Abstract：
:The current study examined whether stimuli predictive of heroin availability were capable of inducing a relapse of drug-seeking behavior in an operant runway task. Olfactory stimuli (orange and almond food extract) served as discriminative cues about the availability (S+) or unavailability (S-) of heroin reinforcement (a single 0.1 mg/kg IV infusion) in the goal box of a straight arm runway. Following discrimination training, the running response was extinguished in the absence of the olfactory cues. On a single trial, the discriminative stimuli were then tested for their ability to reinstate running behavior prior to presentation of the heroin reinforcer. Subjects presented with the S+ on test day took significantly less time to traverse the alley than they did on the final day of extinction, while those subjects presented with the S- on test day continued to run slowly. These results demonstrate, in an animal model of drug self-administration, that environmental discriminative cues can produce a relapse in drug seeking behavior following a period of abstinence. The response-reinstating properties of the S+ odor were unaltered by pretreatment with any of three doses of haloperidol (0.0, 0.15 or 0.3 mg/kg IP), suggesting that the motivating properties of heroin-predictive stimuli or cues remain intact during dopamine receptor antagonism.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
McFarland K,Ettenberg Adoi
10.1007/s002130050269subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-05-01 00:00:00pages
86-92issue
1eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
131pub_type
杂志文章abstract：RATIONALE:Epidemiological studies of smokers suggest that there is a link between nicotine and depression. Nonetheless, few studies have examined the potential use of nicotinic ligands in the treatment of depression. OBJECTIVES:The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of SIB-1508Y, a novel subtype-selective ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130000531
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Disrupted social behavior, including occasional aggressive outbursts, is characteristic of withdrawal from long-term alcohol (EtOH) use. Heavy EtOH use and exaggerated responses during withdrawal may be treated using glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists. OBJECTIVES:The current expe...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-015-3925-y
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult rats that were gestationally exposed to cocaine and control offspring were examined for their sensitivity to challenge doses of cocaine. Offspring were derived from Sprague-Dawley dams that had received subcutaneous injections of 40 mg/kg per 3 cc cocaine hydrochloride daily on gestational days 8-20, pair-fed da...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244870
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Although the subjective effects of caffeine abstinence, acute and chronic administration, and tolerance are well described, the corresponding neurophysiological effects are not. OBJECTIVES:Caffeine withdrawal, acute caffeine effects, caffeine tolerance, and net beneficial effects of chronic caffeine administ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-009-1489-4
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) produces a long-term depletion of serotonin (5-HT) in the rat brain; this depletion may have some functional consequences. OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the acute effects of MDMA on the extracellular concentrations of dopamine and 5-HT, body t...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130051143
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent work with humans and animals has suggested that the cholinergic system plays an important role in the active control of attention. This study was designed to investigate the effects of scopolamine upon subjects' ability to utilize knowledge of the spatial probability bias in a display in the detection of briefl...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00175197
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or "ecstasy") causes serotonin neuron damage in laboratory animals. The serotonin system is known to be important in the regulation of mood. Previous research has shown that MDMA users score higher on self-report ratings of depression than controls. However, MDMA users ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-003-1705-6
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Hypofunction of striatal dopamine neurotransmission, or hypodopaminergia, is a consequence of excessive ethanol use and is hypothesized to be a critical component of alcoholism, driving alcohol intake in an attempt to restore dopamine levels; however, the neurochemical mechanisms involved in these dopaminergi...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-016-4239-4
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:An important goal of addiction research is to discover neurobiological markers that could predict the severity of addiction and help to determine appropriate treatment. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) are being related to cerebral plasticity and imp...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-014-3542-1
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:There is evidence that events early in post-weaning life influence brain development and subsequent adult behaviour and therefore play an important role in the causation of certain psychiatric disorders in later life. Exposing rodents to stressors during the juvenile period has been suggested as a model of in...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-010-1991-8
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Food reward has been associated with activation of noradrenergic mechanisms in the brain. Using rats trained to press a lever for food reward, we have investigated the effects of 6-hydroxydopamine lesions, which severly depleted hypothalamic noradrenaline, on the willingness of the rats to press the lever for food rew...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00427343
更新日期：1979-06-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Parenteral administration of the adenosine deaminase (ADA) inhibitor erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)-adenine (EHNA) results in a profound decrease in spontaneous motor activity in mice and rats. The inhibition of cortical ADA activity measured ex vivo parallels the decrease in spontaneous motor activity in a time-depend...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00427798
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A novel self-stimulation methodology involving a fixed-interval (FI-5 s) schedule of reinforcement, microanalysis and threshold evaluation was used to investigate the effects of cocaine on rats lever pressing for electrical stimulation of the prefrontal cortex. Cocaine (15 mg/kg) increased medial prefrontal cortex (MP...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02801979
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONAL:Caloric restriction increases the risk of relapse in abstinent drug users. Hormones involved in the regulation of energy balance and food intake, such as leptin and ghrelin, are implicated in drug-related behaviors. OBJECTIVES:We investigated the role of leptin and ghrelin in the augmentation of heroin seekin...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-019-05415-9
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:There is an emerging body of evidence that implicates a crucial role of γ-aminobutyric acid subtype A (GABAA) receptors in modulating the rewarding effects of a number of abused drugs. Modulation of GABAA receptors may therefore represent a novel drug-class independent mechanism for the development of abuse t...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-015-4155-z
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Caffeine is commonly believed to offset the acute effects of alcohol, but some evidence suggests that cognitive processes remain impaired when caffeine and alcohol are coadministered. OBJECTIVES:No previous study has investigated the separate and joint effects of alcohol and caffeine on conflict monitoring a...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-016-4208-y
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Cocaethylene is a pharmacologically active homolog and metabolite of cocaine, formed by transesterification of cocaine in the presence of ethanol. Here we relate findings from a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study in which we examined the physiological and subjective effects and pharmacokinetic...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s002139900363
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute alcohol intoxication disrupts memory acquisition in humans and laboratory animals. This review summarizes recent behavioral and immediate early gene expression studies addressing the mechanisms of this phenomenon. Most behavioral investigations agree that the amnestic effect of alcohol is due to its preferential...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s002130050687
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cataleptogenic effect of delta 9-THC was compared to its discriminative stimulus effects in rats. The ED50s for the discriminative stimulus and catalepsy were 0.8 and 4.0 mg/kg, respectively, while their time courses were very similar. The ED50 of delta 9-THC for catalepsy in experimentally naive rats was not diff...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244975
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dose-related effects of ethanol (placebo, 0.30, and 0.60 g/kg) on behavioral and event-related brain potential (ERP) indices of involuntary attention shifting of audition were investigated. ERPs were recorded from 11 healthy social drinkers during a forced-choice reaction-time (RT) task. Subjects were presented with 1...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s002130050801
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of electroconvulsive shock (ECS) on the responsiveness to pain (measured by the hot-plate test) and on the characteristics of L-type calcium channels (measured as [3H]nitrendipine binding sites) in the cortex and hippocampus was tested on the Wistar rat. In animals receiving a single ECS, the calcium channe...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244133
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder characterized, in part, by impaired dopamine signaling. TAK-063 is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 10A, a key regulator of intracellular signaling pathways that is highly expressed in the striatum. OBJECTIVE:Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokin...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-016-4412-9
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The indirect dopamine agonist methylphenidate remediates cognitive deficits in psychopathology, but the individual characteristics that determine its effects on the brain are not known. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to determine whether targeted dopaminergically modulated traits and individual differences could predic...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-016-4307-9
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Toluene exposure during brain growth spurt has been shown to elevate the seizure susceptibility induced by N-methyl-D: -aspartate (NMDA). In the present study, behavioral responses to NMDA antagonists were studied to determine whether neonatal toluene exposure produces residual deficits in the NMDA glutamater...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-005-0137-x
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The characterization of self-administration (SA) under extended access conditions is necessary for the development of addiction models. OBJECTIVE:The purposes of this experiment were to investigate: (1) dose effects on the initiation of cocaine SA under extended access conditions; (2) predictable individual ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130100744
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Previous studies from our laboratory and others have indicated a role for the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in the extinction/reinstatement animal model of cocaine relapse OBJECTIVE:This present study was designed to investigate the potential role for the HPA axis in the cue- and methamphetamine-i...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-006-0625-7
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute alcohol administration to rats has in preliminary studies been reported to drastically increase the binding of the benzodiazepine (BZ) receptor antagonist [3H]flumazenil (Ro 15-1788) to central BZ receptors. In the present study the effect of acute alcohol ingestion on the disposition of [11C]flumazenil in the h...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02245135
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Neuroanatomical evidence suggests that GABAergic deficits and progressive cortical atrophy occur with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the hypothesis that neurodevelopmental deficits affect neurodegeneration occurring with schizophrenia, this study examined a novel animal model for schizophrenia-related ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-011-2269-5
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study compares the behavioral profiles induced in rats (N = 118) by the D2-dopaminergic receptor agonist quinpirole (0.03 and 0.5 mg/kg), and the D1-agonist SKF38393 (1.25-40 mg/kg), and both agonists administered together. Locomotion and snout contact frequency were reduced by the low but increased by the high do...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244813
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Drug development is a high-risk and high failure enterprise, and studies that provide an early read on the pharmacodynamic activity of novel compounds could save time and money, increasing the efficiency of the drug development process. OBJECTIVE:Preclinical and clinical experiments were designed to examine ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-011-2456-4
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
