Abstract:
:Viral binding and entry into host cells for various viruses have been studied extensively, yielding a detailed understanding of the overall viral entry process. As cell entry is an essential and requisite process by which a virus initiates infection, it is an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. The advantages of targeting viral entry are an extracellular target site, relatively easy access for biological interventions, and lower toxicity. Several cell-based strategies and biophysical techniques have been used to screen compounds that block viral entry. These studies led to the discovery of inhibitors against HIV, HCV, influenza, Ebola, and RSV. In recent years, several compounds screened by fragment-based drug discovery have been approved as drugs or are in the final stages of clinical trials. Among fragment screening technologies, surface plasmon resonance has been widely used because it provides accurate information on binding kinetics, allows real-time monitoring of ligand-drug interactions, requires very small sample amounts to perform analyses, and requires no modifications to or labeling of ligands. This review focuses on surface plasmon resonance-based schemes for screening viral entry inhibitors.
journal_name
Rev Med Viroljournal_title
Reviews in medical virologyauthors
Kumar PKRdoi
10.1002/rmv.1952subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-11-01 00:00:00issue
6eissn
1052-9276issn
1099-1654journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Despite broad variability in study populations, methodologies for CMV detection, and analytic methods used, multiple studies have documented frequent CMV infection in non-immunocompromised adults with critical illness due to a variety of causes. Higher rates of CMV infection in studies of seropositive patients suggest...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.664
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteriophages or phages, being the most abundant entities on earth, represent a potential solution to a diverse range of problems. Phages are successful antibacterial agents whose use in therapeutics was hindered by the discovery of antibiotics. Eventually, because of the development and spread of antibiotic resistan...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.2041
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) or haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare disease caused by a dysfunction of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells. This T cell/NK cell dysregulation causes an aberrant cytokine release, resulting in proliferation/activation of histiocytes with subsequent haemophagocytosis. Histioc...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.638
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasion of infectious agents through mucosal surfaces can be prevented by use of the common mucosal immune system (CMIS), which interconnects inductive tissues, including Peyer's patches (PPs) and nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoreticular tissue (NALT), and effector tissues of the intestinal and respiratory tracts. I...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.398
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a growing appreciation that the regulation of the melatonergic pathways, both pineal and systemic, may be an important aspect in how viruses drive the cellular changes that underpin their control of cellular function. We review the melatonergic pathway role in viral infections, emphasizing influenza and covid...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.2109
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of all the nutrients, vitamin A has been the most extensively evaluated for its impact on immunity. There are three main forms of vitamin A, retinol, retinal and retinoic acid (RA) with the latter being most biologically active and all-trans-RA (ATRA) its main derivative. Vitamin A is a key regulator of the functions ...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.2204
更新日期:2020-12-31 00:00:00
abstract::BK polyomavirus (BKPyV or BKV) is a non-enveloped, circular double-stranded DNA virus that may exceed 80% seroprevalence in adults. BKV infection typically occurs during childhood, and the majority of adults are latently infected. While BKV infection is rarely associated with clinical disease in most individuals, in i...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.2102
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::After the serendipitous discovery of HIV eradication in the "Berlin patient", interest has grown in curing HIV infection by replacing the patient's replication-competent blood cells with infection-resistant ones. At the same time, induced pluripotent stem cell technologies and genetic engineering have boosted cell the...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.1831
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human herpesvirus 7, reported in 1990 is a lymphotropic member of the betaherpesvirus subfamily of herpesviruses. The virus is highly seroprevalent, primary infection usually occurs during childhood, and it has been associated with cases of exanthem subitum, pityriasis rosea, neurological manifestations and transplant...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1654(199910/12)9:4<245::aid-rmv
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infections with the beta-herpesviruses human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) and human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7) are ubiquitous in childhood. The immunosuppression secondary to organ or bone marrow transplantation together with posttransplantation management may favour viral replication and reactivation. HHV-6 and -7 induce immunos...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.299
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type B coxsackieviruses (CV-B) frequently infect the central nervous system (CNS) causing neurological diseases notably meningitis and encephalitis. These infections occur principally among newborns and children. Epidemiological studies of patients with nervous system disorders demonstrate the presence of infectious v...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/rmv.2191
更新日期:2020-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::The influenza A virus genome consists of eight segmented, single-stranded, negative-sense RNAs. Each viral RNA (vRNA) segment forms a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex together with NPs and a polymerase complex, which is a fundamental unit for transcription and replication of the viral genome. Although the exact structu...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.666
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood-borne viruses, such as hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and the facultative blood-borne hepatitis E virus, are considered a major public health problem given that they are accountable for millions of deaths each year. Treatment options, including effective vaccine design, devel...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.1890
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::While outbreaks of foodborne disease remain an important public health concern, their aetiology is not identified in a majority of instances. In targeted studies, the application of newly developed molecular assays has demonstrated that a large proportion of these outbreaks may be caused by the "Norwalk-like viruses" ...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.321
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the virus that causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), is a major global public health issue. Although the advent of combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) has made significant progress in inhibiting HIV replication in patients, HIV-infected cells remain the princi...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.2139
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent isolation of West Nile virus from a bird in mid-winter in New York immediately raised, as one of a few explanations, the possibility of long-term persistence of arboviruses in vertebrate hosts. Although it was a highly popular topic for research many years ago, generally it has since been neglected and its ...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.314
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel human respiratory viral infection that has rapidly progressed into a pandemic, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Blood clotting disorders and acute respiratory failure have surfaced as the major complications among the severe cases ...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/rmv.2177
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Arenaviruses, such as Lassa fever, establish chronic infections in rodents, leading to incidental transmission to humans. Lassa fever is a clinically severe disease, yet the absence of second attacks implies life-long immunity. The aim of this review is to consider whether such immunity could be provided by vaccines. ...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.329
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) caused by the mosquito-transmitted chikungunya virus (CHIKV) swept into international prominence from late 2005 as an epidemic of CHIKF spread around countries surrounding the Indian Ocean. Although significant advances have been made in understanding the pathobiology of CHIKF, numerous quest...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.1802
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The discovery of acyclovir (ACV), a nucleoside analogue, more than 30 years ago, represents a milestone in the management of HSV and VZV infections. The modest activity of ACV against CMV prompted the development of another nucleoside analogue, ganciclovir, for the management of systemic and organ-specific CMV disease...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.1787
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Failure of antiretroviral therapy to eradicate HIV, even in individuals who suppress the virus to undetectable levels, is a consequence of persistent infection in latently infected cells and within anatomical reservoirs. Support for the notion that the lungs are distinct anatomical reservoirs of HIV comes from a spect...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.1772
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The common mucosal immune system (CMIS) consists of an integrated cross-communication pathway of lymphoid tissues made up of inductive and effector sites for host protection against pathogenic microorganisms. Major effector molecules of the CMIS include IgA antibodies and cytokines, chemokines and their corresponding ...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.307
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleotide sequences from a total of 421 HEV isolates were retrieved from Genbank and analysed. Phylogenetically, HEV was classified into four major genotypes. Genotype 1 was more conserved and classified into five subtypes. The number of genotype 2 sequences was limited but can be classified into two subtypes. Genoty...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.482
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well known that viruses, as obligate intracellular parasites, must use their hosts' metabolic machinery in order to replicate their genomes and form infectious progeny virions. What is less well known are the details of how viruses make sure that once all the necessary proteins are made, that they assume the cor...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.499
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in the pediatric population worldwide. The immunopathology of RSV infection varies considerably and severe disease occurs only in a minority of the population. There are many factors (host, viral, and environmental) tha...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.2026
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positive-stranded RNA viruses, like many other viruses, have evolved to exploit the host cellular machinery to their own advantage. In eukaryotic cells, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) that serves as the major intracellular pathway for protein degradation and modification plays a crucial role in the regulation o...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.1725
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viruses are efficient carriers of genetic material between cells. They specifically recognise a target cell and utilise host functions for genome delivery to the replication site. A mature viral capsid emerging from an infected cell serves at least three distinct functions. It enables virus egress from the infected ce...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1654(1998100)8:4<213::aid-rmv22
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternofetal transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common infectious cause of congenital malformation in developed countries. Maternal infection often results from close contact with infected children, and this may occur in day care centres (DCCs). A systematic review of observational studies was conducted...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1002/rmv.2011
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::TT virus (TTV) was found in 1997 from a hepatitis patient without virus markers. However, the real impact of TTV on liver diseases remains uncertain to date. Due to the lack of suitable cell systems to support the growth of TTV, the biology of TTV is still obscure. This review tries to summarise the current status of ...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.351
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The orf virus (ORFV) is a zoonotic, epitheliotropic, DNA parapoxvirus that infects principally sheep and goats. Exposure of animals to the virus or immunization by an ORFV preparation can accentuate the severity of disease, which has provoked an interest in the underlying cellular, virological, and molecular mechanism...
journal_title:Reviews in medical virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/rmv.2013
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00