Abstract:
:Arenaviruses, such as Lassa fever, establish chronic infections in rodents, leading to incidental transmission to humans. Lassa fever is a clinically severe disease, yet the absence of second attacks implies life-long immunity. The aim of this review is to consider whether such immunity could be provided by vaccines. The South American arenaviruses are controlled by neutralising antibody and a clinical trial of live, attenuated vaccine for Argentinian haemorrhagic fever provided 84% protection. In contrast, there is no evidence for protective humoral immunity against Old World arenaviruses which are controlled by cell-mediated immune responses. Nevertheless, vaccination with Lassa glycoproteins can protect monkeys from disease, implying that protection may be achievable, even though the immunological mechanisms are distinct. Recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing various forms of Lassa glycoproteins can protect both guinea-pigs and primates, while additional protective responses can be mounted against nucleocapsid genes. However, vaccines based upon vaccinia constructs are no longer tenable for African populations with a high seroprevalence of HIV infection. The scientific challenge now remains to find alternative methods of delivering T-cell immunity against glycoproteins from Lassa virus in ways which can overcome the local economic and political hurdles to vaccine development.
journal_name
Rev Med Viroljournal_title
Reviews in medical virologyauthors
Fisher-Hoch SP,McCormick JBdoi
10.1002/rmv.329keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-09-01 00:00:00pages
331-41issue
5eissn
1052-9276issn
1099-1654pii
10.1002/rmv.329journal_volume
11pub_type
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abstract::Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the causative agents of hepatocellular carcinoma. The molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis are complex. One of the host factors involved is apparently the long-lasting inflammatory reaction which accompanies chronic HBV infection. Although HBV lacks a typical viral oncogene, the HBx ...
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doi:10.1002/rmv.1831
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journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1654(199901/03)9:1<31::aid-rmv2
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journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2020-12-31 00:00:00
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更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00