Abstract:
:Targeting of estrogen receptor is commonly used as a first-line treatment for hormone-positive breast cancer patients, and is considered as a keystone of systemic cancer therapy. Likewise, HER2-targeted therapy significantly improved the survival of HER2-positive breast cancer patients, indicating that targeted therapy is a powerful therapeutic strategy for breast cancer. However, for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive breast cancer subtype, there are no clinically approved targeted therapies, and thus, an urgent need to identify potent, highly effective therapeutic targets. In this mini-review, we describe general strategies to inhibit tumor growth by targeted therapies and briefly discuss emerging resistance mechanisms. Particularly, we focus on therapeutic targets for TNBC and discuss combination therapies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and associated resistance mechanisms.
journal_name
Biochem Soc Transjournal_title
Biochemical Society transactionsauthors
Lev Sdoi
10.1042/BST20191055subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-04-29 00:00:00pages
657-665issue
2eissn
0300-5127issn
1470-8752pii
222712journal_volume
48pub_type
杂志文章abstract::There is strong evidence for an important role for increased COX (cyclo-oxygenase)-2 expression and PG (prostaglandin) E2 production in colorectal tumorigenesis. PGE(2) acts through four E-prostanoid receptors (EP1-4). COX-2 has therefore become a target for the potential chemoprevention and therapy of colorectal canc...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0330667
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the cellular distribution of p122RhoGAP, a GTPase-activating protein of Rho small GTPase and an activator of phospholipase C-delta(1). Immunofluorescence studies demonstrated that endogenous p122 is localized at the tips of actin stress fibres and co-localizes with vinculin in normal rat kidney ce...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0321107
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammation and dyslipidaemia both play important roles in the development of glomerular atherosclerosis in renal diseases. We have demonstrated that inflammatory mediators induced Scr (scavenger receptor) expression and the formation of foam cells, and that AP-1 (activator protein 1)/ets were necessary transcription...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/bst0320088
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trim25 is a member of the tripartite motif family of E3 ubiquitin ligases. It plays major roles in innate immunity and defence against viral infection, control of cell proliferation and migration of cancer cells. Recent work identified Trim25 as being able to bind to RNA and to regulate Lin28a-mediated uridylation of ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20160077
更新日期:2016-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The network of the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) is set up by cytoskeletal control of the movement and remodelling of polygonal rings of tubules, bundles of tubules and cisternal regions. We have developed a new image analysis tool, persistency mapping, to understand the framework upon which the plant ER remodels. With t...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0380747
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of studies demonstrate disturbances of the central innate immune system in AD (Alzheimer's disease). In animal and human studies, there is evidence of close communication between systemic and central innate immune systems. Animal models of neurodegeneration show evidence of an exaggerated central innate immun...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0390898
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A general strategy is described for the amplified expression, purification and characterization in Escherichia coli of multidrug efflux proteins from Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Methanococcus janaschii and E. coli. They all catalyse drug/H(+) antiport of substrates such as quinolones and ethidium and exe...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlorophyll metabolism is probably the most visible manifestation of life. In spite of this, chlorophyll catabolism has remained something of a mystery until about 10 years ago. At that time, the first non-green tetrapyrrolic chlorophyll breakdown products from higher plants were discovered, and the structure of the f...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/bst0300625
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The control of the intracellular localization of NCS (neuronal calcium sensor) proteins is of importance for their ability to respond appropriately to differing calcium signals. We examine the localization of three NCS proteins: NCS-1, KChIP-1 (potassium-channel-interacting protein 1) and hippocalcin. Additionally, th...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/bst0310963
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromosomal instability occurs early in the development of cancer and may represent an important step in promoting the multiple genetic changes required for the initiation and/or progression of the disease. Telomere erosion is one of the factors that contribute to chromosome instability through end-to-end chromosome f...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0381698
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The avascular nature of the human intervertebral disc is thought to reduce the ability of resident disc cells to maintain their extracellular matrix, rendering the tissue susceptible to degeneration. It has also been suggested that the lack of a blood supply may result in disc cell death via nutrient deprivation. Ther...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0350680
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animal venoms are recognised as unique biological systems in which to study molecular evolution. Venom use has evolved numerous times among the insects, and insects today use venom to capture prey, defend themselves from predators, or to subdue and modulate host responses during parasitism. However, little is known ab...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST20190820
更新日期:2020-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::Biophysical techniques developed during the last three decades have provided an increasingly detailed description of the internal processes associated with ligand capture and release by haem proteins. Myoglobin has long been the paradigm for these studies. More recently, cytochrome P450cam (the camphor-metabolizing cy...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0340975
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The oxidoreductase Trx-1 (thioredoxin 1) is highly conserved and found intra- and extra-cellularly in mammalian systems. There is increasing interest in its capacity to regulate immune function based on observations of altered distribution and expression during ageing and disease. We have investigated previously wheth...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20140162
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::AD (Alzheimer's disease) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the abnormal hyperphosphorylation and aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein tau and the misfolding and deposition of Abeta peptide. The mechanisms by which tau and Abeta become abnormal is not clearly understood, neither is it known ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0380988
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In plants, the spatial arrangement of cells within tissues and organs is a direct consequence of the positioning of the new cell walls during cell division. Since the nineteenth century, scientists have proposed rules to explain the orientation of plant cell divisions. Most of these rules predict the new wall will fol...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST20200529
更新日期:2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::CYP74C3 (cytochrome P450 subfamily 74C3), an HPL (hydroperoxide lyase) from Medicago truncatula (barrel medic), and CYP74A1, an AOS (allene oxide synthase) from Arabidopsis thaliana, are key membrane-associated P450 enzymes in plant oxylipin metabolism. Both recombinant detergent-free enzymes are monomeric proteins wi...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0341223
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vascular endothelium, adherens junctions between endothelial cells are composed of VE-cadherin (vascular endothelial cadherin), an adhesive receptor that is crucial for the proper assembly of vascular structures and the maintenance of vascular integrity. As a classical cadherin, VE-cadherin links endothelial cells ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0360189
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activated tyrosine kinase receptors acquire ubiquitin tags. Ubiquitination governs receptor down-regulation through interaction with components of the endosomal ESCRT (endosomal sorting complexes required for transport) machinery that shepherds receptors into luminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies en route to the l...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0340754
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The thermoacidophile crenarchaeote Sulfolobus ssp. is one of the best-studied Archaea. Cryptic and conjugative plasmids as well as viruses have been described for this genus. For the majority of the genetic elements only the genome sequence and the basic characteristics were determined. In contrast the fusellovirus SS...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/bst0320240
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The steroid hormone progesterone regulates many critical aspects of vertebrate physiology. The nuclear receptor for progesterone functions as a ligand-activated transcription factor, directly regulating gene expression. This type of signalling is referred to as the 'genomic' pathway. Nevertheless, progesterone also st...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST20110638
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quinone oxidoreductases are a class of membrane enzymes that catalyse the oxidation or reduction of membrane-bound quinols/quinones. The conversion of quinone/quinol by these enzymes is difficult to study because of the hydrophobic nature of the enzymes and their substrates. We describe some biochemical properties of ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0370707
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within the SulfoSYS (Sulfolobus Systems Biology) project, the effect of temperature on a metabolic network is investigated at the systems level. Sulfolobus solfataricus utilizes an unusual branched ED (Entner-Doudoroff) pathway for sugar degradation that is promiscuous for glucose and galactose. In the course of metab...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0390077
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) is a key regulator of cell growth, metabolism and survival. The frequent activation of the PI3K pathway in cancer has stimulated widespread interest in identifying potent and selective inhibitors of PI3K isoforms. The present paper highlights recent progress in identifying such molecul...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0350245
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) accumulates in acidocalcisomes, acidic calcium stores that have been found from bacteria to human cells. Proton pumps, such as the vacuolar proton pyrophosphatase (V-H(+)-PPase or VP1), the vacuolar proton ATPase (V-H(+)-ATPase) or both, maintain their acidity. A vacuolar transporter ch...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20150193
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT, EC 2.3.1.20) with predicted molecular mass of 56.9. kDa (BnDGAT1) was examined using microspore-derived cell suspension cultures of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. cv Jet Neuf). As well, a recombinant histidine-tagged N-terminal fragment of BnDGAT1 [BnDGAT1((1-11...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of the BCR (B cell antigen receptor) stimulates the production of both PtdIns(3,4,5) P3 and Ins(1,4,5) P3. PtdIns(3,4,5) P3 and Ins(1,4,5) P3 are generated from a common substrate, PtdIns(4,5) P2. In some systems, continuous PtdIns(4,5) P2 synthesis is necessary for maximal Ins(1,4,5) P3 production, but whe...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/bst0320326
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virtually all the biological processes that occur inside or outside cells are mediated by protein-protein interactions (PPIs). Hence, the charting and description of the PPI network, initially in organisms, the interactome, but more recently in specific tissues, is essential to fully understand cellular processes both...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20150001
更新日期:2016-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) is an indispensable tool for elucidating the structure and dynamics of insoluble and non-crystalline biomolecules. The recent advances in the sensitivity-enhancing technique magic-angle spinning dynamic nuclear polarization (MAS-DNP) have substantially expanded the territ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST20191084
更新日期:2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::The IRF [IFN (interferon) regulatory factor] family of transcription factors control many cellular processes, including induction of key antiviral cytokines, type I IFNs, following viral infection. Recent studies have revealed several endogenous and viral proteins involved in ubiquitin-mediated regulation of IRF activ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0360453
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00