional processes. Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled design, the present investigation examines the effects of two doses (1.5 micrograms/kg and 2.5 micrograms/kg) of the alpha 2 adrenoceptor agonist clonidine (CLO) on performance of...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF02311180
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mice, quipazine has shown several behavioral effects: It antagonizes hypothermia induced by a high dose of apomorphine without altering climbing or stereotyped behavior; it antagonizes oxotremorine-induced hypothermia without altering tremors or peripheral signs; and it increases the toxicity of yohimbine. These th...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00431273
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Administration of various doses of 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) to rats produced dose-related decreases in 1-h food intake in the food-deprived paradigm. Pretreatment with spiperone (5-HT1A/5-HT2/D2 antagonist), propranolol or CGP361A (beta-adrenoceptor antagonists that also have binding affinit...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02247721
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixty-two DSM III chronic schizophrenic inpatients were selected for a double-blind, placebo controlled, multi-centre, relapse prevention study of remoxipride, a selective dopamine (D2)-receptor antagonist. After a 1 month placebo washout, 23 patients had relapsed and were withdrawn. Of the remaining patients 19 were ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF02245134
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Typical neuroleptic medications are still administered to as many as 40% of patients receiving antipsychotic treatment in the US. Intermittent administration or interruption of long-term neuroleptic medication for schizophrenia may increase the incidence of human tardive dyskinesias, and similarly may produce...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130000572
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Gonadal steroid hormones altered opioid antinociception under some conditions in rodents, and we reported previously that chronic estradiol enhanced kappa but not mu opioid antinociception in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys. Sex differences have also been observed in the antinociceptive effects of opioid agonis...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130100912
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nefiracetam is undergoing preclinical and clinical tests as a cognition-enhancing drug in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nicotinic cholinergic receptors are lost in AD, and nicotinic as well as muscarinic cholinergic receptors are involved in the modulation of eyeblink conditioning. Experiments were carried out using young...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130050275
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Research suggests the experimental manipulation of oxytocin facilitates positive interactions, cooperation, and trust. The mechanism by which oxytocin influences social behavior is not well understood. OBJECTIVE:We explored the hypothesis that oxytocin alters how people perceive themselves, which could be on...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2527-6
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet adenylate cyclase activity was measured in 16 control subjects and 16 patients who developed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a result of damage inflicted on their homes during the Iraqi Scud missile attacks on Israel which occurred during the 1991 Gulf War. There were no differences in basal, NaF-sti...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02249343
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The behavioral effects of racemic zopiclone are similar to those of benzodiazepines that positively modulate GABA at the GABA(A) receptor complex; however, it is not clear how enantiomers or metabolites of zopiclone contribute to the benzodiazepine-like behavioral effects of racemic zopiclone. OBJECTIVES:Rac...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1286-9
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to define the nature of the involvement of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) with central cholinergic neurotransmission, the effects of THC on direct cholinergic stimulation of the rat brain were investigated. THC, in doses of 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg, administered intraperitoneally (i.p.), potentiated the e...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00426661
更新日期:1979-02-28 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Most adult smokers start smoking during their adolescence. This adolescent initiation may be due to multiple factors, but little evidence is available regarding whether their brains are differentially sensitive to the addictive effects of nicotine during adolescence. OBJECTIVE:To test the hypothesis that ado...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1758-6
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00