Abstract：
:There is a natural curiosity about how organisms give rise to offspring like themselves through a series of reproducible developmental events and how, once mature, these offspring mate and continue the process giving rise the next generation. In the mid-1800s investigators started using gametes and embryos to explore this process. Although the observations and experimental approaches changed over time, embryologists and developmental biologists after them, sought understanding of development and inheritance through the study of gametes and embryos. It is argued here that in their quests to understand these processes embryologists made major conceptual advances that were seminal to the origins of genetics and to the origins of molecular biology. Furthermore these advances derived from the distinct perspective of those investigators with focused interest on the development of the organism. In this essay fundamental discoveries that originated with the sea urchin embryo as an experimental system are used to illustrate this position. The sea urchin has a long and uninterrupted history as a model organism that helped prepare the ground for the emergence of genetics and contributed important aspects to understanding of the central dogma of molecular biology. As molecular biology came of age new concepts and technology of the discipline were transformative for developmental biology and to this day the reciprocal inductive interactions between molecular biology and developmental biology continue to revitalize each other.
journal_name
Dev Bioljournal_title
Developmental biologyauthors
Ernst SGdoi
10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.06.021subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-10-15 00:00:00pages
285-94issue
2eissn
0012-1606issn
1095-564Xpii
S0012-1606(11)01080-3journal_volume
358pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章abstract：:The outgrowth of the mesoderm of the developing limb bud in response to the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) is mediated at least in part by members of the FGF family. Recent studies have indicated that FGFs need to interact with heparan sulfate proteoglycans in order to bind to and activate their specific cell surface r...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1997.8525
更新日期：1997-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular pH (pHi) measurements were performed in surf clam (Spisula solidissima) oocytes before and after artificial activation or fertilization [evidenced by germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD)] by the dimethyloxazolidinedione (DMO) and 2',7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) methods. Resul...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1997.8682
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endoderm of C. elegans arises entirely from a single progenitor cell, the E blastomere, whose identity is specified by GATA type transcription factors, including END-1. In response to an inductive interaction mediated through Wnt/MAP kinase signaling pathways, POP-1, a Lef/Tcf-type transcription factor, restricts ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.11.015
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine the possible role of homeo box genes in murine development we have studied the structure and expression pattern of Hox-2.5, a newly isolated homeo box gene that maps to the left end of the mouse Hox-2 locus on chromosome 11. The sequence of the Hox-2.5 homeo box has been determined. It is highly homologous ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(89)90056-0
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To analyse cell migration and the differentiation potential of migratory stem cells in Hydractinia, we generated animals with an eGFP reporter gene stably expressed and transmitted via the germline. The transgene was placed under the control of two different actin promoters and the promoter of elongation factor-1α. On...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.08.017
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zygotes and embryos of the fucoid brown alga Pelvetia compressa undergo a series of asymmetric cleavages. We are interested in the developmental role of these cleavages and the mechanism controlling their alignment. To assess the importance of division plane alignment, the orientation of the first asymmetric division ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1997.8832
更新日期：1998-02-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.11.029
更新日期：2006-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Oocytes from LTXBO mice exhibit a delayed entry into anaphase I and frequently enter interphase after the first meiotic division. This unique oocyte model was used to test the hypothesis that protein kinase C (PKC) may regulate the meiosis I-to-meiosis II transition. PKC activity was detected in LTXBO oocytes at proph...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.2001.0311
更新日期：2001-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of chimeras was generated by injecting single normal, parthenogenetic, or androgenetic blastomeres carrying transgenic markers under the zona pellucida of nontransgenic eight-cell embryos. These chimeras were cultured to the blastocyst stage and sectioned, and the transgenic component was detected by in situ ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0012-1606(89)80028-4
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(86)90114-4
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.01.016
更新日期：2006-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:During endochondral bone formation, vascular invasion initiates the replacement of avascular cartilage by bone. We demonstrate herein that the cartilage-specific overexpression of VEGF-A(164) in mice results in the hypervascularization of soft connective tissues away from cartilage. Unexpectedly, perichondrial tissue ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.05.552
更新日期：2009-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Activin is a potent inducer of axial mesoderm in vitro and may have a similar role in vivo. Xenopus laevis eggs contain significant amounts of activin or activin-like factors, but maternal activin transcripts have not been detected in Xenopus eggs. The maternal activin protein might be translated from activin beta A o...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1993.1265
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A cDNA of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus was identified as encoding polyubiquitin and used to detect a single gene with transcripts containing multiple ubiquitin coding units. Polyubiquitin transcripts exist as a 3.2-kb RNA in polyribosomes and as three higher molecular weight RNAs in purified nuclei. Th...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(91)90124-l
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.03.011
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The formation of endocardial endothelium in quail embryos was investigated using in vivo and in vitro systems. Based on the expression of an quail endothelial marker, QH-1, the initial emergence of endothelial precursor cells in the embryo occurs at stage 7+ (two somites) in the posterior parts of the bilateral heart ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1996.0096
更新日期：1996-04-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Integrin α5-null embryos die in mid-gestation from severe defects in cardiovascular morphogenesis, which stem from defective development of the neural crest, heart and vasculature. To investigate the role of integrin α5β1 in cardiovascular development, we used the Mesp1(Cre) knock-in strain of mice to ablate integrin ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.09.014
更新日期：2014-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Metaphase II arrest of Xenopus oocyte is characterized by the presence of M-phase-promoting factor (MPF) and of a microtubular spindle, both of which are stable in the presence of protein synthesis inhibitors. We studied in vivo this equilibrium state that is settled during meiotic maturation. At time of germinal vesi...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1997.8543
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.12.002
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2004.03.003
更新日期：2004-06-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2004.01.044
更新日期：2004-05-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.11.021
更新日期：2009-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The calmodulin levels in stage 6 Xenopus oocytes averaged 89 +/- 24 (SD) ng/oocyte and had largely accumulated by stage 3 of oogenesis. From stage 3 to early stage 6, calmodulin levels did not increase further. However, in large stage 6 oocytes (greater than 1.25 mm diam) calmodulin levels again rose to a level as hig...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(86)90120-x
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unidirectional blue light directs the rhizoid-thallus axis in the apolar zygotes of Fucus and Pelvetia. Here, it is shown that blue light (but not red light) increased cyclic GMP levels of Pelvetia zygotes by about a factor of 2. When the increase in cyclic GMP was blocked by a guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, photopolariz...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1997.8600
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(88)90222-9
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chondrocytes were isolated from the auricular cartilage of rabbits, aged 1 week to 30 months, and grown in short-term cell culture. The cells from the 1-week animals were small, polygonal, and mononucleated, while the chondrocytes from the older animals were larger, rounded, and frequently binucleated. The synthesis o...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(83)90311-1
更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:TGF-beta (TGFβ) family mediated Smad signaling is involved in mesoderm and endoderm specifications, left-right asymmetry formation and neural tube development. The TGFβ1/2/3 and Activin/Nodal signal transduction cascades culminate with activation of SMAD2 and/or SMAD3 transcription factors and their overactivation are...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.09.025
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During early development, GATA factors have been shown to be important for key events of coronary vasculogenesis, including formation of the epicardium. Myocardial GATA factors are required for coronary vascular (CV) formation; however, the role of epicardial localized GATAs in this process has not been addressed. The...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.12.033
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of the catalytic and regulatory subunits of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase between cytoplasm and nucleus was determined during the development of Dictyostelium discoideum. In vegetative amoebae approximately 2% of the subunits were in the nucleus. During development there was an approximately 5-fol...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(86)90221-6
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enhancers are flexible in terms of their location and orientation relative to the genes they regulate. However, little is known about whether the flexibility can be applied in every combination of enhancers and genes. Enhancer detection with transposable elements is a powerful method to identify enhancers in the genom...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.12.012
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
