Hepatitis C genotype 4: A report on resistance-associated substitutions in NS3, NS5A, and NS5B genes.

abstract：:The conventional diagnosis of dengue virus infections includes the detection of the virus in serum or tissue samples, both by isolation in culture or through detection of specific viral molecules (genome RNA or dengue antigens) and detection of specific anti-dengue antibodies (serology). Isolation of dengue virus prov...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Teles FR,Prazeres DM,Lima-Filho JL

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide and an emerging cause of chronic infection in immunocompromised patients. As with viral infections in general, immune responses are critical to determine the outcome of HEV infection. Accumulating studies in cell culture, animal models and...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Hakim MS,Ikram A,Zhou J,Wang W,Peppelenbosch MP,Pan Q

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteriophages or phages, being the most abundant entities on earth, represent a potential solution to a diverse range of problems. Phages are successful antibacterial agents whose use in therapeutics was hindered by the discovery of antibiotics. Eventually, because of the development and spread of antibiotic resistan...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Rehman S,Ali Z,Khan M,Bostan N,Naseem S

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Remdesivir is an antiviral agent that has shown broad-spectrum activity, including against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Clinical trials investigating the role of remdesivir in coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) reported conflicting results. This study aimed to systematically review th...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Elsawah HK,Elsokary MA,Abdallah MS,ElShafie AH

更新日期：2020-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Three non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are currently available for treatment of HIV-1 as part of combination antiretroviral therapy. Oral dosing is administered three times daily for delavirdine (DLV), twice daily for nevirapine (NVP), and once daily for efavirenz (EFV). Rash is a common side e...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Harris M,Montaner JS

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the causative agents of hepatocellular carcinoma. The molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis are complex. One of the host factors involved is apparently the long-lasting inflammatory reaction which accompanies chronic HBV infection. Although HBV lacks a typical viral oncogene, the HBx ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Niller HH,Ay E,Banati F,Demcsák A,Takacs M,Minarovits J

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The SCID-hu Thy/Liv mouse is a model for the analysis of human thymopoiesis. It has been constructed by engrafting fragments of human fetal liver and thymus into the immunodeficient C.B-17 scid/scid (SCID) mouse. The resulting 'Thy/Liv' organ promotes long-term differentiation of human T cells. Given the apparently no...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Su L

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infections with the beta-herpesviruses human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) and human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7) are ubiquitous in childhood. The immunosuppression secondary to organ or bone marrow transplantation together with posttransplantation management may favour viral replication and reactivation. HHV-6 and -7 induce immunos...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Dockrell DH,Paya CV

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-1 and HIV-2 share many similarities including their basic gene arrangement, modes of transmission, intracellular replication pathways and clinical consequences: both result in AIDS. However, HIV-2 is characterised by lower transmissibility and reduced likelihood of progression to AIDS. The underlying mechanistic d...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Nyamweya S,Hegedus A,Jaye A,Rowland-Jones S,Flanagan KL,Macallan DC

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well known that viruses, as obligate intracellular parasites, must use their hosts' metabolic machinery in order to replicate their genomes and form infectious progeny virions. What is less well known are the details of how viruses make sure that once all the necessary proteins are made, that they assume the cor...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Byrd CM,Hruby DE

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The collection of nasopharyngeal swabs to test for the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an invasive technique with implications for patients and clinicians. Alternative clinical specimens from the upper respiratory tract may offer benefits in terms of collection, comfort and ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Comber L,Walsh KA,Jordan K,O'Brien KK,Clyne B,Teljeur C,Drummond L,Carty PG,De Gascun CF,Smith SM,Harrington P,Ryan M,O'Neill M

更新日期：2020-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the virus that causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), is a major global public health issue. Although the advent of combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) has made significant progress in inhibiting HIV replication in patients, HIV-infected cells remain the princi...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Namdari H,Rezaei F,Teymoori-Rad M,Mortezagholi S,Sadeghi A,Akbari A

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viruses are obligate parasites dependent on host cells for survival. Viral infection of a cell activates a panel of pattern recognition receptors that mediate antiviral host responses to inhibit viral replication and dissemination. Viruses have evolved mechanisms to evade and subvert this antiviral host response, incl...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： van Zuylen WJ,Rawlinson WD,Ford CE

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The immense difficulty in primary control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection by adaptive immune responses has been a topic of exceptional importance. CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) do play a central role in primary resolution of viremia, but their potency in vi...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Yamamoto H,Matano T

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccination is the current strategy for control and prevention of severe rotavirus infections, a major cause of acute, dehydrating diarrhoea in young children worldwide. Public health interventions aimed at improving water, food and sanitation are unlikely adequately to control the disease. The development of vaccines...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Fischer TK,Gentsch JR

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in the pediatric population worldwide. The immunopathology of RSV infection varies considerably and severe disease occurs only in a minority of the population. There are many factors (host, viral, and environmental) tha...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Tahamtan A,Askari FS,Bont L,Salimi V

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dengue disease encompasses various clinical manifestations including dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). In this article, we aimed to systematically review and analyze the association between different blood groups and severity of dengue. We searched nine databases for eligible papers reporting preva...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Hashan MR,Ghozy S,El-Qushayri AE,Pial RH,Hossain MA,Al Kibria GM

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the CNS is in part protected from peripheral insults by the blood-brain barrier and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, a number of human viruses gain access to the brain, replicate within this organ, or sustain latent infection. The efficacy of antiviral drugs towards the cerebral viral load is often limi...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Strazielle N,Ghersi-Egea JF

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viruses are efficient carriers of genetic material between cells. They specifically recognise a target cell and utilise host functions for genome delivery to the replication site. A mature viral capsid emerging from an infected cell serves at least three distinct functions. It enables virus egress from the infected ce...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Greber UF

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enteroviruses and humans have long co-existed. Although recognized in ancient times, poliomyelitis and type 1 diabetes (T1D) were exceptionally rare and not epidemic, due in large part to poor sanitation and personal hygiene which resulted in repeated exposure to fecal-oral transmitted viruses and other infectious age...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Drescher KM,von Herrath M,Tracy S

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Of all the nutrients, vitamin A has been the most extensively evaluated for its impact on immunity. There are three main forms of vitamin A, retinol, retinal and retinoic acid (RA) with the latter being most biologically active and all-trans-RA (ATRA) its main derivative. Vitamin A is a key regulator of the functions ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Midha IK,Kumar N,Kumar A,Madan T

更新日期：2020-12-31 00:00:00

abstract：:TT virus (TTV) was found in 1997 from a hepatitis patient without virus markers. However, the real impact of TTV on liver diseases remains uncertain to date. Due to the lack of suitable cell systems to support the growth of TTV, the biology of TTV is still obscure. This review tries to summarise the current status of ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Hino S

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of antiviral compounds were examined for their activity against human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6), type 7 (HHV-7) and type 8 (HHV-8). They were selected either because they are already approved for clinical use in the treatment of herpesvirus infections (acyclovir, valaciclovir, penciclovir, famciclovir, ganci...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： De Clercq E,Naesens L,De Bolle L,Schols D,Zhang Y,Neyts J

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is among the most common human pathogens worldwide. Its entry into host cells is an intricate process that relies heavily on the ability of the viral glycoproteins to bind host cellular proteins and to efficiently mediate fusion of the virus envelope with the cell membrane. Acquisit...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Antoine TE,Park PJ,Shukla D

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drugs based on amino acid sequence of Heptad Repeats of gp41 of HIV have been explored in search of anti-HIV drugs acting by inhibition of the gp41 6-helix formation and subsequent cellular infection. These are classified under a distinct discipline called HIV fusion inhibitors. Resistance to HIV fusion inhibitors and...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Qadir MI,Malik SA

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amongst the 60 viral species reported to be associated with bats, 59 are RNA viruses, which are potentially important in the generation of emerging and re-emerging infections in humans. The prime examples of these are the lyssaviruses and Henipavirus. The transmission of Nipah, Hendra and perhaps SARS coronavirus and ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Wong S,Lau S,Woo P,Yuen KY

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The alarming rise of morbidity and mortality caused by influenza pandemics and epidemics has drawn attention worldwide since the last few decades. This life-threatening problem necessitates the development of a safe and effective vaccine to protect against incoming pandemics. The currently available flu vaccines rely ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Keshavarz M,Mirzaei H,Salemi M,Momeni F,Mousavi MJ,Sadeghalvad M,Arjeini Y,Solaymani-Mohammadi F,Sadri Nahand J,Namdari H,Mokhtari-Azad T,Rezaei F

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) caused by the mosquito-transmitted chikungunya virus (CHIKV) swept into international prominence from late 2005 as an epidemic of CHIKF spread around countries surrounding the Indian Ocean. Although significant advances have been made in understanding the pathobiology of CHIKF, numerous quest...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Smith DR

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The common mucosal immune system (CMIS) consists of an integrated cross-communication pathway of lymphoid tissues made up of inductive and effector sites for host protection against pathogenic microorganisms. Major effector molecules of the CMIS include IgA antibodies and cytokines, chemokines and their corresponding ...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Iijima H,Takahashi I,Kiyono H

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tat (transactivator of transcription) regulates transcription from the HIV provirus. It plays a crucial role in disease progression, supporting efficient replication of the viral genome. Tat also modulates many functions in the host genome via its interaction with chromatin and proteins. Many of the functions of Tat a...

journal_title：Reviews in medical virology

authors： Kurnaeva MA,Sheval EV,Musinova YR,Vassetzky YS

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00