Abstract:
:In vascular endothelium, adherens junctions between endothelial cells are composed of VE-cadherin (vascular endothelial cadherin), an adhesive receptor that is crucial for the proper assembly of vascular structures and the maintenance of vascular integrity. As a classical cadherin, VE-cadherin links endothelial cells together by homophilic interactions mediated by its extracellular part and associates intracellularly with the actin cytoskeleton via catenins. Although, from structural crystallographic data, a dimeric structure arranged in a trans orientation has emerged as a potential mechanism of cell-cell adhesion, the cadherin organization within adherens junctions remains controversial. Concerning VE-cadherin, its extracellular part possesses the capacity to self-associate in solution as hexamers consisting of three antiparallel cadherin dimers. VE-cadherin-based adherens junctions were reconstituted in vitro by assembly of a VE-cadherin EC (extracellular repeat) 1-EC4 hexamer at the surfaces of liposomes. The artificial adherens junctions revealed by cryoelectron microscopy appear as a two-dimensional self-assembly of hexameric structures. This cadherin organization is reminiscent of that found in native desmosomal junctions. Further structural studies performed on native VE-cadherin junctions would provide a better understanding of the cadherin organization within adherens junctions. Homophilic interactions between cadherins are strengthened intracellularly by connection to the actin cytoskeleton. Recently, we have discovered that annexin 2, an actin-binding protein connects the VE-cadherin-catenin complex to the actin cytoskeleton. This novel link is labile and promotes the endothelial cell switch from a quiescent to an angiogenic state.
journal_name
Biochem Soc Transjournal_title
Biochemical Society transactionsauthors
Taveau JC,Dubois M,Le Bihan O,Trépout S,Almagro S,Hewat E,Durmort C,Heyraud S,Gulino-Debrac D,Lambert Odoi
10.1042/BST0360189subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-04-01 00:00:00pages
189-93issue
Pt 2eissn
0300-5127issn
1470-8752pii
BST0360189journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Pantothenate (vitamin B5) is a water-soluble vitamin essential for the synthesis of CoA and ACP (acyl-carrier protein, cofactors in energy yielding reactions including carbohydrate metabolism and fatty acid synthesis. Pantothenate is synthesized de novo by plants and micro-organisms; however, animals obtain the vitami...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0330743
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Collaborative communication lies at the centre of multicellular life. Gap junctions (GJs) are surface membrane structures that allow direct communication between cells. They were discovered in the 1960s following the convergence of the detection of low-resistance electrical interactions between cells and anatomical st...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20150056
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assembly of ribonucleoprotein complexes is a facilitated quality-controlled process that typically includes modification to the RNA component from precursor to mature form. The SRP (signal recognition particle) is a cytosolic ribonucleoprotein that catalyses protein targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum. Assembly of ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0381093
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::RNA pseudoknots are structural elements found in almost all classes of RNA. Pseudoknots form when a single-stranded region in the loop of a hairpin base-pairs with a stretch of complementary nucleotides elsewhere in the RNA chain. This simple folding strategy is capable of generating a large number of stable three-dim...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0360684
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many quinone-reactive enzyme complexes that are part of membrane-integral eukaryotic or prokaryotic respiratory electron transport chains contain one or more haem b molecules embedded in the membrane. In recent years, various novel proteins have emerged that are devoid of haem b but are thought to fulfil a similar fun...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0361011
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tetraspanin CD9 is associated with integrin adhesion receptors and it was reported that CD9 regulates integrin-dependent cell migration and invasion. Pro- and anti-migratory effects of CD9 have been linked to adhesion-dependent signalling pathways, including phosphorylation of FAK (focal adhesion kinase) and activatio...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0390563
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes represent a large superfamily that displays extraordinarily diverse substrate specificities. After a concise review about CYPs of the CYP1A subfamily, which plays a crucial role in procarcinogen activation, this paper presents segment-directed mutagenesis. This approach generates a librar...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/0300-5127:0290128
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclin A must be degraded at prometaphase in order to allow mitosis progression. Nevertheless, the signals that trigger cyclin A degradation at mitosis have been largely elusive. In the present paper, we review the status of cyclin A degradation in the light of recent evidence indicating that acetylation plays a role ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0380083
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Golgi complex (GC) has an essential role in the processing and sorting of proteins and lipids. The GC of mammalian cells is composed of stacks of cisternae connected by membranous tubules to create a continuous network, the Golgi ribbon, whose maintenance requires several core and accessory proteins. Despite this ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20190646
更新日期:2020-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::The calcium-sensing receptor is a multimodal, multimetabolic sensor that mediates the feedback-dependent control of whole body calcium metabolism. Remarkably, in addition to its role in Ca(2+)(o) (extracellular Ca(2+)) sensing, the CaR (Ca(2+)-sensing receptor) also responds to L-amino acids. L-amino acids appear to a...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0351195
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In nearly all somatic cells, the ribosome biosynthesis is a key activity. The same is true also for mammalian oocytes and early embryos. This activity is intimately linked to the most prominent nuclear organelles - the nucleoli. Interestingly, during a short period around fertilization, the nucleoli in oocytes and emb...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST20190847
更新日期:2020-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::We study how mechanical forces integrate spatially and temporally with regulatory signals at the leading edge of migrating cells. To probe the dynamics of this system, we developed quantitative fluorescent speckle microscopy, which maps out actin cytoskeleton transport, assembly and disassembly with high spatial resol...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST20051250
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anaphase B spindle elongation plays an important role in chromosome segregation. In the present paper, we discuss our model for anaphase B in Drosophila syncytial embryos, in which spindle elongation depends on an ip (interpolar) MT (microtubule) sliding filament mechanism generated by homotetrameric kinesin-5 motors ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0391149
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diet can significantly influence exercise performance. Diet alone will not ensure successful performance in sport, but it plays a permissive role in allowing sustained intensive training with limited risk of illness and injury. Diet may also promote adaptations to training by stimulating synthesis and breakdown of the...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/bst0311267
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The IRF [IFN (interferon) regulatory factor] family of transcription factors control many cellular processes, including induction of key antiviral cytokines, type I IFNs, following viral infection. Recent studies have revealed several endogenous and viral proteins involved in ubiquitin-mediated regulation of IRF activ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0360453
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles which stem from endosomes fusing with the plasma membrane; they contain lipids, proteins and RNAs that are able to modify receiving cells. Functioning of the brain relies on synapses, and certain patterns of synaptic activity can change the strength of responses at sparse grou...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20120266
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-coding transcripts play an important role in gene expression regulation in all species, including budding and fission yeast. Such regulatory transcripts include intergenic ncRNA (non-coding RNA), 5' and 3' UTRs, introns and antisense transcripts. In the present review, we discuss advantages and limitations of rece...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20130144
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of the BCR (B cell antigen receptor) stimulates the production of both PtdIns(3,4,5) P3 and Ins(1,4,5) P3. PtdIns(3,4,5) P3 and Ins(1,4,5) P3 are generated from a common substrate, PtdIns(4,5) P2. In some systems, continuous PtdIns(4,5) P2 synthesis is necessary for maximal Ins(1,4,5) P3 production, but whe...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/bst0320326
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Membrane contact sites (MCSs) are subcellular regions where the membranes of distinct organelles come into close apposition. These specialized areas of the cell, which are involved in inter-organelle metabolite exchange, are scaffolded by specific complexes. STARD3 [StAR (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein)-relate...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20150269
更新日期:2016-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Single-molecule fluorescence methods, particularly single-molecule FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer), have provided novel insights into the structure, interactions and dynamics of biological systems. ALEX (alternating-laser excitation) spectroscopy is a new method that extends single-molecule FRET by provi...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0360738
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::TDP-43 (TAR DNA-binding protein 43) is an hnRNP (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein) protein whose role in cellular processes has come to the forefront of neurodegeneration research after the observation that it is the main component of brain inclusions in ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) and FTLD (frontotempo...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20130186
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction of chemokines and GAGs (glycosaminoglycans) on endothelial surfaces is a crucial step for establishing a chemotactic gradient which leads to the functional presentation of chemokines to their GPCRs (G-protein-coupled receptors) and thus to activation of approaching leucocytes. Based on molecular modell...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0340435
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this work we present a probabilistic model to estimate summaries of Affymetrix GeneChip probe level data. Comparisons with two different models were made both on a publicly available dataset and on a study performed in our laboratory, showing that our model performs better for consistency of fold change. ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/bst0311510
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dynein is an AAA+ (ATPase associated with various cellular activities)-type motor complex that utilizes ATP hydrolysis to actively drive microtubule sliding. The dynein heavy chain (molecular mass >500 kDa) contains six tandemly linked AAA+ modules and exhibits full motor activities. Detailed molecular dissection of t...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0360131
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 is a sediment organism capable of dissimilatory reduction of insoluble metal compounds such as those of Fe(II) and Mn(IV). This bacterium has been used as a model organism for potential applications in bioremediation of contaminated environments and in the production of energy in microbial f...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20120114
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In T cell development, a pivotal decision-making stage, termed β-selection, integrates a TCRβ checkpoint to coordinate survival, proliferation and differentiation to an αβ T cell. Here, we review how transcriptional regulation coordinates fate determination in early T cell development to enable β-selection. Errors in ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20180414
更新日期:2019-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated serum chemokines for their suitability as markers of atherosclerosis development in apoE (apolipoprotein E)-deficient ((-/-)) mice. Female C3H apoE(-/-) and C57BL apoE(-/-) mice were fed on either diet W (Western diet; 6 weeks) or normal rodent diet (12 weeks). Serum lipids (0, 6 and 12 weeks) and...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/bst0320128
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various investigators have identified the major domain organization of LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2), which includes a GTPase ROC (Ras of complex proteins) domain followed by a COR (C-terminal of ROC) domain and a protein kinase domain. In addition, there are four domains composed of structural repeat motifs li...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20120088
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Voltage-gated K(+) channels are key regulators of neuronal excitability. The Kv2.1 voltage-gated K(+) channel is the major delayed rectifier K(+) channel expressed in most central neurons, where it exists as a highly phosphorylated protein. Kv2.1 plays a critical role in homoeostatic regulation of intrinsic neuronal e...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0351064
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crystal structure data for Escherichia coli beta-ketoacyl synthase (KAS) I with C(10) and C(12) fatty acid substrates bound in conjunction with results from mutagenizing residues in the active site leads to a model for catalysis. Differences from and similarities to the other Claisen enzymes carrying out decarboxylati...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/0300-5127:0280601
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00