Abstract:
:Glutamine synthetase (GS) is the major glutamine-forming enzyme of vertebrates and is accepted to be a marker of astroglial cells. Maturation of astroglial cells is characterized by an increase of GS activity, and the regulation of this enzyme is the topic of many publications. Because of the fundamental role of the GS in controlling brain glutamate and glutamine level, it is essential to understand the mechanism of expression of this enzyme. To our knowledge, the effect of estrogen (17beta-estradiol) on GS activity in glial cells has not been reported. We examined the effect of treatment with estrogen on glutamine synthetase enzyme activity in glial cells. C6-glioma cells in later passage have many astrocytic characteristics and provided a convenient and well-established model system. We adapted a colorimetric method to measure GS-catalyzed gamma-glutamyltransferase (GT) activity in C6-glioma cells. The assay monitors GT activity of glutamine synthetase by following the absorbance of the product gamma-glutamyl hydroxamate at 540 nm. We observed that, the absorbance of gamma-glutamyl hydroxamate significantly increased in estrogen treated cells (0.13 +/- 0.03), as compared to untreated cells (0.058 +/- 0.015). Estrogen also significantly increased concentration of glutamine in C6-glioma cells as measured by fluorometric assay. In addition, western blot analysis showed that estrogen significantly increased the amount of glutamine synthetase compared to control. This estrogen effect could have important physiological implications on cerebral glutamate and glutamine metabolism.
journal_name
Neurochem Resjournal_title
Neurochemical researchauthors
Haghighat Ndoi
10.1007/s11064-005-2754-5keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-05-01 00:00:00pages
661-7issue
5eissn
0364-3190issn
1573-6903journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Recent evidence indicates that mechanisms involved in reward and mechanisms involved in learning interact, in that reward includes learning processes and learning includes reward processes. In spite of such interactions, reward and learning represent distinct functions. In the present study, as part of an examination ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-007-9343-8
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Direct evidence for the excitotoxicity of 3-N-oxalyl-L-alpha,beta-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP), the Lathyrus sativus neurotoxin has been studied by examining the binding of chemically synthesized [2,3 3H]ODAP ([3H]ODAP) to synaptic membranes. [3H]ODAP binding to membranes was mostly nonspecific, with only a very low s...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1020782119057
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The long-acting opiate antagonist naltrexone hydrochloride was administered by intraperitoneal injection, in a dose response protocol, to adult rats. The drug was used to observe effects of opiate receptor blockade on cells of the pituitary gland and adjacent hypothalamus. At higher drug doses (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg), n...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00964168
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of neural membranes from rat cerebral cortex with phospholipase C (phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphohydrolase) inhibited the binding of radiolabelled antagonists to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. This inhibition was incomplete, was not competitive, and did not appear to be related to the production of ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00964517
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurovascular injury comprises a wide spectrum of pathophysiology that underlies the progression of brain injury after cerebral ischemia. Recently, it has been shown that activation of the integrin-associated protein CD47 mediates the development of blood-brain barrier injury and edema after cerebral ischemia. However...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-010-0159-6
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adaptation of cells to hyperosmotic conditions involves accumulation of organic osmolytes to achieve osmotic equilibrium and maintenance of cell volume. The Na+ and Cl(-)-coupled betaine/GABA transporter, designated BGT-1, is responsible for the cellular accumulation of betaine and has been proposed to play a role...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-005-6879-3
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ion channels are targets of various antiepileptic drugs. In cerebral presynaptic nerve endings Na(+) and Ca(2+) channels are particularly abundant, as they control neurotransmitter release, including the release of glutamate (Glu), the most concentrated excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter in the brain. Several pre-...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-015-1749-0
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trans-caryophyllene (TC), a component of essential oil found in many flowering plants, has shown its neuroprotective effects in various neurological disorders. However, the effects of TC on epilepsy haven't been reported before. In this study, we investigated the effect of TC on kainic acid-induced seizure activity ca...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-014-1474-0
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Somatostatin contents of striatum, hippocampus, and pons medulla have been followed in two inbred strains of mice (C57B1/6J and Balb/cJ) with aging and long term alcohol exposure (over a 25 month period of intoxication). Marked strain dependent differences in basic levels of somatostatin and genotypic variations in re...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00965332
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zinc (Zn2+) was shown to invariably inhibit muscimol-stimulated 36Cl- uptake by synaptoneurosomes in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum. The Zn2+ sensitivity of the GABAA receptor-gated 36Cl- uptake in the cerebral cortex was comparable to that in the hippocampus, whereas the uptake in the cerebellum was ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02532346
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The spelling of the author Tommaso Ianniti was incorrect and has been corrected as Tommaso Iannitti. The original article has been corrected. ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s11064-018-2468-0
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP) produces organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN) in sensitive species. We have investigated the in vivo and in vitro effects of DFP on hen brain tubulin polymerization. Hens were treated with a single dose of DFP (1.7 mg/kg, sc.), and were sacrificed after 18-...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00967321
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that angiotensin II (Ang II) stimulates astrocyte growth through activation of ERK1/2 mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinases. In the current study, we determined whether Ang II stimulates the expression of c-fos, c-jun and c-myc in brainstem astrocyte cultures. Reverse transcriptase-PCR analy...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-007-9474-y
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vanilloid receptor 1(VR1) is a nonselective cation channel that is activated by pungent vanilloid compound, extracellular protons, or noxious heat. mRNA of VR1 and vanilloid receptor 1-like receptor (VRL1) were expressed in PC12 cells, and only VRI mRNA was detected in glioma and A10 cell lines. VRI protein was de...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/b:nere.0000018839.59457.5c
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brofaromine, a selective and reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) was given to 19 women while 17 received placebo for 8 weeks. All met DSM III-R criteria for bulimia nervosa, a psychiatric disorder in which uncontrolled overeating episodes are accompanied by purging activities and extreme concerns about...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00975048
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1) was purified 746-fold with a 21% recovery from bovine brain by autolysis, fractional precipitation with acetone, carboxy-methyl-Sephadex chromatography, affinity chromatography on a cystamine containing column and gel filtration chromatography. The purified cathepsin B eluted on gel filtratio...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00965209
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glioblastoma is one of the most frequent and aggressive primary tumor of glial brain tumors. Long non-coding RNA Prostate cancer-associated ncRNA transcript 6 (PCAT6) has been identified to influence the progression of many cancers, but its expression and functions in glioblastoma remain unclear. In this study, we int...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-020-03138-4
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of the calcium channel blocker (KB-2796) on metabolic and functional recovery in rabbit spinal cord after 20, 30, and 40 min ischemia and 4 days of recovery was investigated. The drug was given intraperitoneally in three different doses, 10, 20, or 50 mg/kg pre- or post-ischemia of 20, 30, or 40 min duratio...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00968997
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric oxide has been strongly implicated in the development of tissue infarction in response to focal cerebral ischemia. Nitric oxide and its derivatives can inhibit components of the electron transport chain, providing a likely target for these substances in ischemic and post-ischemic brain. Lactate content is incre...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-006-9160-5
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we show that caveolin-1 is abundantly present in a cell line of immortalized gonadotropin-releasing hormone-expressing neurons (GN11). In contrast to GN11, caveolin is undetectable in a cognate cell line of immortalized gonadotropin-releasing hormone-secreting neurons (GT1-7). These two cell lines are c...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1020217309987
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An efficient exchange of lactate between different cell types (such as astrocytes and neurones) would require that lactate transporters are expressed in contiguous parts of the respective plasma membranes. To settle this issue we explored the subcellular expression pattern of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) by use...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1014806723147
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress on the delayed-rectifier current (IK(DR)), neuronal physiological and morphological properties. Measurements were obtained from hippocampal CA1 neurons in control solution and from the same neurons after exposure to oxidative stress (short- and long-term...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-007-9287-z
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary auditory cortex is subject to the modulation of numerous neurotransmitters including norepinephrine (NE), which has been shown to decrease cellular excitability by yet unclear mechanisms. We investigated the possibility that NE directly affects excitatory glutamatergic synapses. We found that bath applicat...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-009-9966-z
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipid synthesis from acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate was studied in chick embryo from 15 to 21 days and in chick neonate from 1 to 21 days. Embryonic spinal cord showed higher ability than brain to incorporate acetoacetate into total lipids, although a sharp decrease was found at hatching. 3-Hydroxybutyrate incorpo...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00966692
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::During neural activity, neurotransmitters released at synapses reach neighbouring cells, such as astrocytes. These get excited via numerous mechanisms, including the G protein coupled receptors that regulate the cytosolic concentration of second messengers, such as Ca(2+) and cAMP. The stimulation of these pathways le...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11064-015-1545-x
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endogenous and xenobiotic sulphur-containing convulsant and non-convulsant compounds containing structural moieties of, or bearing a structural resemblance to, GABA and homocysteine were tested in binding studies for their potency in displacing the GABA-mimetic [3H]muscimol from specific, high-affinity sites (Kd = 3.6...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00971006
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frontal cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum of the Fischer 344 rat were examined for an age-dependent change in neuronal and non-neuronal binding. Clonazepam and Ro5-6669 displaceable [3H]diazepam binding were used as indicators of [3H]diazepam binding on neuronal and non-neuronal membranes, respectively. In both ...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00964927
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The exposure to hypobaric hypoxia increased lipid peroxidation as indicated by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances [TBARS] in rat brain. Plasma lactate/pyruvate ratio was used as a marker of hypoxia. We compared the protective effect of alpha-tocopherol with the effect of L-carnitine or phosphocreatine. Rats pretr...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1020339530924
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The central control of growth hormone (GH) secretion from the pituitary gland is ultimately achieved by the interaction between two hypothalamic neurohormones, somatostatin which inhibits and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) which stimulates GH release. The regulation of the somatostatin and GHRH release from t...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11064-005-9017-3
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tau is a protein involved in regulation of microtubule stability, axonal differentiation and transport. Alteration of retrograde transport may lead to motor neuron degeneration. Thus alternative mRNA splicing and expression of tau isoforms were studied in a transgenic mouse model harboring the human SOD1 G93A mutation...
journal_title:Neurochemical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11064-006-9057-3
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00