The Wnt pathway: a key network in cell signalling dysregulated by viruses.

abstract：:The common mucosal immune system (CMIS) consists of an integrated cross-communication pathway of lymphoid tissues made up of inductive and effector sites for host protection against pathogenic microorganisms. Major effector molecules of the CMIS include IgA antibodies and cytokines, chemokines and their corresponding ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Iijima H,Takahashi I,Kiyono H

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tat (transactivator of transcription) regulates transcription from the HIV provirus. It plays a crucial role in disease progression, supporting efficient replication of the viral genome. Tat also modulates many functions in the host genome via its interaction with chromatin and proteins. Many of the functions of Tat a...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Kurnaeva MA,Sheval EV,Musinova YR,Vassetzky YS

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The collection of nasopharyngeal swabs to test for the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an invasive technique with implications for patients and clinicians. Alternative clinical specimens from the upper respiratory tract may offer benefits in terms of collection, comfort and ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Comber L,Walsh KA,Jordan K,O'Brien KK,Clyne B,Teljeur C,Drummond L,Carty PG,De Gascun CF,Smith SM,Harrington P,Ryan M,O'Neill M

更新日期：2020-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Respiratory infections, especially those of the lower respiratory tract, remain a foremost cause of mortality and morbidity of children greater than 5 years in developing countries including Pakistan. Ignoring these acute-level infections may lead to complications. Particularly in Pakistan, respiratory infections acco...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Naz R,Gul A,Javed U,Urooj A,Amin S,Fatima Z

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) caused by the mosquito-transmitted chikungunya virus (CHIKV) swept into international prominence from late 2005 as an epidemic of CHIKF spread around countries surrounding the Indian Ocean. Although significant advances have been made in understanding the pathobiology of CHIKF, numerous quest...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Smith DR

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The advent of advanced cell culture and cytogenetics techniques in the 1950s opened a new avenue for research on the pathogenic interactions between animal viruses and their hosts. Studies of many viruses revealed their ability to nonspecifically induce cytogenetic damage to their host cell's chromosomes. However, onl...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Fortunato EA,Spector DH

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the causative agents of hepatocellular carcinoma. The molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis are complex. One of the host factors involved is apparently the long-lasting inflammatory reaction which accompanies chronic HBV infection. Although HBV lacks a typical viral oncogene, the HBx ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Niller HH,Ay E,Banati F,Demcsák A,Takacs M,Minarovits J

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a devastating and often fatal demyelinating disease of the central nervous system for which effective therapies are lacking. It is caused by the replication of polyomavirus JC (JCV) in the oligodendrocytes and astrocytes leading to their cytolytic death and loss of m...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： White MK,Sariyer IK,Gordon J,Delbue S,Pietropaolo V,Berger JR,Khalili K

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is among the most common human pathogens worldwide. Its entry into host cells is an intricate process that relies heavily on the ability of the viral glycoproteins to bind host cellular proteins and to efficiently mediate fusion of the virus envelope with the cell membrane. Acquisit...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Antoine TE,Park PJ,Shukla D

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The success of vaccination against measles in developed countries has significantly reduced the incidence of measles-related morbidity and mortality. However, measles is still the leading cause of mortality in children from underdeveloped countries due to low vaccination coverage, high transmissibility of the measles ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Dhiman N,Jacobson RM,Poland GA

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The orf virus (ORFV) is a zoonotic, epitheliotropic, DNA parapoxvirus that infects principally sheep and goats. Exposure of animals to the virus or immunization by an ORFV preparation can accentuate the severity of disease, which has provoked an interest in the underlying cellular, virological, and molecular mechanism...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Wang R,Wang Y,Liu F,Luo S

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The serine/threonine kinase expressed by human cytomegalovirus from gene UL97 phosphorylates the antiviral drug ganciclovir, but its biological function is the phosphorylation of its natural viral and cellular protein substrates which affect viral replication at many levels. The UL97 kinase null phenotype is therefore...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Prichard MN

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a growing appreciation that the regulation of the melatonergic pathways, both pineal and systemic, may be an important aspect in how viruses drive the cellular changes that underpin their control of cellular function. We review the melatonergic pathway role in viral infections, emphasizing influenza and covid...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Anderson G,Reiter RJ

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the CNS is in part protected from peripheral insults by the blood-brain barrier and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, a number of human viruses gain access to the brain, replicate within this organ, or sustain latent infection. The efficacy of antiviral drugs towards the cerebral viral load is often limi...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Strazielle N,Ghersi-Egea JF

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arenaviruses, such as Lassa fever, establish chronic infections in rodents, leading to incidental transmission to humans. Lassa fever is a clinically severe disease, yet the absence of second attacks implies life-long immunity. The aim of this review is to consider whether such immunity could be provided by vaccines. ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Fisher-Hoch SP,McCormick JB

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viral binding and entry into host cells for various viruses have been studied extensively, yielding a detailed understanding of the overall viral entry process. As cell entry is an essential and requisite process by which a virus initiates infection, it is an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. The advanta...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Kumar PKR

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type B coxsackieviruses (CV-B) frequently infect the central nervous system (CNS) causing neurological diseases notably meningitis and encephalitis. These infections occur principally among newborns and children. Epidemiological studies of patients with nervous system disorders demonstrate the presence of infectious v...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Jmii H,Fisson S,Aouni M,Jaidane H

更新日期：2020-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (Covid-19) public health emergency has caused enormous loss around the world. This pandemic is a concrete example of the existing gap between availability of advanced diagnostics and current need for cost-effective methodology. The advent of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Chaouch M

更新日期：2021-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Drugs based on amino acid sequence of Heptad Repeats of gp41 of HIV have been explored in search of anti-HIV drugs acting by inhibition of the gp41 6-helix formation and subsequent cellular infection. These are classified under a distinct discipline called HIV fusion inhibitors. Resistance to HIV fusion inhibitors and...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Qadir MI,Malik SA

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mosquito-borne flavivirus, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), is the leading cause of virus-induced encephalitis globally and a major public health concern of several countries in Southeast Asia, with the potential to become a global pathogen. The virus is neurotropic, and the disease ranges from mild fever to sev...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Nain M,Abdin MZ,Kalia M,Vrati S

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood-borne viruses, such as hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and the facultative blood-borne hepatitis E virus, are considered a major public health problem given that they are accountable for millions of deaths each year. Treatment options, including effective vaccine design, devel...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Pfaender S,von Hahn T,Steinmann J,Ciesek S,Steinmann E

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TT virus (TTV) was found in 1997 from a hepatitis patient without virus markers. However, the real impact of TTV on liver diseases remains uncertain to date. Due to the lack of suitable cell systems to support the growth of TTV, the biology of TTV is still obscure. This review tries to summarise the current status of ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Hino S

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well known that viruses, as obligate intracellular parasites, must use their hosts' metabolic machinery in order to replicate their genomes and form infectious progeny virions. What is less well known are the details of how viruses make sure that once all the necessary proteins are made, that they assume the cor...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Byrd CM,Hruby DE

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccination is the current strategy for control and prevention of severe rotavirus infections, a major cause of acute, dehydrating diarrhoea in young children worldwide. Public health interventions aimed at improving water, food and sanitation are unlikely adequately to control the disease. The development of vaccines...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Fischer TK,Gentsch JR

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The viruses able to affect the eye are taxonomically diverse, ranging from double-stranded DNA viruses, to single stranded RNA viruses, to retroviruses. Any part of the eye may be affected, frequently producing blepharitis, conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis, cataract and retinitis. The more common ocular viral infect...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Newman H,Gooding C

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human herpesvirus 7, reported in 1990 is a lymphotropic member of the betaherpesvirus subfamily of herpesviruses. The virus is highly seroprevalent, primary infection usually occurs during childhood, and it has been associated with cases of exanthem subitum, pityriasis rosea, neurological manifestations and transplant...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Black JB,Pellett PE

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:BK polyomavirus (BKPyV or BKV) is a non-enveloped, circular double-stranded DNA virus that may exceed 80% seroprevalence in adults. BKV infection typically occurs during childhood, and the majority of adults are latently infected. While BKV infection is rarely associated with clinical disease in most individuals, in i...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Blackard JT,Davies SM,Laskin BL

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Failure of antiretroviral therapy to eradicate HIV, even in individuals who suppress the virus to undetectable levels, is a consequence of persistent infection in latently infected cells and within anatomical reservoirs. Support for the notion that the lungs are distinct anatomical reservoirs of HIV comes from a spect...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Costiniuk CT,Jenabian MA

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Of all the nutrients, vitamin A has been the most extensively evaluated for its impact on immunity. There are three main forms of vitamin A, retinol, retinal and retinoic acid (RA) with the latter being most biologically active and all-trans-RA (ATRA) its main derivative. Vitamin A is a key regulator of the functions ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Midha IK,Kumar N,Kumar A,Madan T

更新日期：2020-12-31 00:00:00

abstract：:While outbreaks of foodborne disease remain an important public health concern, their aetiology is not identified in a majority of instances. In targeted studies, the application of newly developed molecular assays has demonstrated that a large proportion of these outbreaks may be caused by the "Norwalk-like viruses" ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Parashar UD,Monroe SS

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00