Abstract：
RATIONALE:Little is known about patterns of opiate use by heroin addicts. OBJECTIVES:To describe opiate use over time among heroin addicts who had access to legally prescribed intravenous heroin and oral opiates. METHODS:Analysis of daily drug administration records of 37 patients enrolled in the Geneva heroin maintenance programme for 4-29 months (total 23,136 patient-days). RESULTS:The average dose of intravenous heroin was 466 mg/day; the total opiate dose, after conversion of oral opiates to heroin-equivalents, was 543 mg/day. Patients received intravenous heroin only on 39% of days, oral opiates only on 7% of days, and mixed regimens on 49% of days; the remaining 4% of days were spent outside the programme, usually on oral opiates. The daily dose of heroin-equivalents increased during the first trimester in the programme, by 30 mg/day per month (95% confidence interval 12-46 mg/day per month), but decreased gradually thereafter, by 12 mg/day per month (95% confidence interval, 8-17 mg/day per month). In patients who alternated between heroin and methadone, 1 mg methadone typically replaced 4.1 mg heroin. During follow-up, five patients switched to methadone maintenance, five underwent detoxification, and three were discharged for noncompliance with regulations. CONCLUSIONS:Heroin users who have facilitated access to legally prescribed drugs consume about 0.5 g heroin per day. Consumption patterns vary, but the daily amount of opiates remains stable or decreases over time. A substantial minority of patients elect for alternative treatments after several months of heroin maintenance.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Perneger TV,Mino A,Giner F,Broers Bdoi
10.1007/s002130000492subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-09-01 00:00:00pages
7-13issue
1eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
152pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract：:In experiment 1, rats (n = 12) were trained to discriminate the benzodiazepine (BDZ) compound chlordiazepoxide (CDP, 20 mg/kg, IP) from saline in a two-lever food-reinforced procedure, and subsequently were tested for stimulus control with different doses of CDP, Ro 15-1788 (a proposed BDZ receptor antagonist) and Ro ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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