Single ingestion of di-(2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP) by male volunteers: DPHP in blood and its metabolites in blood and urine.

abstract：:The birth of the twenty first century has provoked a substantial rise in the use of designer drugs, such as synthetic cathinones, because of a decrease in the availability and purity of other drugs of abuse. The khat plant or Catha edulis, contains cathinone, the parent compound. Synthetic cathinones are sold under th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Katz DP,Bhattacharya D,Bhattacharya S,Deruiter J,Clark CR,Suppiramaniam V,Dhanasekaran M

更新日期：2014-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the oxidative effects of Fe(2)O(3), benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) and pyrene, alone or in association (B(a)P or pyrene coated onto Fe(2)O(3) particles), in normal human embryonic lung epithelial cells (L132) in culture. We evaluated: (i) membrane integrity, through fatty acid release ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Garçon G,Shirali P,Garry S,Fontaine M,Zerimech F,Martin A,Hannothiaux MH

更新日期：2000-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Grain should be harvested at lowest possible humidity, or immediately dried to safe storage humidity to prevent the growth of fungi. Critical steps of grain harvest like conditions of used combine harvester, temperatures and aeration are discussed on their impact on mycotoxin formation. ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Schrödter R

更新日期：2004-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Human saliva offers a unique noninvasive approach for populational study. Purposes of this study were to investigate the feasibility of using saliva manganese (Mn) concentration as a biomarker of Mn exposure among career welders and to study the variations of Mn, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wang D,Du X,Zheng W

更新日期：2008-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:E-64d (a calpain and autophagy inhibitor) has previously been shown safe for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in humans. In the present study, the potential protective mechanism of E-64d on hippocampal aberrant mossy fiber sprouting was examined in a developmental rat model of penicillin-induced recurrent epilepti...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ni H,Ren SY,Zhang LL,Sun Q,Tian T,Feng X

更新日期：2013-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Cynomolgus monkeys showed no measurable adverse effects following inhalation of 500 ppm dimethylformamide (DMF), 6 h/d, 5 d/wk, for 2 weeks either when exposed whole-body or head-only (one monkey per exposure route). Measurement of DMF concentrations into and out of the head-only exposure unit along with measurement o...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hurtt ME,McCooey KT,Placke ME,Kennedy GL

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzene is an occupational and environmental toxicant. The major health concern for humans is acute myelogenous leukemia. To exert its toxic effects, benzene must be metabolized by cytochrome P450 to phenol and subsequently to catechol and hydroquinone. Previous research has implicated CYP2E1 in the metabolism of phen...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Powley MW,Carlson GP

更新日期：2001-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactivity of phenoxyl radicals towards biomolecules (proteins, nucleic acids and lipids) is essential for antioxidant (protective) versus prooxidant (cytotoxic) effects of phenolic compounds (antioxidants, phytochemicals, environmental pollutants and toxic chemicals). The present study demonstrates for the first time...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ritov VB,Menshikova EV,Goldman R,Kagan VE

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress has been pointed as an important molecular mechanism for liver injury in methylmercury (MeHg) poisoning. Ebselen, a seleno-organic compound that possesses anti-oxidant properties, is a useful therapeutic agent used in clinical situations involving oxidative stress. Here, we examined the possible in vi...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Farina M,Soares FA,Zeni G,Souza DO,Rocha JB

更新日期：2004-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Iron is a unique poison because it is not a xenobiotic. It is an essential element and highly reactive. Because of the critical dependence upon iron and its potential to damage tissues, elaborate mechanisms have evolved for its efficient absorption, transport, cellular uptake, storage and conservation. These are incom...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tenenbein M

更新日期：1998-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:This study attempted the liposomalization of coproporphyrin I (CPI) with hydrophobic properties. Liposomalization of CPI was not successful at any pH when using lactate buffer. In contrast, when using 9% sucrose/10mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.8), CPI liposomes (Lipo-CPI) and polyethyleneglycol (PEG) modified liposomes (P...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sadzuka Y,Iwasaki F,Sugiyama I,Horiuchi K,Hirano T,Ozawa H,Kanayama N,Oku N

更新日期：2008-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemical-peptide conjugation is the molecular initiating event in skin sensitization. The OECD test guideline uses a high-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet (HPLC/UV) detection method to quantify chemical-peptide conjugation in a direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA), which measures the depletion of two sy...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wei Z,Fang Y,Gosztyla ML,Li AJ,Huang W,LeClair CA,Simeonov A,Tao D,Xia M

更新日期：2021-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is widely used as a B-lymphocyte mitogen and is known to depress expression of the cytochrome P450 (P450). However, there have been no studies regarding to the effects of the other mitogens on the expression of P450. This study investigated the effects of mitogens on the constitutive and induc...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Jeong HG

更新日期：1999-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Coumarin and its derivatives are widely employed as a fragrance in cosmetics and skin care products. The skin absorption level and possible disruption to the skin by topical application of coumarins were evaluated in this study. Percutaneous absorption of osthole, daphnoretin, coumarin, byakangelicin, and 7-hydroxycou...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pan TL,Wang PW,Aljuffali IA,Leu YL,Hung YY,Fang JY

更新日期：2014-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular basis of the interindividual differences of normal individuals to ionizing radiation is poorly understood. Several studies in telomerase KO mice with short telomeres have uncovered an inverse relationship between telomere length and radiation sensitivity. The present work aims to determine if chromosome ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Castella M,Puerto S,Creus A,Marcos R,Surralles J

更新日期：2007-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood-testis barrier (BTB) provides a suitable microenvironment for germ cells that is required for spermatogenesis. Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is recognized to occasion male reproductive impairment, but the mechanism of which remains unclear. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used to establish animal models...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Cao XN,Shen LJ,Wu SD,Yan C,Zhou Y,Xiong G,Wang YC,Liu Y,Liu B,Tang XL,Guo M,Liu DY,Long CL,Sun M,He DW,Lin T,Wei GH

更新日期：2017-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Styrene-acrylonitrile trimer (SAN Trimer), a mixture of six isomers (four isomers of 4-cyano-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-alpha-methyl-1-naphthaleneacetonitrile [THAN] and two isomers of 4-cyano-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthaleneproprionitrile [THNP]), is a by-product of a specific production process of styrene-acrylonitrile poly...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Gargas ML,Collins B,Fennell TR,Gaudette NF Jr,Sweeney LM

更新日期：2008-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well known that the oral administration of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) produces severe seminiferous tubular atrophy in rats, but mice are far less sensitive. In the present experiment, we demonstrated that one strain of mice derived from ICR mice, Crj:CD-1, was very sensitive to DEHP-induced testicular inju...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Oishi S

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pretreatment of male C57BL/6 mice with low doses of the persistent organochlorine pesticide, chlordecone (CD), stimulated biliary excretion of exogenous cholesterol (CH) up to 3-fold. Increased biliary excretion occurred without changes in hepatic ATP-binding cassette transporter G8 (ABCG8) of the bile canaliculus or ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Scheri RC,Lee J,Barofsky DF,Curtis LR

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol (DON) are two representative mycotoxins that are commonly found in cereals and agricultural products. As T-2 toxin and DON are considered the cause of Kashin-Beck disease, a special osteoarticular disease, chondrocytes would be a vital target site for these toxins. To fully understand the ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yang L,Wang S,Zhao G,Wang X,Guo X

更新日期：2020-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxicity of an aqueous extract prepared from Echinodorus macrophyllus dried leaves, a plant used in folk medicine to treat inflammation and kidney malfunctions, was estimated by different bioassays. Mutagenicity of the aqueous extract was evaluated in the Salmonella/microsome assay (TA97a, TA98, TA100 and TA102 strain...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： da Costa Lopes L,Albano F,Augusto Travassos Laranja G,Marques Alves L,Fernando Martins e Silva L,Poubel de Souza G,de Magalhães Araujo I,Firmino Nogueira-Neto J,Felzenszwalb I,Kovary K

更新日期：2000-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, the action of 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) on the parameters of the cortical and peripheral evoked potentials was investigated in rats in different administration schemes (20 mg/kg i.p. during recording or 24 h before, and 5x 15 mg/kg daily 28 days before recording) to elucidate some neurophysiological ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Szabó A,Papp A,Nagymajtényi L,Vezér T

更新日期：2006-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2001 the SCOOP (SCOOP: Scientific Co-operation on Questions relating to Food) task 3.2.10 "Collection of occurrence data of Fusarium toxins in food and assessment of dietary intake by the population of EU Member States" was established. The task was divided in three subtasks (zearalenone, fumonisins and trichothece...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Schothorst RC,van Egmond HP

更新日期：2004-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The target cell(s) of theobromine toxicity on rat testes and reproductive toxicity induced by pure theobromine and cocoa extract are evaluated in the present studies. Theobromine (500 mg/kg x 7 days) inhibited body weight gain in treated rats. Decreased cauda epididymal sperm reserve (38%), seminiferous tubule fluid (...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wang Y,Waller DP

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyrethroid insecticide (PYR) is used worldwide in agriculture and for indoor extermination of harmful insects. Urinary PYR metabolites (e.g. 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, 3PBA) have been used as the most sensitive biomarker for environmental PYR exposure since the late 1990s. In this study, we examined the effect of organoph...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hirosawa N,Ueyama J,Kondo T,Kamijima M,Takagi K,Fujinaka S,Hirate A,Hasegawa T,Wakusawa S

更新日期：2011-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats given calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CaNa2EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), dimercaprol, p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), or d-penicillamine (penicillamine) i.p. for 7 successive days showed a significant decrease in the activity of hepatic microsomal benzphetamine N-demethylase. Th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Dalvi RR,McGowan C,Ademoyero A

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many studies have linked ambient fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 μm, PM₂.₅) air pollution to increased morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases in the general population, but the biologic mechanisms of these associations are yet to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to evalua...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Xu X,Deng F,Guo X,Lv P,Zhong M,Liu C,Wang A,Tzan K,Jiang SY,Lippmann M,Rajagopalan S,Qu Q,Chen LC,Sun Q

更新日期：2012-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A computer program (Q-test) was used to evaluate the combined toxic effects of nerve agent GF and its combined form with sarin (GB/GF) in mice. Efficacy of Jielin Injection, the 2-PAM-containing antidote used successfully in China for the treatment of organophosphate pesticide poisoning, was also evaluated and compare...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Luo C,Liang J

更新日期：1997-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a proven animal carcinogen. Occupational cohorts with the highest exposures imply that there is a small risk of all cancers combined, but it is difficult to pinpoint the confounding effect of the main chemicals. Studies after major accidents do not unequivocally confirm th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tuomisto J,Tuomisto JT

更新日期：2012-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The co-ordinated glucuronidation and export of compounds from cells is an important determinant in the detoxification of many compounds in vivo. Many UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) and several multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) have been cloned and individually expressed to assess specificity of glucuronidation...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Cuff RL,Wade LT,Rychlik B,Jedlitschky GA,Burchell B

更新日期：2001-03-31 00:00:00