Abstract：
:Adaptation or gain control allows sensory neurons to encode diverse stimuli using a limited range of output signals. Rod vision exemplifies a general challenge facing adaptational mechanisms-balancing the benefits of averaging to create a reliable signal for adaptation with the need to adapt rapidly and locally. The synapse between rod bipolar and AII amacrine cells dominates adaptation at low light levels. We find that adaptation occurs independently at each synapse and completes in <500 ms. This limited spatial and temporal integration suggests that the absorption of a single photon modulates gain. Indeed, responses to pairs of brief dim flashes showed directly that synaptic gain was depressed for 100-200 ms following transmission of a single-photon response. Presynaptic mechanisms mediated this synaptic depression. Thus, the division of light into discrete photons controls adaptation at this synapse, and gain varies with the irreducible statistical fluctuations in photon arrival.
journal_name
Neuronjournal_title
Neuronauthors
Dunn FA,Rieke Fdoi
10.1016/j.neuron.2008.01.031subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-03-27 00:00:00pages
894-904issue
6eissn
0896-6273issn
1097-4199pii
S0896-6273(08)00118-9journal_volume
57pub_type
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