Abstract:
:The activation of peripheral nociceptors is the subject of intense scrutiny, because of its significance in pain regulation. Genetic approaches, including homology cloning, difference cloning and transgenic manipulation of mice are providing useful insights into nociceptor function. Recent work suggests that transcriptional regulators (for example, islet-I), which are expressed relatively selectively in sensory neurones, play a crucial role in defining cellular phenotype. Difference cloning has identified genes which encode both ligand-gated and voltage-gated ion channels expressed by small-diameter sensory neurones. The role of inflammatory mediators such as NGF in regulating nociceptor function has been clarified in mis-expression and deletion studies. An understanding of the mechanisms that regulate gene expression in nociceptors should provide new ways to manipulate nociceptor sensitivity, with potential significance for pain therapy.
journal_name
Trends Neuroscijournal_title
Trends in neurosciencesauthors
Akopian AN,Abson NC,Wood JNdoi
10.1016/0166-2236(96)10030-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-06-01 00:00:00pages
240-6issue
6eissn
0166-2236issn
1878-108Xpii
0166-2236(96)10030-8journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Progress in molecular genetics has enabled the dissection of several autosomal dominantly inherited forms of cerebrovascular disorders. Mutations in diverse genes might induce pathological changes in intracranial vessels, resulting in cerebral haemorrhages and ischaemic strokes. Such pathologies, however, might also r...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01836-1
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resolvins, including D and E series resolvins, are endogenous lipid mediators generated during the resolution phase of acute inflammation from the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Resolvins have potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution actions in severa...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2011.08.005
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The strange and unpleasant sensations (paraesthesiae) or asynchronous motor-unit activation (fasciculation) that result from a period of limb ischaemia are examples of ectopic discharge in peripheral nerves. Ectopic activity also results from demyelination and is associated with serious neurological conditions, such a...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01645-3
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The subunit switching of ligand-gated receptors is a potentially important mechanism through which synaptic plasticity can be achieved in the nervous system. Although established in an activity-dependent manner for neurotransmission that is mediated by excitatory amino acids, there is much less direct evidence for a r...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(99)01540-4
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic spines, small bulbous postsynaptic compartments emanating from neuronal dendrites, have been thought to serve as basic units of memory storage. Despite their small size (~0.1 femtoliter), thousands of species of proteins exist in the spine, including receptors, channels, scaffolding proteins and signaling en...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2011.12.002
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::When nuclear magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of the brain are acquired in rapid succession they exhibit small differences in signal intensity in positions corresponding to focal areas of activation. These signal changes result from small differences in the magnetic resonance signal caused by variations in the oxygena...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(94)90055-8
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adaptation to the ever-changing world is critical for survival, and our brains are particularly tuned to remember events that differ from previous experiences. Novel experiences induce dopamine release in the hippocampus, a process which promotes memory persistence. While axons from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) we...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2018.10.002
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lyme disease is of interest to the neurologist and neuroscientist for a variety of reasons. As more arthropod hosts throughout the world are infected with the causative organism, Borrelia burgdorferi, the illness in humans is becoming more prevalent; in addition, recognition of the disease in humans and susceptible an...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(89)90065-9
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurobiology was a central concern at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL), Woods Hole at the end of the last century, when the director Charles Otis Whitman set up a seminar for discussion of research and general issues in 'neurology', which took place annually from 1896 to 1900 and generated intense interest among...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(90)90118-t
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::More often than not, action potentials fail to trigger neurotransmitter release. And even when neurotransmitter is released, the resulting change in synaptic conductance is highly variable. Given the energetic cost of generating and propagating action potentials, and the importance of information transmission across s...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2020.03.009
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A fundamental problem in systems neuroscience is mapping the physical properties of a stimulus to perceptual characteristics. In vision, wavelength translates into color; in audition, frequency translates into pitch. Although odorant concentration is a key feature of olfactory stimuli, we do not know how concentration...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2014.05.005
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a neurodevelopmental disorder with serious lifelong consequences, autism has received considerable attention from neuroscientists and geneticists. We present a hypothesis of mechanisms plausibly affected during brain development in autism, based on neural pathways that are associated with social behavior and connec...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2019.05.002
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dopaminergic system exerts dynamic modulation of glutamatergic afferent drive that is dependent on the temporal pattern of the dopaminergic input and the subtypes of striatal neurons affected. The differences in feedforward inhibition between striatal neurons comprising the direct and indirect output pathway confe...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1471-1931(00)00020-3
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The complexity and inaccessibility of the vertebrate CNS impede the localization and description of memory traces and the definition of the processes that create them. Recent work has shown that the spinal stretch reflex (SSR), which is produced by a monosynaptic two-neuron pathway, can be operantly conditioned, and t...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(90)90005-u
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain dynamic changes associated with schizophrenia are largely equivocal, with interpretation complicated by many factors, such as the presence of therapeutic agents and the complex nature of the syndrome itself. Evidence for a brain-wide change in individual network oscillations, shared by all patients, is largely e...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2017.04.003
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia (SZ) is primarily an adult psychiatric disorder in which disturbances caused by susceptibility genes and environmental insults during early neurodevelopment initiate neurophysiological changes over a long time course, culminating in the onset of full-blown disease nearly two decades later. Aberrant postn...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2009.05.007
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent years have seen a flourishing literature on detection of circulating autoantibodies against neurotransmitter receptors in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. These studies have generated hope for a better understanding of the underlying molecular dysfunctions and for appropriate therapeutic strategies. Ho...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2018.05.002
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep is widely believed to play an essential role in synaptic plasticity. However, the precise mechanisms governing this presumptive function are largely unknown. There is also evidence for independent circadian oscillations in synaptic strength and morphology. Therefore, synaptic changes observed after sleep reflect...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2014.06.005
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hebbian synaptic learning requires co-activation of presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons. However, under some conditions, information regarding the postsynaptic action potential, carried by backpropagating action potentials, can be strongly degraded before it reaches the distal exhibit Hebbian long-term potentiation (...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2003.12.004
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently available antibodies to the P2X(7) receptor are unreliable determinants of neuronal P2X(7) immunoreactivity, owing to staining of a "P2X(7)-like" protein that is not eliminated by legitimate P2X(7) gene-knockout approaches. Despite this, compelling electrophysiological and pharmacological data strongly suppo...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2006.03.003
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dynamic alterations in the structure of the neuronal cytoskeleton are necessary for axonal growth and guidance during development and may also be involved in modulation of synaptic function. Recent evidence suggests that the structural and mechanochemical properties of the cytoskeletal protein, actin, are critical to ...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(89)90098-2
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic studies have identified several of the genes associated with malformations of cortical development which might disrupt each of the main stages of cell proliferation and specification, neuronal migration and late cortical organization. The largest malformation groups, focal cortical dysplasia, heterotopia and p...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2007.12.004
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cholinergic interneurons have emerged as one of the key players controlling network functions in the striatum. Extracellularly recorded cholinergic interneurons acquire characteristic responses to sensory stimuli during reward-related learning, including a pause and subsequent rebound in spiking. However, the precise ...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2012.09.006
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Integrins comprise a large family of heterodimeric proteins that mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular-matrix adhesive connections. There is an extensive literature on their importance in neural development and cancer, but evidence for the existence of integrins in the adult CNS has emerged only recently. With grow...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(96)89623-8
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Communication is a central theme in biology. Consequently, specialized structures have evolved to permit rapid communication among cells, tissues, organs, and physiological systems, thus enhancing the overall function and adaptation of the organism. A prime example is the neuronal synapse. In the brain, synaptic commu...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2015.06.001
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Elucidation of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying neoplasia is one of the great success stories of modern science, but this success has not been associated with parallel improvements in the treatment of malignant tumors. One possible explanation for this failure is that the most important variables that supp...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2003.12.007
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocytes, which constitute the most abundant cell type in mammalian brain, are extensively coupled to one another through gap junctions composed mainly of connexin43. In regions exhibiting high levels of connexin43 expression, tens of astrocytes are labeled following single-cell intracellular injection. Importantly,...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(96)10046-1
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mossy fiber (MF) synapses are key stations for flow of information through the hippocampal formation. A major component of the output of the MF system is directed towards inhibitory interneurons. Recent studies have revealed that the functional properties of MF-interneuron synapses differ substantially from those of M...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(02)02259-2
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complement proteins are ancient components of innate immunity that have emerged as crucial regulators of neural networks. We discuss these roles in the context of the CNS development, acute CNS viral infections, and post-infectious and noninfectious CNS disorders, with an emphasis on microglia-mediated loss of synapse...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2020.10.003
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxytocin and vasopressin are regulators of anxiety, stress-coping, and sociality. They are released within hypothalamic and limbic areas from dendrites, axons, and perikarya independently of, or coordinated with, secretion from neurohypophysial terminals. Central oxytocin exerts anxiolytic and antidepressive effects, ...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2012.08.004
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00