Origin and differentiation of dendritic cells.

abstract：:Evolutionarily, how RAG endonucleases in vertebrate immune systems could shed dangerous transposon-like propensities, and instead, support the organized assembly of antigen receptor variable domains, has been unclear. Recent structural work by Schatz and colleagues (Nature, 2019) identifies features of the RAG endonuc...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Lieber MR

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How innate immunity gave rise to adaptive immunity in vertebrates remains unknown. We propose an evolutionary scenario beginning with pathogen-associated molecular pattern(s) (PAMPs) being presented by molecule(s) on one cell to specific receptor(s) on other cells, much like MHC molecules and T cell receptors (TCRs). ...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Tsakou-Ngouafo L,Paganini J,Kaufman J,Pontarotti P

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent epidemiological studies have shown that, in addition to disease-specific effects, vaccines against infectious diseases have nonspecific effects on the ability of the immune system to handle other pathogens. For instance, in randomized trials tuberculosis and measles vaccines are associated with a substantial re...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Benn CS,Netea MG,Selin LK,Aaby P

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Candida species are major causes of infections affecting either body surfaces or the deep tissues. Candida is a complex pathogen and the immune system uses various cells, cell surface receptors and signalling pathways to trigger an efficient host defence. Host-Candida interaction can result either in rapid elimination...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Netea MG,Maródi L

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The F4/80 monoclonal antibody has been used widely as a marker for mouse macrophages. The antigen (Ag) recognized by the antibody has been characterized as a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-transmembrane 7 (TM7) family, although the function of the molecule has remained elusive. A recent study provides evi...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： van den Berg TK,Kraal G

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms accounting for the protective role of endogenous interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) in certain murine autoimmune disease models, versus a disease-promoting role in others, have remained elusive. The protective effect of IFN-gamma might be unique to models that rely on the use of complete Freund's adjuvant (CF...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Matthys P,Vermeire K,Billiau A

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The typical functions of antibodies are based on linking the process of antigen recognition with initiation of innate immune reactions. With the introduction of modern research technologies and the use of sophisticated model systems, recent years have witnessed the discovery of a number of noncanonical functions of an...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Dimitrov JD,Lacroix-Desmazes S

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inducing sustained, robust CD8(+) T cell responses is necessary for therapeutic intervention in chronic infectious diseases and cancer. Unfortunately, most adjuvant formulations fail to induce substantial cellular immunity in humans. Attenuated acute infectious agents induce strong CD8(+) T cell immunity, and are thou...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Pennock ND,Kedl JD,Kedl RM

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glioblastoma is an aggressive and incurable primary brain tumor. While the blockade of immune checkpoints leads to reversal of T cell exhaustion in many cancers, the efficacy of this therapy in glioblastoma requires further consideration of the brain microenvironment beyond T cell activity. Neural cells are crucially ...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Mirzaei R,Sarkar S,Yong VW

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells (DCs) have been classified into distinct subsets based on phenotype and ontogeny. In the past few years, high throughput single-cell approaches have revealed further heterogeneity of human DCs, in particular at the transcriptomic level. Herein examined, are recent studies describing new human DC popula...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Villar J,Segura E

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immuno-gene therapy can be advantageously performed with nonviral approaches. Genes that encode regulatory cytokines or inflammatory cytokine inhibitors can be delivered intramuscularly and expressed for weeks or months. This type of gene transfer into muscle has been shown to ameliorate several autoimmune diseases an...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Prud'homme GJ,Lawson BR,Chang Y,Theofilopoulos AN

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro-generated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) initially attracted interest for their ability to undergo differentiation toward cells of different lineages. More recently, a major breakthrough was the discovery that MSCs exert a profound inhibitory effect on T cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Subsequently, M...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Uccelli A,Pistoia V,Moretta L

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in the understanding of medullary thymic epithelial cell biology, and especially of their promiscuous gene expression, have highlighted the indispensable role of thymic medulla in shaping a self-tolerant T-cell repertoire. Additionally, our recent results have shown that cortical thymic epithelial cell...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Takahama Y,Tanaka K,Murata S

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunology in recent years has taken a somewhat surprising turn, expressed by a renewed interest in innate immunity. Especially intriguing is the regulatory role exerted by the innate components on the adaptive response, with Toll receptors and complement components being the most investigated. This function has been ...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Clemenza L,Dieli F,Cicardi M,Salerno A

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many diseases have an inflammatory component, where neutrophil interactions with the vascular endothelium lead to barrier dysfunction and increased permeability. Neutrophils increase permeability through secreted products such as the chemokines CXCL1, 2, 3, and 8, through adhesion-dependent processes involving beta(2)...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： DiStasi MR,Ley K

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tetramethylpentadecane (TMPD, or commonly known as pristane)-induced lupus is a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Renal disease and autoantibody production strictly depend on signaling through the interferon (IFN)-I receptor. The major source of IFN-I is immature monocytes bearing high levels of the ...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Reeves WH,Lee PY,Weinstein JS,Satoh M,Lu L

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two recent crystal structures of membrane attack complex/perforin (MACPF) domains found in the complement and perforin families unexpectedly reveal that some proteins of the immune system share a common core fold with their bacterial targets. Although a relationship between MACPF proteins and the previously characteri...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Lukoyanova N,Saibil HR

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) induces a chronic generalized activation of the immune system, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AIDS. This ability of the virus might either be an evolved (adaptive) trait or a coincidental side effect of jumping to a new host species. We argue that selection favo...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Bartha I,Simon P,Müller V

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antigen cross-presentation describes the process through which dendritic cells (DCs) acquire exogenous antigens for presentation on MHC class I molecules. The ability to cross-present has been thought of as a feature of specialized DC subsets. Emerging data, however, suggest that the cross-presenting ability of each D...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Nierkens S,Tel J,Janssen E,Adema GJ

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The introduction of combined antiretroviral therapies (HAART) has reversed the fatal course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. HAART controls virus production and, in most cases, allows the quantitative and functional immune defects caused by HIV to be reversed. Here, we review T cell homeostatic mechani...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Guihot A,Bourgarit A,Carcelain G,Autran B

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During an immune response, peripheral T-cell populations expand and then contract as the response subsides, thus maintaining a fairly constant number of CD4 and CD8 T cells throughout the life of the individual. The important factors that control this homeostasis are now beginning to be understood. Interleukin-7 (IL-7...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Bradley LM,Haynes L,Swain SL

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulated secretion of cellular proteins is central to the correct function of many cell types, including immune cells. Lymphocyte control of the storage, transport and exocytosis of immunomodulatory molecules is a highly specialised task triggered by T cell receptor engagement. The regulated secretory pathway in ...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Jolly C,Sattentau QJ

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-deletional tolerance resulting in the generation of regulatory T cells within the thymus is a key mechanism for the establishment of immunological self-tolerance. How the high-affinity self-reactive regulatory T cells escape negative selection and what type of antigen-presenting cells positively select them within...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Liu YJ

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human immune system comprises cellular and molecular components designed to coordinately prevent infection while avoiding potentially harmful inflammation and autoimmunity. Immunity varies with age, reflecting unique age-dependent challenges including fetal gestation, the neonatal phase, and infancy. Here, we revi...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Dowling DJ,Levy O

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immune suppression by T(reg) cells must be overcome to mount robust and effective anti-pathogen immune responses. A new paper in Immunity from Medzhitov and colleagues shows that IL-1-dependent activation of MyD88 promotes the development of Th1 cells by rendering them impervious to T(reg) cell-mediated inhibition. ...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Campbell DJ

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The vascular endothelium plays a central role in the recruitment and migration of circulating effector cells into sites of inflammation and immune responses. The unique CX(3)C-chemokine, fractalkine, is expressed on activated endothelial cells, and its receptor, CX(3)CR1, is expressed on natural killer cells, monocyte...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Umehara H,Bloom E,Okazaki T,Domae N,Imai T

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent progress in cancer immunotherapy highlights the power of the immune system to control tumors, although a small patient subset responds to current immunotherapies. Additional approaches to mobilize antitumor immunity are required to overcome primary and acquired resistance to immunotherapy such as immune checkpo...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Kim HJ,Cantor H,Cosmopoulos K

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lung capillaries, best known for vital gas exchange, also contribute to neutrophil margination, a phenomenon resulting in large numbers of pulmonary vascular neutrophils. Importantly, the functional relevance of neutrophil margination is unknown. Recent advances in microscopy have altered our understanding of why neut...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Granton E,Kim JH,Podstawka J,Yipp BG

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oral tolerance is a well-characterized phenomenon in animals and is highly effective when induced as a treatment for experimental autoimmune disease. However, its use as a therapeutic modality for the treatment of autoimmune disease in humans has been disappointing. Much of the rationale for its use in humans is based...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： MacDonald TT,Monteleone G

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genomic-scale gene expression profiling can reveal cellular physiology with unprecedented richness. This technology is being used to define the gene expression targets of individual regulatory proteins and signaling pathways. Comprehensive databases of gene expression measurements can be used to understand the patholo...

journal_title：Trends in immunology

authors： Staudt LM

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00