Ecstasy use and depression: a 4-year longitudinal study among an Australian general community sample.

abstract：RATIONALE:Previous studies have shown that the effect of setting on drug-taking is substance specific in both humans and rats. In particular, we have shown that when the setting of drug self-administration (SA) coincides with the home environment of the rats (resident rats), the rats tend to prefer heroin to cocaine. T...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Montanari C,Stendardo E,De Luca MT,Meringolo M,Contu L,Badiani A

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlordiazepoxide (CDP) and amphetamine (AMPH) were tested, alone or in combination, in BALB/c mice pretreated with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (AMT) and subjected to shuttle-box avoidance training. CDP and AMPH, given alone, partly reversed avoidance depression induced by 50 mg/kg of AMT, but were ineffective in mice pret...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Sansone M,Renzi P

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Humans typically self-administer cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) together repeatedly (as in cannabis, cannabis extract, or Sativex®) to relieve pain. It has been suggested that one benefit of the drug combination may be decreased tolerance development. OBJECTIVE:The present study com...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Greene NZ,Wiley JL,Yu Z,Clowers BH,Craft RM

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Different benzodiazepines, when administered to fasting cats, increased both the total amount of food eaten and also the rate at which food was ingested. Moreover, when injected to foodsatiated cats, these compounds made them resume eating voraciously. Pentobarbital also stimulated food intake, but was much less poten...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Mereu GP,Fratta W,Chessa P,Gessa GL

更新日期：1976-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:In squirrel monkeys trained to discriminate between two tones, morphine consistently increased the percent of response failures during tone periods; however, it had no consistent effect on the percent correct responses. In contrast, scopolamine decreased percent correct responses as well as increasing percent response...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Milar KS,Dykstra LA

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three-hour sessions of differential reinforcement of low-rate behavior (DRL 45-s) in rats were used to investigate alprazolam, caffeine, and their interactions at the onset, peak and disappearance of serum alprazolam, while caffeine level remained constant. The dose-response curve (DRC) method of Pöch permitted an ext...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Lau CE,Wang J

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES:Functional (pharmacodynamic) ethanol tolerance can be evidenced within a single session of exposure to ethanol (acute or within-session tolerance), or after repeated ethanol exposures (chronic or between-session tolerance). To investigate whether acute and chronic tolerance to ethanol are inter...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Wu PH,Tabakoff B,Szabó G,Hoffman PL

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:(+)-HA-966, a partial agonist at the glycine/NMDA modulatory site, significantly reduced i.v. cocaine self-administration in a fixed-ratio (FR) schedule. Since this effect was observed studying only one dose of cocaine and considering the characteristic bell-shaped curve generated by cocaine in self-administr...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cervo L,Cocco A,Carnovali F

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Epilepsy is a debilitating seizure disorder that affects approximately 50 million people. Noradrenaline reduces neuronal excitability, has anticonvulsant effects and is protective against seizure onset. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the role of α2-adrenoceptors in vivo in a neonatal domoic acid (DOM) rat model o...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Thomsen MB,Lillethorup TP,Jakobsen S,Nielsen EH,Simonsen M,Wegener G,Landau AM,Tasker RA

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Conditioned behavioral responses to discrete drug-associated cues can be modulated by the environmental context in which those cues are experienced, a process that may facilitate relapse in humans. Rodent models of drug self-administration have been adapted to reveal the capacity of contexts to trigger drug s...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Chaudhri N,Sahuque LL,Janak PH

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE:Drug-associated memories are hypothesized to underlie the high risk of relapse in addiction. Recent studies show that post-retrieval extinction training erases fear memories by reconsolidation blockade. Here, we examine the efficacy of this non-invasive procedure in rats with drug-associated mem...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Ma X,Zhang JJ,Yu LC

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:We hypothesized that valerian root might prevent cognitive dysfunction in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery patients through stimulating serotonin receptors and anti-inflammatory activity. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Valeriana officinalis root extract on preventio...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hassani S,Alipour A,Darvishi Khezri H,Firouzian A,Emami Zeydi A,Gholipour Baradari A,Ghafari R,Habibi WA,Tahmasebi H,Alipour F,Ebrahim Zadeh P

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Food reward has been associated with activation of noradrenergic mechanisms in the brain. Using rats trained to press a lever for food reward, we have investigated the effects of 6-hydroxydopamine lesions, which severly depleted hypothalamic noradrenaline, on the willingness of the rats to press the lever for food rew...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Kruk ZL,Millar J

更新日期：1979-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The indirect dopamine agonist methylphenidate remediates cognitive deficits in psychopathology, but the individual characteristics that determine its effects on the brain are not known. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to determine whether targeted dopaminergically modulated traits and individual differences could predic...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Moeller SJ,Konova AB,Tomasi D,Parvaz MA,Goldstein RZ

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:BIMT 17, the only compound reported to be a full 5-HT1A agonist and a 5-HT2A antagonist at the frontal cortex, was assessed in three animal paradigms sensitive to antidepressants in rats: olfactory bulbectomy (OB), differential-reinforcement-of-low rate 72-s (DRL 72-s) and learned helplessness (LH). In the OB rats, BI...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Borsini F,Cesana R,Kelly J,Leonard BE,McNamara M,Richards J,Seiden L

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were presented with noise bursts alone or noise bursts 60 ms after presentation of either a 60 dB or an 80 dB prepulse after injection of the dopamine agonists apomorphine (3 mg/kg) or d-amphetamine (4 mg/kg), the glycine antagonist strychnine (1.5 mg/kg) or the alpha 2 antagonist yohimbine (5 mg/kg). Presentatio...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Davis M

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Receptor mechanisms underlying the behavioral effects of clinically used nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists have not been fully established. OBJECTIVE:Drug discrimination was used to compare receptor mechanisms underlying the effects of smoking cessation aids. METHODS:Separate groups of male C57BL/6J...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cunningham CS,McMahon LR

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Studies about whether or not the cognitive performance of women is influenced by changes in levels of sex steroid hormones across the menstrual cycle have produced ambiguous results. OBJECTIVES:This study tested whether flight simulator performance differs significantly between the menstrual and the luteal p...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Mumenthaler MS,O'Hara R,Taylor JL,Friedman L,Yesavage JA

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of 6-OHDA lesions of dopamine terminals within the amygdala were investigated on i) (+) amphetamine-induced locomotor hyperactivity and ii) the acquisition of intravenous self-administration of (+) amphetamine. The lesioned rats exhibited increased locomotor activity in response to (+) amphetamine (0.75 an...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Deminière JM,Taghzouti K,Tassin JP,Le Moal M,Simon H

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mood disorders, despite the widespread availability of monoamine-based antidepressant treatments, are associated with persistently high rates of disability, together with elevated rates of mortality due to suicide, cardiovascular disease, and other causes. The development of more effective treatments has been hindered...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Bhattacharya A,Derecki NC,Lovenberg TW,Drevets WC

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) re-uptake inhibitors (SNRIs) have been proposed to have a higher efficacy and/or faster onset of action than previously available antidepressants. OBJECTIVES:We examined in biochemical, electrophysiological and behavioural assays the antidepressant properties of (S)-(...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Artaiz I,Zazpe A,Innerárity A,Del Olmo E,Díaz A,Ruiz-Ortega JA,Castro E,Pena R,Labeaga L,Pazos A,Orjales A

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to assess the possible effects of central GABA activation on the consolidation of shock avoidance, the GABA-T inhibitor amino-oxyacetic acid (AOAA) was administered posttrial to adult male rats. Learning was assessed over nine widely spaced sessions of 20 trials each. AOAA-treated animals showed learning with...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Katz RJ,Liebler L

更新日期：1978-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The antidepressant nortriptyline is a second-line pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation. Given that there is limited preclinical data available on the effects of nortriptyline on responses to nicotine, the present study sought to evaluate its effects on the reinforcing, discriminative stimulus (DS) and aversi...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Wing VC,Shoaib M

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous work in this and another laboratory has shown that nicotine tablets improve the performance of a rapid information processing task and reduce the Stroop effect, whereas scopolamine has the opposite effects. The purpose of this study was to extend these previous findings by determining whether, when administer...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Wesnes K,Revell A

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A study was performed on the effect of ethanol on the basal and K+-evoked efflux of endogenous GABA from rat hypothalamic fragments. The amount of GABA present in the medium and in the tissue was measured by radioreceptor assay. In vitro addition of ethanol (50 and 100 mM) enhanced the K+-evoked efflux of GABA in a Ca...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Seilicovich A,Duvilanski BH,Lasaga M,Debeljuk L,Díaz MC

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several behaviors associated with the serotonin syndrome have been reported in rats following administration of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT. The present investigation approached this phenomenon from an ethopharmacological perspective, and provided a detailed temporal analysis of the behavioral effects of thi...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Blanchard RJ,Shepherd JK,Armstrong J,Tsuda SF,Blanchard DC

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Latent inhibition (LI) is a phenomenon in which repeated, non-reinforced presentation of a stimulus retards subsequent conditioning to that stimulus. Several recent experiments have suggested that LI is abolished following acute, low doses of amphetamine given during pre-exposure and conditioning, and this effect has ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Killcross AS,Robbins TW

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Reduced serotonin neurotransmission is implicated in disorders of impulse control, but the involvement of serotonin in inhibitory processes in healthy human subjects remains unclear. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the effects of an acute manipulation of serotonin and genotype at a functional polymorphism in a gen...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Clark L,Roiser JP,Cools R,Rubinsztein DC,Sahakian BJ,Robbins TW

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction between pimozide (a selective D2-dopamine receptor antagonist) and d-amphetamine on the operant performance of rats maintained under variable-interval schedules of positive reinforcement was examined. In Experiment 1, eight rats responded under variable-interval 30-s and variable-interval 300-s. Pimozi...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Morley MJ,Bradshaw CM,Szabadi E

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Nicotine and nicotinic agonists have been shown to improve attentional function. Nicotinic receptors are easily desensitized, and all nicotinic agonists are also desensitizing agents. Although both receptor activation and desensitization are components of the mechanism that mediates the overall effects of nic...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Rezvani AH,Cauley M,Xiao Y,Kellar KJ,Levin ED

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00