Abstract:
:Communication is a central theme in biology. Consequently, specialized structures have evolved to permit rapid communication among cells, tissues, organs, and physiological systems, thus enhancing the overall function and adaptation of the organism. A prime example is the neuronal synapse. In the brain, synaptic communication establishes neuronal networks with the capacity to integrate, process, and store information, giving rise to complex output signals capable of orchestrating functions across the organism. At the intracellular level, discoveries now reveal the existence of 'mitochondrial synapses' establishing mitochondrial networks, with defined chromatin-modifying mitochondrial output signals capable of orchestrating gene expression across the genome. These discoveries raise the possibility that in addition to their role as powerhouses and neuromodulators, mitochondria behave as intracellular signal-processing networks.
journal_name
Trends Neuroscijournal_title
Trends in neurosciencesauthors
Picard Mdoi
10.1016/j.tins.2015.06.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-08-01 00:00:00pages
468-74issue
8eissn
0166-2236issn
1878-108Xpii
S0166-2236(15)00130-7journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Women experience many pain conditions more frequently when compared with men, but the biological mechanisms underlying sex differences in pain remain poorly understood. In particular, little is known about possible sex differences in peripheral nociceptors, the fundamental building blocks of pain transmission. Emergin...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2020.06.003
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) has been linked to demyelination and remyelination. Using zebrafish and mouse models of demyelination and remyelination, Cunha et al. now describe a novel role for myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling in supporting remyelination by promoting myeloid cell-...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2020.04.005
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite extensive information on many aspects of peptide neurobiology, the links between the behavioral effects of neuropeptides and their actions at the cellular and molecular levels are not fully understood. A pair of insect neuropeptides, the cardioacceleratory peptides (CAPs) of the tobacco hawkmoth Manduca sexta,...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(91)90126-f
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic pain is a major medical problem that is resistant to conventional medical intervention. It also causes emotional changes such as anxiety and fear. Furthermore, anxiety or fear often enhances the suffering of pain. Based on recent studies, I propose chronic anxiety triggered by injury or chronic pain is mediate...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2016.01.006
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advances in gene discovery for neurodevelopmental disorders have identified SCN2A dysfunction as a leading cause of infantile seizures, autism spectrum disorder, and intellectual disability. SCN2A encodes the neuronal sodium channel NaV1.2. Functional assays demonstrate strong correlation between genotype and phenotyp...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2018.03.011
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::CNS myelin inhibits axonal outgrowth in vitro and is one of several obstacles to functional recovery following spinal cord injury. Central to our current understanding of myelin-mediated inhibition are the membrane protein Nogo and the Nogo-66 receptor (NgR). New findings implicate NgR as a point of convergence in sig...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0166-2236(03)00062-6
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose has long been considered the substrate for neuronal energy metabolism in the brain. Recently, an alternative explanation of energy metabolism in the active brain, the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle hypothesis, has received attention. It suggests that during neural activity energy needs in glia are met by ana...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01920-2
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hebbian synaptic learning requires co-activation of presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons. However, under some conditions, information regarding the postsynaptic action potential, carried by backpropagating action potentials, can be strongly degraded before it reaches the distal exhibit Hebbian long-term potentiation (...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2003.12.004
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several theories have proposed possible functions of adult neurogenesis in learning processes on a systems level, such as the avoidance of catastrophic interference and the encoding of temporal and contextual information, and in emotional behavior. Under the assumption of such functionality of new neurons, the questio...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2008.01.002
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nearly 30 years ago, a debate over two disparate models of synaptic vesicle retrieval arose. Subsequent investigations to determine which model was correct proved inconclusive and served only to further the debate. However, recent evidence has begun to suggest that both models are valid and relevant in understanding t...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01769-0
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms underlying lesion formation in multiple sclerosis are unknown. The prevailing view is that macrophages are primary mediators of myelin destruction in the relapsing and remitting forms of this disease. However, recent findings have revealed widespread oligodendrocyte apoptosis in the absence of a clear c...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2005.01.006
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::How does an extracellular guidance molecule direct multiple growth cones to different positions? The answer is important for understanding the development of complex neural connections. UNC-6 is a member of the netrin family of guidance proteins. It has phylogenetically conserved domains that mediate its different gui...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(02)02206-3
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::When nuclear magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of the brain are acquired in rapid succession they exhibit small differences in signal intensity in positions corresponding to focal areas of activation. These signal changes result from small differences in the magnetic resonance signal caused by variations in the oxygena...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(94)90055-8
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transition from short- to long-term memory requires lasting modulations of synaptic connectivity. In a variety of species and learning tasks, enhanced synthesis of glycoprotein cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs), such as neural CAM (NCAM) and Ll, 5-8 h post-training is a necessary step in this process. If the training...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(95)92774-k
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complement proteins are ancient components of innate immunity that have emerged as crucial regulators of neural networks. We discuss these roles in the context of the CNS development, acute CNS viral infections, and post-infectious and noninfectious CNS disorders, with an emphasis on microglia-mediated loss of synapse...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2020.10.003
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The two GluN3 subunits were the last NMDA receptor subunits to be cloned some 15 years ago. Strikingly, despite the steadily growing interest in their function, their physiological role remains elusive. The original billing as dominant-negative modulators of classical NMDA receptors composed of GluN1 and GluN2 subunit...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2011.11.010
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The existence of an endogenous cannabinoid system was demonstrated conclusively with the discovery of endogenous brain constituents capable of activating the cannabinoid receptors functionally. These compounds are synthesized by neuronal cells and inactivated through re-uptake and enzymatic hydrolysis by both neurons ...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(98)01283-1
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular acid can have important effects on neuron function. In central and peripheral neurons, acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) have emerged as key receptors for extracellular protons, and recent studies suggest diverse roles for these channels in the pathophysiology of pain, ischemic stroke and psychiatric dis...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2006.06.014
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progress in molecular genetics has enabled the dissection of several autosomal dominantly inherited forms of cerebrovascular disorders. Mutations in diverse genes might induce pathological changes in intracranial vessels, resulting in cerebral haemorrhages and ischaemic strokes. Such pathologies, however, might also r...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01836-1
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Integrins comprise a large family of heterodimeric proteins that mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular-matrix adhesive connections. There is an extensive literature on their importance in neural development and cancer, but evidence for the existence of integrins in the adult CNS has emerged only recently. With grow...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(96)89623-8
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a lethal disease that is characterized by the relentless death of motoneurons. Mutations to Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), though occurring in just 2-3% of individuals with ALS, remain the only proven cause of the disease. These mutations structurally weaken SOD, which indirec...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01981-0
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motoneurones are known to die (1) during embryonic development (naturally occurring cell death), (2) early in postnatal development after axonal injury, and (3) as a consequence of disease, such as spinal muscular atrophy or (in later life) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Naturally occurring motoneurone death has been ...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0166-2236(92)90014-y
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), coupling of neurons by gap junctions (i.e., electrical synapses) and the expression of the neuronal gap junction protein, connexin 36 (Cx36), transiently increase during early postnatal development. The levels of both subsequently decline and remain low in the adult, conf...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2012.11.001
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dopaminergic system exerts dynamic modulation of glutamatergic afferent drive that is dependent on the temporal pattern of the dopaminergic input and the subtypes of striatal neurons affected. The differences in feedforward inhibition between striatal neurons comprising the direct and indirect output pathway confe...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1471-1931(00)00020-3
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antisocial aggression is a widespread and expensive social problem. Although aggressive behaviors and temperament are highly heritable, clinical and trait associations for the most promising candidate gene for aggression, MAOA, have been largely inconsistent. We suggest that limitations inherent to that approach might...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2007.12.006
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conditioning and extinction of fear have traditionally been viewed as two independent learning processes for encoding representations of contexts or cues (conditioned stimuli, CS), aversive events (unconditioned stimuli, US), and their relationship. Based on the analysis of protein kinase signaling patterns in neurons...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2011.10.003
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compromise of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a potential basis for multiple physiological abnormalities and pathologies in the CNS. This could be because reduced protein turnover leads to bulk intracellular protein accumulation. However, conditions associated with compromised UPS function are also associated...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2006.11.003
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an intermediate filament (IF) III protein uniquely found in astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS), non-myelinating Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and enteric glial cells. GFAP mRNA expression is regulated by several nuclear-receptor hormones, gr...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2015.04.003
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glia are the most abundant cell type in the mammalian nervous system and they have vital roles in neural development, function and health. However our understanding of the biology of glia is in its infancy. How do glia develop and interact with neurons? How diverse are glial populations? What are the primary functions...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2005.12.002
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A century after the discovery of acetylcholine (ACh), we recognize both ACh receptors, transporters, and synthesizing and degrading enzymes and regulators of their expression as contributors to cognition, metabolism, and immunity. Recent discoveries indicate that pre- and post-transcriptional ACh signaling controllers...
journal_title:Trends in neurosciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tins.2015.05.007
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00