Abstract:
:First, it was confirmed that systemic injection of the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine HBr (30 mg/kg IP) depleted noradrenaline levels in rat heart, but not centrally. Losses averaged 90% of control 1 day after injection, and 50% at 42 days. The same drug and dose was then administered to 50% of a group of rats which had been trained to lever-press for food reward on continuous reinforcement (CRF). After further CRF sessions, the rats were changed to a schedule of Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates of Response with a 20-s criterion (DRL 20). The drugged rats earned fewer reinforcements during DRL than did controls, and made fewer responses. Temporal discrimination (shown by the IRT/Opp distribution) was disrupted. It is concluded that peripheral noradrenergic systems may be involved in the control over responding by temporal cues associated with reward and non-reward.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Salmon P,Stanford C,Gray JAdoi
10.1007/BF00431782subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-01-01 00:00:00pages
77-80issue
1eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract:RATIONALE:Several previous neuroendocrine studies have demonstrated reduced 5-HT1A receptor function in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, hypercortisolaemia or previous drug treatment may have been significant confounds. OBJECTIVES:To replicate previous studies in subjects with MDD who had been drug free for a...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1475-1
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Approximately 20 million adults in the USA have an alcohol use disorder (AUD). There are clinical and preclinical data suggesting that psychedelics may have benefits for AUD. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of the synthetic psychedelic 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) on the behavioral effects of e...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-019-05328-7
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Multiple low doses of cocaine (COC) may cause intermittent vasoconstriction and reperfusion, leading to elevations in damaging reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl free radicals (*OH). Salicylate may offer protection because it reacts with *OH and/or because of its anti-inflammatory actions. OBJECTIVE:T...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130100726
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study we have investigated the effects of diazepam (DZP) (10 mg/kg) treatment of rat dams during different periods of gestation or during lactation on the development and behavior of their offspring. The results show that DZP exposure during different phases of early development has differing effects on...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00427422
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a phase II study the antidepressive effect of citalopram, a selective and potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor, was examined in 20 endogenously and three non-endogenously depressed hospitalized patients. Four endogenously depressed patients dropped out due to deterioration early in the treatment period. The remainin...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00464566
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats that are placed in a novel environment containing a probe will explore the environment and the probe. Exploration of the probe is reduced when the probe is electrified. We here report that chlordiazepoxide blocks this inhibition, and have determined some of the pharmacological features of this new experimental pr...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00178505
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult rats that were gestationally exposed to cocaine and control offspring were examined for their sensitivity to challenge doses of cocaine. Offspring were derived from Sprague-Dawley dams that had received subcutaneous injections of 40 mg/kg per 3 cc cocaine hydrochloride daily on gestational days 8-20, pair-fed da...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244870
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) demonstrate impaired cognition in some selected domains. Although serotoninergic dysfunction has been implicated in OCD, recent evidence suggests that dopamine may play a role as well. OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to evaluate learning and working memory...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1963-z
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is a chronic and debilitating psychiatric illness. It is associated with many short-term and long-term complications including poor academic and social performance, legal problems and increased risk of suicide. Moreover, it is often complicated by other serious psychiatric dis...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0569-y
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of flurazepam (0.0, 0.5, and 3.0 mg/kg) on methylphenidate-induced increases in stereotypy, gnawing, sniffing, and locomotion were evaluated in Swiss-Webster mice in daytime and nighttime experiments. Methylphenidate (50 mg/kg) increased overall stereotypy and stereotyped gnawing behavior; two doses of met...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00432374
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Little is known about the smoking topography characteristics of heavy cannabis users. Such measures may be able to predict cannabis use-related outcomes and could be used to validate self-reported measures of cannabis use. OBJECTIVES:The current study was conducted to measure cannabis smoking topography char...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2480-4
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic treatment (2 weeks) with piracetam (500 mg/kg, once daily PO) elevated m-cholinoceptor density in the frontal cortex of aged (18 months) female mice by about 30-40%, but had no effect on m-cholinoceptor density in the frontal cortex of young (4 weeks) mice. The effect of piracetam on m-cholinoceptor density as...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00735884
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Preclinical experimental models of pathological aggressive behavior are a sorely understudied and difficult research area. OBJECTIVES:How valid, reliable, productive, and informative are the most frequently used animal models of excessive aggressive behavior? METHODS:The rationale, key methodological featur...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3008-x
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Sensory and sensorimotor gating deficits are observed in schizophrenia. GABA(B) receptor deficiency is also detected in the hippocampus of schizophrenic patients. OBJECTIVES:The present study tested the hypothesis that GABA(B) receptors in the hippocampus contribute to paired-pulse gating of hippocampal audi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2274-8
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Drugs that rapidly increase dopamine levels have an increased risk of abuse. Dasotraline (DAS) is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor characterized by slow oral absorption with low potential for abuse. However, it remains unclear whether intravenous (i.v.) administration would facilitate the rapi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05623-8
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal treatment with monoamine reuptake inhibitors results in a constellation of neurobehavioral alterations in adult rats that may model human depression. Since alterations in circadian rhythmicity have been reported in both depressed patients and in animal depression models, the present study examined the effects...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244777
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:In humans, the retrieval of memories associated with an alcohol-related experience frequently evokes alcohol-seeking behaviour. The reconsolidation hypothesis states that a consolidated memory could again become labile and susceptible to disruption after memory retrieval. OBJECTIVES:The aim of our study was ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-009-1544-1
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The behavioral effects of racemic zopiclone are similar to those of benzodiazepines that positively modulate GABA at the GABA(A) receptor complex; however, it is not clear how enantiomers or metabolites of zopiclone contribute to the benzodiazepine-like behavioral effects of racemic zopiclone. OBJECTIVES:Rac...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1286-9
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of serotonergic manipulations on the escape interference engendered by exposure to inescapable shock were assessed. Consistent with the view that the behavioral interference was related to reductions of serotonin (5-HT), treatment with the 5-HT receptor blocker methysergide mimicked the effects of inescapa...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00181242
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Disrupted social behavior, including occasional aggressive outbursts, is characteristic of withdrawal from long-term alcohol (EtOH) use. Heavy EtOH use and exaggerated responses during withdrawal may be treated using glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists. OBJECTIVES:The current expe...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-015-3925-y
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine VA Medical Centers are participating in a 2-year double-blind placebo controlled study of antioxidant treatment for tardive dyskinesia (TD) conducted by the Department of Veteran Affairs Cooperative Studies Program. One of the principal outcome measures of this study is the score derived from the instrumental ass...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/s002130050320
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Calcineurin is a protein regulating cytokine expression in T lymphocytes and calcineurin inhibitors such as cyclosporine A (CsA) are widely used for immunosuppressive therapy. It also plays a functional role in distinct neuronal processes in the central nervous system. Disturbed information processing as seen...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05751-1
更新日期:2020-12-21 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The integrity of cortical cholinergic transmission is vital to attentional processing. A growing literature suggests that alterations in attentional processing accompany addictive drug use. This study examined the effects of acute and repeated administration of nicotine on cortical acetylcholine release. OBJ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1260-6
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:We previously demonstrated that the addition of the selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor reboxetine attenuates olanzapine-induced weight gain. Using the same study sample, we also sought to determine whether reboxetine's weight-attenuating effect was accompanied by a beneficial effect on metabolic and ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3199-1
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Although psilocybin has been used for centuries for religious purposes, little is known scientifically about its acute and persisting effects. OBJECTIVES:This double-blind study evaluated the acute and longer-term psychological effects of a high dose of psilocybin relative to a comparison compound administer...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0457-5
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The emergence of the consumption of highly potent synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (spice drugs) that produce important neurological symptoms has prompted the research on the consequences of acute and chronic use of these new psychoactive substances. Most studies on cannabinoid dependence have been per...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05704-8
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of brain noradrenaline synthesis and receptor activation for the hyperkinesia induced by carbidopa plus L-Dopa in reserpine-treated or normal mice was analyzed in four different models. After pretreatment with reserpine and the monoamine oxidase inhibitor nialamide, the hyperkinesia induced by L-Dopa (2...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00426571
更新日期:1977-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Lithium elicits opposite effects on two behavioural syndromes in rats: enhancement of the 5-HT1A-linked serotonin syndrome and attenuation of the 5-HT2-linked wet dog shakes. The ability of intracerebroventricular (ICV) myo-inositol or forskolin to reverse the enhancement of the serotonin syndrome by lithium was teste...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245842
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of pindolol on the prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) responses to intravenous tryptophan (LTP) were studied in eight healthy male volunteers. Pindolol pretreatment (40 mg over 48 h) markedly attenuated the GH response to LTP and modestly, but significantly, reduced the LTP-induced increase in plasma ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244090
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:A glutamate-dopamine interaction has been implicated in the psychosis-like effects of glutamate N-methyl- D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, such as phencyclidine and ketamine. However, recent imaging studies addressing striatal glutamate-dopamine interaction directly in vivo in man have been controvers...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1236-6
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00