Abstract:
RATIONALE:Typical neuroleptic medications are still administered to as many as 40% of patients receiving antipsychotic treatment in the US. Intermittent administration or interruption of long-term neuroleptic medication for schizophrenia may increase the incidence of human tardive dyskinesias, and similarly may produce increasingly marked motor side-effects, parkinsonism, and other behavioral pathologies in non-human primates. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS:Given these similarities, we addressed the issue of prolonged and intermittent typical neuroleptic treatment and dopaminergic function during a 5-year, multi-phase study with social colonies of Cebus apella monkeys. In the previously reported phase 1, we examined the effects of 48 weeks of exposure to, followed by withdrawal from, fluphenazine decanoate (FPZ). Phase 3 reported here examined the effects of 18 weeks of re-exposure to FPZ in these same monkeys, 91 weeks after discontinuation of their phase 1 FPZ treatment. RESULTS:Analysis of blood plasma FPZ indicated levels of 0.22+/-0.08 ng/ml for the six injections during the re-exposure period (n=54), comparable to the 0.24+/-0.07 ng/ml levels measured during our original treatment with this dose. Acute dyskinesias and dystonias increased by 300% upon re-exposure to FPZ; 15 of 18 FPZ-treated animals exhibited oral-buccal dyskinesias and all exhibited torticollis or retrocollis. Retreatment with FPZ was also associated with highly significant reductions in Self- and Environment-Directed Behavior and Directed Affiliation, effects similar to those seen during the original phase 1 FPZ treatment. Although FPZ re-treatment was associated with a significant reduction in Directed Aggression (an effect that was more robust than that observed during phase 1), in phase 3, we again observed an increase in Directed Aggression during early drug discontinuation when animals were in a stress-inducing situation. CONCLUSIONS:These results both support our phase 1 conclusion that typical neuroleptic medications may contribute to negative symptoms of schizophrenia and provide additional evidence for the possibility of increased aggression in stressful situations when medication is discontinued. Additionally, the results indicate that intermittent treatment with typical neuroleptics may dramatically increase the incidence of dystonias and dyskinesias.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Linn GS,Lifshitz K,O'Keeffe RT,Lee K,Camp-Lifshitz Jdoi
10.1007/s002130000572subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-01-01 00:00:00pages
285-94issue
3eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
153pub_type
杂志文章abstract:RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES:We previously found that systemic injections of the 5-HT uptake blocker fluoxetine attenuate intermittent footshock stress-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking in rats, while inhibition of 5-HT neurons in the median raphe induces reinstatement of alcohol seeking. In this study, we further e...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0346-y
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rhesus monkeys were trained in a discrete-trials choice procedure and allowed to choose between intravenous injections of cocaine (0.01-1.0 mg/kg/injection) and food presentation (1 or 4 pellets; 1 g/pellet) during daily 7-h experimental sessions. When each reinforcer was available under a fixed-ratio (FR) 30 schedule...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245115
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quetiapine (Seroquel, ICI 204,636) is an atypical antipsychotic that is effective in the treatment of both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, and has a low propensity to cause extrapyramidal symptoms. The compound has a relatively short plasma elimination half-life (approximately 7 h). However, since dop...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s002130050603
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Prepulse inhibition (PPI) refers to the reduction of the startle response magnitude when a startling stimulus is closely preceded by a weak stimulus. PPI is commonly used to measure sensorimotor gating. In rats, the PPI reduction induced by the dopamine agonist apomorphine can be reversed by systemic administ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-015-3940-z
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of intra-amygdala injections of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) on memory and exploratory behavior in rats were examined in the present study. Rats with chronically implanted cannulae received intra-amygdala injections of vehicle or CRF at a dose of 0.01, 0.1 or 1.0 micrograms, either immediately afte...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00177566
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The thalamus is a major target of dopaminergic projections and is densely connected with the prefrontal cortex. A better understanding of how dopamine changes thalamo-cortical communication may shed light on how dopamine supports cognitive function. Methylphenidate has been shown to facilitate cognitive proc...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05505-z
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Murine neuroblastoma cells (clone N1E-115) possess both high- and low-affinity muscarinic receptors. The low-affinity muscarinic receptor, when stimulated, initiates the formation of cyclic GMP by activating the enzyme guanylate cyclase; whereas stimulation of the high-affinity receptor inhibits prostaglanding E1-medi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00427901
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Antiepileptic drugs are known to produce side effects which may impair driving performance. Performance effects, however, may differ substantially between individual antiepileptic drugs. OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of carbamazepine, remacemide, and placebo on actual driving performance during a 12-day i...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s002130100898
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of mepiprazole (EMD 16,923), a new pyrazol-ylalkyl-piperazine derivative, on the uptake of 3H-norepinephrine (NE), 3H-dopamine (DA), and 3H-serotonin (5-HT) into rat brain synaptosomes from cerebral cortex, corpus striatum, and hypothalamus was investigated in comparison with several psychotropic drugs, ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00496865
更新日期:1976-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments examined the effect of the benzodiazepine receptor agonist, zolpidem, on palatable fluid intake in water-deprived rats. In the first experiment, pretreatment with 3.0 or 10.0 mg/kg zolpidem IP was found to increase consumption of a novel glucose drink (3% d-glucose and 0.15 sodium saccharine w/v in wat...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245521
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marked changes in biophysical properties, including structural order, have been observed in the hydrophobic core of cell membranes exposed to phenothiazines in vitro. In this study, similar changes are reported in vivo in cell membranes from the brains of rats treated with phenothiazines at doses thought to yield tiss...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00432230
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tolerance to nicotine occurs in mice after its chronic administration. This tolerance is accompanied by an up-regulation of nicotinic receptors as assessed by the binding of (3H)-nicotine and alpha-(125I)-bungarotoxin (BTX). Past studies (Marks et al. 1983, 1986) have shown that the increase in BTX binding sites is mo...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00212766
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aggressive rats could be differentiated from non-aggressive rats on a lower rate of rearing reactions in the open-field activity, as well as on a weaker aptitude for learning, increasing with the complication of the test. The two groups of rats had comparable activity, and a comparable response to pain. Apomorphine de...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00423303
更新日期:1976-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::The performance of healthy volunteer subjects on an auditory latent inhibition (LI) paradigm was assessed following administration of a single oral dose of d-amphetamine or placebo. It was predicted that a low (5 mg), but not a high (10 mg), dose of d-amphetamine would disrupt LI. The prediction was supported with lef...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF02245170
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The existence of cyclical (circadian) variations in lithium toxicity in mice was determined. Mice, standardized to a light-dark cycle, were injected with lithium chloride (940 mg/kg) at one of six times (20:00, 24:00, 4:00, 8:00, 12:00, and 16:00) and subsequently observed for mortality over 28 h. A significant (P les...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00571418
更新日期:1978-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of long-term lithium carbonate treatment on parameters of immediate, short-, and long-term memory was examined in a group of bipolar affectively ill patients. The lithium treatment group recalled significantly fewer words across trials on a verbal learning task than a group of bipolar affectively ill patien...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00426919
更新日期:1979-05-08 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:A growing number of studies have found evidence that anxiety and depressive disorders are associated with atypical amygdala hyperactivation, which decreases with effective treatment. Interest has emerged in this phenomenon as a possible biological marker for individuals who are likely to benefit from tailo...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0542-9
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Effort-related motivational symptoms such as anergia and fatigue are common in patients with depression and other disorders. Research implicates pro-inflammatory cytokines in depression, and administration of cytokines can induce effort-related motivational symptoms in humans. OBJECTIVES:The present experime...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3285-4
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Acute cocaine administration produces an initial rewarding state followed by a dysphoric/anxiogenic "crash." OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to determine whether individual differences in the relative value of cocaine's positive and negative effects would account for variations in subsequent drug s...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-015-3873-6
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by memory loss and synaptic damage. Previous studies suggested that xanthoceraside decreases glutamate-induced PC12 cell death, ameliorates memory deficits, and increases the number of dendritic spines in AD mice. These results indicated that xanthoceraside might have...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-017-4775-6
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Memories can return to a labile state and become amenable to modification by pharmacological and behavioral manipulations after retrieval. This process may reduce the impact of aversive memories and provide a promising therapeutic technique for the treatment of anxiety disorders. A growing body of evidence su...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-018-5074-6
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::After publication of this paper, the authors determined an error in Fig. 2C. ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s00213-019-05269-1
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The cerebral microdialysis technique has been widely used to monitor the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). The extracellular concentration of 5-HT has generally been shown to change after pharmacological manipulation as expected. Extracellular levels of the metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleaceticacid (5-HIAA) ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1736-z
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::After publication of this paper, the authors determined an error in the calculation of the norepinephrine standard concentrations for the HPLC calibration curves. ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s00213-018-4996-3
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Little is known about patterns of opiate use by heroin addicts. OBJECTIVES:To describe opiate use over time among heroin addicts who had access to legally prescribed intravenous heroin and oral opiates. METHODS:Analysis of daily drug administration records of 37 patients enrolled in the Geneva heroin mainte...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130000492
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:We previously demonstrated that the addition of the selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor reboxetine attenuates olanzapine-induced weight gain. Using the same study sample, we also sought to determine whether reboxetine's weight-attenuating effect was accompanied by a beneficial effect on metabolic and ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3199-1
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The majority of pharmacotherapies proposed for cocaine dependence have been marginally effective and frequently have undesirable side effects. We recently demonstrated that short-term treatment with citicoline decreased self-reported desire to use cocaine in crack cocaine users. OBJECTIVE:The present study w...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s002130100824
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few studies have examined the association between ethanol use and cigarette smoking topography. In particular, no study has objectively investigated the relationship between chronic ethanol exposure and cigarette smoking. The aim of this study was to quantify the relationship between cigarette smoking and past and cur...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245794
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:In animal studies, the common club drug 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "Ecstasy") consistently caused a prolonged loss of presynaptic serotonergic neurons, and evidence suggests that MDMA consumption may also affect the human serotonergic system. Serotonin (5-HT) has been implicated in the regulation...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0256-4
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of acute nicotine administration, following a 12-h cigarette deprivation period, using a computerized performance assessment battery (PAB). The PAB was comprised of five tasks which were selected to reflect a variety of complex acquired behaviors, sometimes referred ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00443406
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00