Abstract:
:5' HoxD genes are required for the correct formation of limb skeletal elements. Hoxd13, the most 5'-located HoxD gene, is important for patterning the most distal limb region, and its mutation causes human limb malformation syndromes. The mechanisms underlying the control of developmental processes by Hoxd13, and by Hox genes in general, are still elusive, due to the limited knowledge on their direct downstream target genes. We identified by ChIP-on-chip 248 known gene loci bound invivo by Hoxd13. Genes relevant to limb patterning and skeletogenesis were further analysed. We found that Hoxd13 binds invivo, in developing limbs, the loci of Hand2, a gene crucial to limb AP axis patterning, of Meis1 and Meis2, involved in PD patterning, of the Sfrp1, Barx1, and Fbn1 genes, involved in skeletogenesis, and of the Dach1, Bmp2, Bmp4, andEmx2 genes. We show that Hoxd13 misexpression in developing chick limbs alters the expression of the majority of these genes, supporting the conclusion that Hoxd13 directly regulates their transcription. Our results indicate that 5' Hox proteins regulate directly both key genes for early limb AP and PD axis patterning and genes involved, at later stages, in skeletal patterning.
journal_name
Dev Bioljournal_title
Developmental biologyauthors
Salsi V,Vigano MA,Cocchiarella F,Mantovani R,Zappavigna Vdoi
10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.02.048subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-05-15 00:00:00pages
497-507issue
2eissn
0012-1606issn
1095-564Xpii
S0012-1606(08)00173-5journal_volume
317pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The rabbit sperm membrane autoantigen RSA-1 is a sialoglycoprotein of 13,000 daltons which first appears on the surface of pachytene spermatocytes. Using specific antiserum to RSA-1 the antigen has been localized by immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase staining. On testicular cells labeled at 37 degrees C, RSA-1 is...
journal_title:Developmental biology
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journal_title:Developmental biology
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journal_title:Developmental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Developmental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Developmental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.04.468
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journal_title:Developmental biology
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更新日期:1996-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::The stability of sexual phenotype was examined in a single clone of Hydra oligactis males maintained at two culture temperatures, 18 and 22 degrees C. At these temperatures animals of this species do not reproduce sexually, but reproduce asexually by budding, and males and females are morphologically indistinguishable...
journal_title:Developmental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0012-1606(86)90311-8
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journal_title:Developmental biology
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journal_title:Developmental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Developmental biology
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journal_title:Developmental biology
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0012-1606(90)90149-d
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