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Xanthoceraside modulates NR2B-containing NMDA receptors at synapses and rescues learning-memory deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

Abstract：

RATIONALE:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by memory loss and synaptic damage. Previous studies suggested that xanthoceraside decreases glutamate-induced PC12 cell death, ameliorates memory deficits, and increases the number of dendritic spines in AD mice. These results indicated that xanthoceraside might have activities that protect synaptic plasticity. Herein, we detected the effect of xanthoceraside on synaptic function. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Three-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic mice were orally treated with xanthoceraside (0.02, 0.08, or 0.32 mg/kg) once daily for 4 months and then behavioral tests were performed. LTP and Fluo-4/AM were carried out in vivo and in vitro, respectively. CaMKII-GluR1 and NR2B-associated proteins on synapses were measured. RESULTS:Xanthoceraside administration alleviated learning-memory deficits and increased the LTP in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Meanwhile, xanthoceraside increased the expression of pT286-CaMKII in synaptic and extrasynaptic pools and CaMKII, pS831-GluR1, and GluR1 in synaptic pools. In addition, xanthoceraside increased the total pY1472-NR2B and NR2B expression and increased the levels of pY1472-NR2B in synaptic and extrasynaptic pools and NR2B in synaptic pools. However, NR2B was decreased in extrasynaptic pools, which might be associated with decreased expression of STEP61 and pY531-Fyn. In vitro studies showed that xanthoceraside inhibited intracellular calcium overload and increased the number of and extended the length of dendrites in primary hippocampal neurons compared with the Aβ25-35 group. CONCLUSIONS:The mechanism of xanthoceraside on ameliorating learning-memory deficits might be related to decrease intracellular calcium overload, increase CaMKII-GluR1 proteins, and up-regulate trafficking of pY1472-NR2B at synapse, thereby improving LTP in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

journal_name

Psychopharmacology (Berl)

journal_title

Psychopharmacology

authors

Zhu L,Yang L,Zhao X,Liu D,Guo X,Liu P,Chi T,Ji X,Zou L

doi

10.1007/s00213-017-4775-6

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-01-01 00:00:00

pages

337-349

issue

eissn

0033-3158

issn

1432-2072

pii

10.1007/s00213-017-4775-6

journal_volume

235

pub_type

杂志文章

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Xanthoceraside modulates NR2B-containing NMDA receptors at synapses and rescues learning-memory deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.