Ten-day repeated-exposure inhalation study of dimethylformamide (DMF) in cynomolgus monkeys.

abstract：:Fatty acid composition was studied in milk at day 14 and in liver at day 24 after parturition of lactating rats exposed to 0 ppm, 5 ppm or 25 ppm cadmium (Cd) via drinking water for 17 days during lactation, and in the brain of their offspring at day 19 after birth. In the liver phospholipid fraction, 22:5(n-3) was si...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Grawé KP,Pickova J,Dutta PC,Oskarsson A

更新日期：2004-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Amiodarone (AM) is an efficacious antidysrhythmic agent that is limited clinically by numerous adverse effects. Of greatest concern is AM-induced pulmonary toxicity (AIPT) due to the potential for mortality. Mitochondrial alterations and free radicals have been implicated in the etiology of AM-induced toxicities, incl...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Card JW,Lalonde BR,Rafeiro E,Tam AS,Racz WJ,Brien JF,Bray TM,Massey TE

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorpyrifos (CHP), an OP-based pesticide, induces hypothermia in the rat followed by a fever that persists for several days. The cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), is induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and released during fever and has both pyrogenic and cryogenic (i.e. antipyretic) properties. Administeri...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Rowsey PJ,Gordon CJ

更新日期：1999-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this investigation was to identify pathways involved in pneumoconiosis susceptibility, clarify their potential mechanisms, and generate SNP-to-gene to pathway hypotheses using an analytical pathway-based approach. METHODS:The identify candidate causal SNPs and pathways (ICSNPathway) was used to pe...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wang T,Yang J,Ji X,Chu M,Zhang R,Dai J,Jin G,Hu Z,Shen H,Ni C

更新日期：2015-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:When 3-nitropropanol (NPOH) was injected into the rumen (30 mg/kg), abomasum (10 mg/kg) or small intestine (10 mg/kg) of sheep, it was rapidly absorbed and converted to 3-nitropropionic acid (NPA). The reticulo-rumen was the major site of absorption for the miserotoxin aglycone but the abomasum and the small intestine...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pass MA,Majak W,Muir AD,Yost GS

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of vitamin C on acute paracetamol poisoning were studied in mice. Given orally at 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg, either simultaneously or 2 h after the oral administration of 875 mg/kg of paracetamol, vitamin C did not cause any decrease in the mortality rate. In similar conditions in previous experiments methionin...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Romero-Ferret C,Mottot G,Legros J,Margetts G

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of a cadmium (Cd) salt at concentrations of 1.0, 2.5 and 4.0 mg CdCl2/kg body wt. caused severe liver injury in rats 24 h after administration. The toxic effects were most evident in the intermediate dose of 2.5 mg. Thymidine kinase (TK), the key enzyme of the salvage pathway of D...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Theocharis SE,Margeli AP,Ghiconti IK,Varonos D

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Betel quid chewing, which contributes high concentration of safrole in saliva, is a popular oral habit in Taiwan. Safrole is a documented rodent hepatocarcinogen, yet its hepatocarcinogenic potential in human is not known. Here, we used LC/ESI-ITMS(n) and LC/QTOF-MS confirmed safrole-dGMP as reference standard to dete...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Chung YT,Chen CL,Wu CC,Chan SA,Chi CW,Liu TY

更新日期：2008-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was initiated to identify a marker of choice to monitor occupational exposure to toluene through quantitative evaluation of changes in correlation coefficients (CCs), taking advantage of a large database. Six known or proposed exposure markers in end-of-shift blood (B) and urine (U) were studied, i.e., tolu...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ikeda M,Ukai H,Kawai T,Inoue O,Maejima Y,Fukui Y,Ohashi F,Okamoto S,Takada S,Sakurai H

更新日期：2008-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In this work the in vitro reactions of phosphine with intact red blood cells and membrane-free hemoglobin extracts are reported. We demonstrate that phosphine or phosphine derivatives induce dense aggregates of denatured hemoglobin known as 'Heinz bodies' in intact red blood cells. The reaction products include irreve...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Potter WT,Rong S,Griffith J,White J,Garry VF

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Similar to other types of neuronal degeneration, Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the aggregation of a pathological protein, α-synuclein. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the principal site of protein synthesis, quality control and degradation. Genetic mutants, environmental insults and other factors dist...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Mou Z,Yuan YH,Zhang Z,Song LK,Chen NH

更新日期：2020-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Heart rate (HR) and body core temperature (Tco) were monitored in unanesthetized, unrestrained adult Sprague-Dawley rats following intraperitoneal administration of 0, 10, 30, or 60 mg/kg of the pesticide chlordimeform (CDM). Significant non-dose-related decreases were observed in both HR and Tco in all treated groups...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Watkinson WP,Gordon CJ

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethanolamine, a positively charged hydrophilic component of the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) which is also a precursor of phosphatidylcholine (PC), enhances the repair processes 24 h after carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxication of mouse liver. Ethanolamine quickly reduced aminotransferase activity released in the s...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Murakami T,Nagamura Y,Hirano K

更新日期：1998-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The lethal effects of d-amphetamine and phencyclidine (PCP) were compared when adult male mice were placed into isolated or aggregated (12 mice/cage) conditions. The LD50 of d-amphetamine decreased approx. 30-fold between isolated (87.9 mg/kg) and aggregated (2.8 mg/kg) conditions. In contrast, PCP showed only a 1.3-f...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Landauer MR,Balster RL

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although high or repeated exposure to different forms of Hg can have serious health consequences, the most important toxicity risk for humans is as methylmercury (MeHg) which exposure is mainly through consumption of fish. Generally, more than the 80% of Hg in hair is as MeHg, which is taken up by hair follicles as Me...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pino A,Bocca B,Forte G,Majorani C,Petrucci F,Senofonte O,Alimonti A

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic feeding of male Wistar rats with food containing hexachlorobenzene (HCB) at 17.5 mmol/kg induced elevation of serum amino-transferases and bilirubin content, increase of microsomal cytochrome P-450 concentration, and decrease of 5'-nucleotidase, K+,Na+- and Mg2+-adenosine triphosphatase activities in liver pla...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Nikolaev V,Naydenova E,Kerimova M,Dimov S,Ivanov E

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diclofenac is a widely prescribed NSAID that causes severe idiosyncratic drug induced liver injury (IDILI) in a small part of the patient population. Formation of protein-reactive metabolites is considered to play a role in the development of diclofenac-induced IDILI. Therefore, a high hepatic activity of enzymes invo...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： den Braver MW,Zhang Y,Venkataraman H,Vermeulen NP,Commandeur JN

更新日期：2016-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of dietary vomitoxin on the serum IgA and IgG responses to two model intestinal antigens, casein and cholera toxin (CT), were assessed in 4 experimental groups: (1) mice fed casein-based diet, (2) mice fed casein-based diet containing 25 ppm vomitoxin, (3) mice fed casein-based diet and immunized with CT, a...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pestka JJ,Moorman MA,Warner RL

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As information regarding microarray data sets and toxicogenomic biomarkers grows rapidly, the process of analyzing data and interpreting the results is increasingly complicated. To facilitate data analysis, a simple expression ratio-based scoring method called the TGP1 score was previously proposed [Kiyosawa, N., Shiw...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kiyosawa N,Ando Y,Watanabe K,Niino N,Manabe S,Yamoto T

更新日期：2009-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Prenatal stress is known to affect the development of the brain, and exaggerate the developmental toxicity of chemicals. Many studies of developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) use pregnant rodents mated at the supplier, which consequently suffer from the stress of shipping and of environmental changes. Here, we demonstrate...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ogawa T,Kuwagata M,Hori Y,Shioda S

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyrethroids are neurotoxic insecticides showing significant selective toxicity on insects over mammals, but effects on mammalian nervous system are not negligible. These substances act on the voltage-gated sodium channel, prolonging the duration of the open state. The present study focused on the effect of the pyrethr...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Varró P,Kovács M,Világi I

更新日期：2017-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The study was designed to conduct human in vivo and in vitro studies on the gastrointestinal absorption of nanoparticles, using titanium dioxide as a model compound, and to compare nanoparticle behaviour with that of larger particles. A supplier's characterisation data may not fully describe a particle formulation. Mo...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Jones K,Morton J,Smith I,Jurkschat K,Harding AH,Evans G

更新日期：2015-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhesus monkeys exposed to marijuana smoke either 7 or 2 days/weeks (HI and LO groups, respectively), or ethanol-extracted marijuana smoke for 7 days/week (EM) or sham treatment (SH) for 1 year were sacrificed 7 months following the last exposure. Pulmonary levels of carcinogen-DNA adducts were determined. Although mea...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Talaska G,Schamer M,Bailey JR,Ali SF,Scallet AC,Slikker W Jr,Paule MG

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity in urine was measured in patients with 'itai-itai' disease, from chronically advanced cadmium poisoning. Elevation of NAG activity, however, was not so marked as that of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) in the urine of patients and suspected patients. We conclude that the...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Nogawa K,Yamada Y,Honda R,Tsuritani I,Ishizaki M,Sakamoto M

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently published studies suggest a weak positive correlation between increased dietary acrylamide intake and the increased risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer. However, risk assessment of acrylamide remains difficult because the carcinogenic mechanisms are still unknown and in particular the molecular effects of ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ehlers A,Lenze D,Broll H,Zagon J,Hummel M,Lampen A

更新日期：2013-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Dichloromethane (DCM) elimination and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) generation were examined in adult female SD rats pretreated with a glutathione (GSH) depletor(s). Rats were treated with either buthionine sulfoximine (BSO; 2 mmol/kg, i.p.), diethylmaleate (DEM; 3 mmol/kg, i.p.), phorone (PHO; 1 mmol/kg, i.p.) or BSO plus...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Oh SJ,Kim SK,Kim YC

更新日期：2002-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this research was to develop a mathematical description of uptake of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons into the stratum corneum of human skin in vivo. A simple description based on Fick's laws of diffusion was used to predict the spatiotemporal variation of naphthalene, 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene, u...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kim D,Farthing MW,Miller CT,Nylander-French LA

更新日期：2008-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Fenitrothion (FNT) is used worldwide in agricultural and public health settings. Spermatogenesis is a toxicological target of FNT under high-dose exposure. Although anti-androgenic action is postulated to be the mechanism associated with this toxicity, few studies have examined histopathology of androgen-dependent mal...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Miyake M,Ito Y,Suzuki H,Tomizawa M,Sato H,Liu M,Okamura A,Nakajima T,Ohtani K,Takino H,Inagaki H,Kamijima M

更新日期：2018-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Skin esterases serve an important pharmacological function as they can be utilised for activation of topically applied ester prodrugs. Understanding the nature of these enzymes, with respect to their role and local activity, is essential to defining the efficacy of ester prodrugs. Minipigs are used as models to study ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Jewell C,Prusakiewicz JJ,Ackermann C,Payne NA,Fate G,Williams FM

更新日期：2007-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand environmental causes of disease, unbiased methods are needed to characterize the human exposome, which represents all toxicants to which people are exposed from both exogenous and endogenous sources. Because they directly modify DNA and important proteins, reactive electrophiles are probably the most imp...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Rappaport SM,Li H,Grigoryan H,Funk WE,Williams ER

更新日期：2012-08-13 00:00:00