Influence of harvest and storage conditions on trichothecenes levels in various cereals.

abstract：:Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major problem in drug development. Although some in vitro methods assessing DILI risk that utilize hepatic cell death or cellular stress as markers have been developed, the predictive ability of these tests is low. In this study, we sought to develop a novel cell-based assay for t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Oda S,Matsuo K,Nakajima A,Yokoi T

更新日期：2016-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the characteristics of hepatic cytochrome P450s and flavin-containing monooxygenase 1 (FMO1) in male Nts:Mini rats, a Wistar/Jcl-derived transgenic rat strain showing less plasma GH concentration than the parental strain. The total hepatic P450 contents of Mini rats were significantly reduced. A suppre...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tani Y,Yamamoto H,Kawaji A,Mizuno H,Fukushige J,Hosokawa T,Doi K

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:New psychoactive substances (NPS) are an increasing problem in clinical and forensic toxicology. The knowledge of their metabolism is important for toxicological risk assessment and for developing toxicological urine screenings. Considering the huge numbers of NPS annually appearing on the market, metabolism studies s...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Richter LHJ,Maurer HH,Meyer MR

更新日期：2017-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of cytochrome P-450 inhibition by alpha-phenyl-alpha-propylbenzeneacetic acid 2-[diethylamino]-ethyl ester hydrochloride (SKF-525A), which inhibits the activity of a number of cytochrome P-450s, on triphenyltin metabolism and toxicity in mice were studied. At 24 h after triphenyltin administration, the tri...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ohhira S,Matsui H,Watanabe K

更新日期：2000-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The industrial solvent dioxane (1,4-diethylene dioxide) was evaluated for teratogenic potential in Sprague-Dawley rats. The compound was administered on days 6-15 of gestation by gavage (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 ml/kg/day). A slight maternal toxicity, as evidenced by reduced weight gain, was observed with 1.0 ml/kg. Anima...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Giavini E,Vismara C,Broccia ML

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lithocholic acid (LCA) supplementation in the diet results in intrahepatic cholestasis and bile infarcts. Previously we showed that an innate immune response is critical for cholestatic liver injury in the bile duct ligated mice. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of neutrophils in the mechani...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Woolbright BL,Li F,Xie Y,Farhood A,Fickert P,Trauner M,Jaeschke H

更新日期：2014-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Welding fumes contain various toxic metals including chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn). An assessment of the risk to health of local and systemic exposure to welding fumes requires the assessment of both external and internal doses. The aims of this study were to test the relevance in small and medium size...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Persoons R,Arnoux D,Monssu T,Culié O,Roche G,Duffaud B,Chalaye D,Maitre A

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of lead exposure have been studied upon the behavioural and diuretic responses to the kappa-opioid receptor agonist U-50488H in neonatal rats. Lead was administered in the maternal drinking water (100, 300 and 1000 ppm) from conception to postnatal day 14. The hyperactivity, wall climbing behaviours and di...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Jackson HC,Kitchen I

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The widespread use of insecticides has amounted to a large scale 'experiment' in natural selection of insects by chemicals of toxicological importance to humans. Specific examples in which the molecular basis of insecticide resistance has been studied in detail are presented here. The biochemical/physiological mechani...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Feyereisen R

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stable and specific biomacromolecular adducts can be used to measure in vivo doses of reactive compounds. An LC/MS-MS method to measure adducts from the benzo[a]pyrene (BP) metabolite (±)-anti-BP-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide ((±)-anti-BPDE) to His(146) in serum albumin (SA), earlier evaluated on in vitro alkylated human SA, ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Westberg EA,Singh R,Hedebrant U,Koukouves G,Souliotis VL,Farmer PB,Segerbäck D,Kyrtopoulos S,Törnqvist MÅ

更新日期：2015-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Troglitazone (Tro) is a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic drug that was withdrawn from the market due to its association with idiosyncratic severe liver injury. Tro has never induced liver injury in experimental animals in vivo. It was assumed that the species differences between human and experimental animals in the pha...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kakuni M,Morita M,Matsuo K,Katoh Y,Nakajima M,Tateno C,Yokoi T

更新日期：2012-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:As a main clinical feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), intermittent hypoxia (IH) induces oxidative stress, leading to damage to a variety of organs, including kidney. Metallothionein (MT) is a potent antioxidant that protects kidney against oxidative damage. Our previous studies demonstrated that MT prevented IH...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wu H,Zhou S,Kong L,Chen J,Feng W,Cai J,Miao L,Tan Y

更新日期：2015-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of vitamin E on cell morphology and cellular protein thiols under oxidative stress was investigated in cultured rat hepatocytes with different vitamin E status. Hepatocytes were incubated in the presence or absence of 100 microM alpha-tocopherol succinate for 24 h then treated with 1.5 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wang ST,Kuo JH,Chou RG,Lii CK

更新日期：1996-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Many xenobiotics and carcinogens are oxidized in vitro by prostaglandin-H synthase (PHS) in the presence of arachidonic acid or lipid peroxides. PHS has been suggested to serve as an alternative metabolic activation enzyme to the cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes, particularly in tissues low in monooxygenase activity. This ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Degen GH

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study attempted the liposomalization of coproporphyrin I (CPI) with hydrophobic properties. Liposomalization of CPI was not successful at any pH when using lactate buffer. In contrast, when using 9% sucrose/10mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.8), CPI liposomes (Lipo-CPI) and polyethyleneglycol (PEG) modified liposomes (P...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sadzuka Y,Iwasaki F,Sugiyama I,Horiuchi K,Hirano T,Ozawa H,Kanayama N,Oku N

更新日期：2008-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:To elucidate relevance of estrogens to immune responses, we investigated whether estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) exists in mouse splenic B cells and T cells and the effect of 17beta-estradiol and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on lymphocyte mitogenesis. ERalpha was identified in both male and female mouse spl...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sakazaki H,Ueno H,Nakamuro K

更新日期：2002-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The chronic toxic effects of chromium (2.6 mg/1) on the carbohydrate metabolism of a teleost fish, Channa punctatus were examined after 60 and 120 days of exposure. After 60 days the lactic acid content of blood and muscles was increased but liver lactic acid content decreased. Liver glycogen was also depleted. The ac...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sastry KV,Sunita K

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Generally recognized as safe (GRAS), a system for review and approval of ingredients for addition to food, was conceived at a time when the need for a less doctrinaire review of food ingredients was critical. The GRAS approval process for a food ingredient relies on the judgment of "...experts qualified by scientific ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Burdock GA,Carabin IG

更新日期：2004-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Human epidermal keratinocytes which have been cultured were treated with the heavy metal ions of cadmium, mercury, copper and zinc. Cytotoxicity was measured either by protein estimation or by using the neutral red assay. Antioxidants were added in order to find out whether heavy metal-induced cytotoxicity is related ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kappus H,Reinhold C

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:20 non-smokers on a defined diet low in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in an unventilated room for 8 h. The urinary mutagenicity in the 24-h urine samples as tested with the Salmonella (TA98) microsome assay did not significantly increase after exposure to eith...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Scherer G,Westphal K,Biber A,Hoepfner I,Adlkofer F

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since a number of food and food products contain 2,4-hexadienal (HX), an unsaturated aldehyde, human exposure to HX is likely. Long term HX feeding to rodents induces forestomach cancers. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) are key enzymes in the stomach for the metabolism of aldehydes. We examined the effect of short term...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lee PC,Picchiottino C

更新日期：2003-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The plastic chemical bisphenol A (BPA) has recently been suspected to be a base structure of endocrine disrupting chemicals, which achieve their adverse effects by interfering with human nuclear receptors. For instance, BPA, bisphenol AF, and tetrabromo- or tetrachloro-BPA (X₄-BPA) have been characterized as binders f...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Nishigori M,Nose T,Shimohigashi Y

更新日期：2012-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) has a salutary effect on hemorrhagic, traumatic and endotoxic shock. The role of FDP on compound 48/80-induced shock was therefore investigated. Sprague Dawley aged male rats (448+/-7.4 gm body weight) were randomly assigned into three groups and treated intraperitoneally with diphenhydr...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Figueroa AH,Stone RH,Cohly HH,Lehan PH,Markov AK

更新日期：2001-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Sertoli cells play a pivotal role in supporting proliferation of germ cells and differentiation during spermatogenesis in mammals. Nanomolar concentrations of Bisphenol A (BPA) can significantly stimulate the proliferation of mouse immature Sertoli (TM4) cells. However, mechanisms by which BPA caused these effects wer...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ge LC,Chen ZJ,Liu HY,Zhang KS,Liu H,Huang HB,Zhang G,Wong CK,Giesy JP,Du J,Wang HS

更新日期：2014-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Fatty acid composition was studied in milk at day 14 and in liver at day 24 after parturition of lactating rats exposed to 0 ppm, 5 ppm or 25 ppm cadmium (Cd) via drinking water for 17 days during lactation, and in the brain of their offspring at day 19 after birth. In the liver phospholipid fraction, 22:5(n-3) was si...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Grawé KP,Pickova J,Dutta PC,Oskarsson A

更新日期：2004-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Male mice (Q strain) received a single i.p. injection of 14 organophosphorus compounds, including 11 insecticides, administered on separate occasions. After a recovery period of 10 to 15 days, the cytogenic effects were analyzed in primary spermatocytes at diakinesis-metaphase I corresponding to the treatment of A4-B ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Degraeve N,Chollet MC,Moutschen J

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of sodium selenite administered acutely or repeatedly on the biochemical components of the hepatic microsomal monooxygenase enzyme system was examined in male rats. 72 h following acute administration of selenium (2.4 mg Se/kg, i.p.), there was a significant decrease in ethylmorphine-N-demethylase activity ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Schnell RC,Early JL,Deimling MJ,Merrick BA,Davies MH

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lethal effects of d-amphetamine and phencyclidine (PCP) were compared when adult male mice were placed into isolated or aggregated (12 mice/cage) conditions. The LD50 of d-amphetamine decreased approx. 30-fold between isolated (87.9 mg/kg) and aggregated (2.8 mg/kg) conditions. In contrast, PCP showed only a 1.3-f...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Landauer MR,Balster RL

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oltipraz (OPZ) is a known inducer of glutathione S-transferases and a mechanism-based inhibitor of cytochrome P450 1A2. Given the detoxification characteristics of this compound, the transcriptional effects of OPZ, along with the related naturally occurring compounds 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (D3T) and sulforaphane (SF...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Konwinski RR,Haddad R,Chun JA,Klenow S,Larson SC,Haab BB,Furge LL

更新日期：2004-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Behavioral toxicology is an emerging field which is becoming increasingly important in risk assessment of exposure to neurotoxic substances, due to the high sensitivity of behavior towards neurotoxic action and the integration in behavioral functions of several underlying processes and neurofunctions, such as motor, s...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lucchini R,Albini E,Placidi D,Alessio L

更新日期：2000-03-15 00:00:00