Abstract:
RATIONALE:Functional interactions between limbic regions that process emotions and frontal networks that guide response functions provide a substrate for emotional cues to influence behavior. Stimulation of postsynaptic α₂ adrenoceptors enhances the function of prefrontal regions in these networks. However, the impact of this stimulation on the emotional biasing of behavior has not been established. OBJECTIVES:This study tested the effect of the postsynaptic α₂ adrenoceptor agonist guanfacine on the emotional biasing of response execution and inhibition in prefrontal cortex. METHODS:Fifteen healthy young adults were scanned twice with functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a face emotion go/no-go task following counterbalanced administration of single doses of oral guanfacine (1 mg) and placebo in a double-blind, cross-over design. RESULTS:Lower perceptual sensitivity and less response bias for sad faces resulted in fewer correct responses compared to happy and neutral faces but had no effect on correct inhibitions. Guanfacine increased the sensitivity and bias selectively for sad faces, resulting in response accuracy comparable to happy and neutral faces, and reversed the valence-dependent variation in response-related activation in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), resulting in enhanced activation for response execution cued by sad faces relative to happy and neutral faces, in line with other frontoparietal regions. CONCLUSIONS:These results provide evidence that guanfacine stimulation of postsynaptic α₂ adrenoceptors moderates DLPFC activation associated with the emotional biasing of response execution processes. The findings have implications for the α₂ adrenoceptor agonist treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Schulz KP,Clerkin SM,Fan J,Halperin JM,Newcorn JHdoi
10.1007/s00213-012-2893-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-03-01 00:00:00pages
261-71issue
2eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
226pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::NCQ 298 ((S)-3-iodo-N-[(l-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-5,6- dimethoxysalicylamide) has an iodine substituent. We have labelled NCQ 298 with 123I and 125I, and used the radioligands as tracers in receptor studies in vitro, in vivo in autoradiography and in SPECT studies on Cynomolgus monkeys. [125I]NCQ 298 bound in vit...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244067
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abstract::Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 116--241 g were injected i.p. with ketamine hydrochloride, 80 mg per kilo of body weight. Immediately after loss of righting reflex, scopolamine, physostigmine, and mecamylamine were administered i.p. to different groups of rats. Control animals received sterile saline by the same rou...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00426811
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abstract::Metergoline given IP reduced the response to noxious stimulation in the mouse formalin test. Tolerance to this effect developed after a chronic treatment schedule consisting of ten daily injections of 5 mg/kg. Twenty four hours after the last injection a test dose of metergoline (2.5 mg/kg) reduced the licking time in...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02439580
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02249343
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abstract::Sixty-two DSM III chronic schizophrenic inpatients were selected for a double-blind, placebo controlled, multi-centre, relapse prevention study of remoxipride, a selective dopamine (D2)-receptor antagonist. After a 1 month placebo washout, 23 patients had relapsed and were withdrawn. Of the remaining patients 19 were ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF02245134
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4356-0
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02245133
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
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更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Nine VA Medical Centers are participating in a 2-year double-blind placebo controlled study of antioxidant treatment for tardive dyskinesia (TD) conducted by the Department of Veteran Affairs Cooperative Studies Program. One of the principal outcome measures of this study is the score derived from the instrumental ass...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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